Heidenhain tnc 426 руководство

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  TNC 426 TNC 430 NC Software 280 476-xx 280 477-xx User’s Manual HEIDENHAIN Conversational Format 10/2001…
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  Controls on the visual display unit Programming path movements Split screen layout Approach/depart contour Switch between machining or FK free contour programming programming modes Soft keys for selecting functions in screen Straight line Switching the soft-key rows Circle center/pole for polar coordinates Changing the screen settings Circle with center (only BC 120)
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  TNC users. Touch Probe Cycles User’s Manual: All of the touch probe functions are described in a separate manual. Please contact HEIDENHAIN if you require a copy of this User’s Manual. ID number: 329 203-xx. Location of use…
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  New features of the NC software 280 476-xx Thread milling cycles 262 to 267 (see “Fundamentals of thread milling” on page 235) Tapping Cycle 209 with chip breaking (see “TAPPING WITH CHIP BREAKING (Cycle 209)” on page 233) Cycle 247(see “DATUM SETTING (Cycle 247)” on page 324) Cycle run by means of point tables (see “Point Tables”…
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  Summary of input formats (see “Technical Information” on page 465) Mid-program startup of pallet tables (see “Mid-program startup (block scan)” on page 412) Exchanging the buffer battery (see “Exchanging the Buffer Battery” on page 469) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 9: Table Of Contents

  Programming: Fundamentals of File Management, Programming Aids Programming: Tools Programming: Programming Contours Programming: Miscellaneous Functions Programming: Cycles Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Programming: Q Parameters Test Run and Program Run MOD Functions Tables and Overviews HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

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  1.4 Status Displays ..9 “General” status display ..9 Additional status displays ..10 1.5 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels ..13 3-D Touch Probes ..13 HR electronic handwheels ..14 2 Manual Operation and Setup ..15 2.1 Switch-on, Switch-off ..
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  Data transfer to or from an external data medium ..44 Selecting one of the last 10 files selected ..46 Renaming a file ..46 Converting an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format ..47 Protect file / Cancel file protection ..48 VIII…
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  The TNC in a network (applies only for Ethernet interface option) ..61 4.5 Creating and Writing Programs ..63 Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN conversational format..63 Defining the blank form–BLK FORM ..63 Creating a new part program ..64 Programming tool movements in conversational format ..
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  4.8 Adding Comments ..73 Function ..73 Entering comments during programming ..73 Inserting comments after program entry ..73 Entering a comment in a separate block ..73 4.9 Creating Text Files ..74 Function ..74 Opening and exiting text files ..74 Editing texts ..
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  Data required for the tool table ..123 Working with automatic speed/feed rate calculation ..124 Changing the table structure ..124 Data transfer from cutting data tables ..126 Configuration file TNC.SYS ..126 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  6 Programming: Programming Contours ..127 6.1 Tool movements ..128 Path functions ..128 FK Free Contour Programming ..128 Miscellaneous functions M ..128 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats ..128 Programming with Q parameters ..128 6.2 Fundamentals of Path Functions ..129 Programming tool movements for workpiece machining ..
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  Free programming of circular arcs ..161 Input possibilities ..162 Auxiliary points ..164 Relative data ..165 Converting FK programs ..167 6.7 Path Contours — Spline Interpolation ..173 Function ..173 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430 XIII…
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  7 Programming: Miscellaneous functions ..175 7.1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP ..176 Fundamentals ..176 7.2 Miscellaneous Functions for Program Run Control, Spindle and Coolant ..177 Overview ..177 7.3 Miscellaneous Functions for Coordinate Data ..178 Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 ..
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  CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 214) ..266 CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING (Cycle 215) ..268 SLOT MILLING (Cycle 3) ..270 SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 210) ..272 CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 211) ..274 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  8.5 Cycles for Machining Hole Patterns ..278 Overview ..278 CIRCULAR PATTERN (Cycle 220) ..279 LINEAR PATTERN (Cycle 221) ..281 8.6 SL cycles ..285 Fundamentals ..285 Overview of SL cycles ..286 CONTOUR GEOMETRY (Cycle 14) ..287 Overlapping contours ..
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  Calling any program as a subprogram ..345 9.5 Nesting ..346 Types of nesting ..346 Nesting depth ..346 Subprogram within a subprogram ..346 Repeating program section repeats ..347 Repeating a subprogram ..348 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430 XVII…
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  10 Programming: Q Parameters ..355 10.1 Principle and Overview ..356 Programming notes ..356 Calling Q parameter functions ..357 10.2 Part Families – Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values ..358 Example NC blocks ..358 Example ..
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  Mid-program startup (block scan) ..412 Returning to the contour ..413 11.5 Automatic Program Start ..414 Function ..414 11.6 Optional Block Skip ..415 Function ..415 11.7 Optional Program Run Interruption ..416 Function ..416 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  12 MOD Functions ..417 12.1 MOD functions ..418 Selecting the MOD functions ..418 Changing the settings ..418 Exiting the MOD functions ..418 Overview of MOD functions ..418 12.2 Software Numbers and Option Numbers ..420 Function ..
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  Ethernet interface BNC socket (option) ..464 13.3 Technical Information ..465 13.4 Exchanging the Buffer Battery ..469 TNC 426 CB/PB, TNC 430 CA/PA ..469 TNC 426 M, TNC 430 M ..469 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 27: Introduction

  Introduction…

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  They are designed for milling, drilling and boring machines, as well as for machining centers. The TNC 426 can control up to 5 axes; the TNC 430 can control up to 9 axes. You can also change the angular position of the spindle under program control.
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  In the submenu: Increase value or move picture to the right or upward In the main menu: Select submenu In the submenu: Exit submenu 1 1 4 Main menu dialog Function BRIGHTNESS Adjust brightness CONTRAST Adjust contrast H-POSITION Adjust horizontal position HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Main menu dialog Function V-POSITION Adjust vertical position V-SIZE Adjust picture height SIDE-PIN Correct barrel-shaped distortion TRAPEZOID Correct trapezoidal distortion ROTATION Correct tilting COLOR TEMP Adjust color temperature R-GAIN Adjust strength of red color B-GAIN Adjust strength of blue color RECALL No function The BC 120 is sensitive to magnetic and electromagnetic noise, which…
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  Arrow keys and GOTO jump command Numerical input and axis selection The functions of the individual keys are described on the inside front cover. Machine panel buttons, e.g. NC START, are described in the manual for your machine tool. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  1.3 Modes of Operation Manual Operation and Electronic Handwheel The Manual Operation mode is required for setting up the machine tool. In this operating mode, you can position the machine axes manually or by increments, set the datums, and tilt the working plane. The Electronic Handwheel mode of operation allows you to move the machine axes manually with the HR electronic handwheel.
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  This simulation is supported graphically in different display modes. Soft keys for selecting the screen layout: see “Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block,” page 8. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Program Run, Full Sequence and Program Run, Single Block In the Program Run, Full Sequence mode of operation the TNC executes a part program continuously to its end or to a manual or programmed stop. You can resume program run after an interruption. In the Program Run, Single Block mode of operation you execute each block separately by pressing the machine START button.
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  Spindle speed S, feed rate F and active M functions Program run started Axis locked Axis can be moved with the handwheel Axes are moving in a tilted working plane Axes are moving under a basic rotation HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Additional status displays The additional status displays contain detailed information on the program run. They can be called in all operating modes, except in the Programming and Editing mode of operation. To switch on the additional status display: Call the soft-key row for screen layout. Select the layout option for the additional status display.
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  Coordinate transformations Name of main program Active datum shift (Cycle 7) Active rotation angle (Cycle 10) Mirrored axes (Cycle Active scaling factor(s) (Cycles 11 / 26) Scaling datum See “Coordinate Transformation Cycles” on page 319. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Tool measurement Number of the tool to be measured Display whether the tool radius or the tool length is being measured MIN and MAX values of the individual cutting edges and the result of measuring the rotating tool (DYN = dynamic measurement) Cutting edge number with the corresponding measured value.
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  1.5 Accessories: HEIDENHAIN 3-D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels 3-D Touch Probes With the various HEIDENHAIN 3-D touch probe systems you can: Automatically align workpieces Quickly and precisely set datums Measure the workpiece during program run Digitize 3-D surfaces (option), and…
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  Electronic handwheels facilitate moving the axis slides precisely by hand. A wide range of traverses per handwheel revolution is available. Apart from the HR 130 and HR 150 integral handwheels, HEIDENHAIN also offers the HR 410 portable handwheel (see figure at center right). 1 Introduction…

• Page 41: Manual Operation And Setup

  Manual Operation and Setup…

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  2.1 Switch-on, Switch-off Switch-on Switch-on and traversing the reference points can vary depending on the individual machine tool. Refer to your machine manual. Switch on the power supply for control and machine. The TNC automatically initiates the following dialog MEMORY TEST The TNC memory is automatically checked.
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  When the TNC displays the message Now you can switch off the TNC in a superimposed window, you may cut off the power supply to the TNC. Inappropriate switch-off of the TNC can lead to data loss. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  2.2 Moving the Machine Axes Note Traversing with the machine axis direction buttons is a machine-dependent function. The machine tool manual provides further information. To traverse with the machine axis direction buttons: Select the Manual Operation mode. Press the machine axis-direction button and hold it as long as you wish the axis to move, or Move the axis continuously: Press and hold the machine axis direction button, then press the…
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  To move an axis: Select the Electronic Handwheel operating mode. Press and hold the permissive button. Select the axis. Select the feed rate. Move the active axis in the positive or negative direction. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Incremental jog positioning With incremental jog positioning you can move a machine axis by a preset distance. Select Manual or Electronic Handwheel mode of operation. Select incremental jog positioning: Switch the INCREMENT soft key to ON JOG INCREMENT = Enter the jog increment in millimeters, i.e. 8 mm. Press the machine axis direction button as often as desired.
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  With the override knobs you can vary the spindle speed S and feed rate F from 0% to 150% of the set value. The override dial for spindle speed is only functional on machines with infinitely variable spindle drive. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  2.4 Datum Setting(Without a 3-D Touch Probe) Note For datum setting with a 3-D touch probe, refer to the new Touch Probe Cycles Manual. You fix a datum by setting the TNC position display to the coordinates of a known position on the workpiece. Preparation Clamp and align the workpiece.
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  In the tool axis, offset the tool radius. Repeat the process for the remaining axes. If you are using a preset tool, set the display of the tool axis to the length L of the tool or enter the sum Z=L+d. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  2.5 Tilting the working plane Application, function The functions for tilting the working plane are interfaced to the TNC and the machine tool by the machine tool builder. With some swivel heads and tilting tables, the machine tool builder determines whether the entered angles are interpreted as coordinates of the tilt axes or as angular components of a tilted plane.
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  The actual positions of one or several rotary axes must match the entry. Otherwise the TNC will calculate an incorrect datum. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Datum setting on machines with rotary tables The behavior of the TNC during datum setting depends on the machine. Refer to your machine manual. The TNC automatically shifts the datum if you rotate the table and the tilted working plane function is active: MP 7500, bit 3=0 To calculate the datum, the TNC uses the difference between the REF coordinate during datum setting and the REF coordinate of the…
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  If you are using Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE in the part program, the angular values defined in the cycle (starting at the cycle definition) are effective. Angular values entered in the menu will be overwritten. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 55: Positioning With Manual Data Input (Mdi)

  Positioning with Manual Data Input (MDI)

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  The operating mode Positioning with Manual Data Input is particularly convenient for simple machining operations or pre-positioning of the tool. It enables you to write a short program in HEIDENHAIN conversational programming or in ISO format, and execute it immediately. You can also call TNC cycles. The program is stored in the file $MDI.
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  Select the axis of the rotary table, enter the rotation angle you wrote down previously and set the feed rate.For example: L C+2.561 F50 Conclude entry. Press the machine START button: The rotation of the table corrects the misalignment. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Protecting and erasing programs in $MDI The $MDI file is generally intended for short programs that are only needed temporarily. Nevertheless, you can store a program, if necessary, by proceeding as described below: Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation To call the file manager, press the PGM MGT key (program management).

• Page 59: Programming: Fundamentals Of File

  Programming: Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids, Pallet Management…

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  4.1 Fundamentals Position encoders and reference marks The machine axes are equipped with position encoders that register the positions of the machine table or tool. When a machine axis moves, the corresponding position encoder generates an electrical signal. The TNC evaluates this signal and calculates the precise actual X (Z,Y) position of the machine axis.
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  X direction, and the index finger in the positive Y direction. The TNC 426 can control a machine tool in up to 5 axes; the TNC 430 controls up to 9 axes. The axes U, V and W are secondary linear axes parallel to the main axes X, Y and Z, respectively.
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  Polar coordinates If the production drawing is dimensioned in Cartesian coordinates, you also write the part program using Cartesian coordinates. For parts containing circular arcs or angles it is often simpler to give the dimensions in polar coordinates. While the Cartesian coordinates X, Y and Z are three-dimensional and can describe points in space, polar coordinates are two-dimensional and describe points in a plane.
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  Y = 10 mm Absolute and incremental polar coordinates Absolute polar coordinates always refer to the pole and the reference axis. Incremental coordinates always refer to the last programmed nominal position of the tool. +IPR +IPA +IPA 0° HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  The fastest, easiest and most accurate way of setting the datum is by using a 3-D touch probe from HEIDENHAIN. See the new Touch Probe Cycles User’s Manual, chapter “Setting the Datum with a 3-D Touch Probe.”…
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  When you store programs, tables and texts as files, the TNC adds an extension to the file name, separated by a point. This extension indicates the file type. PROG20 File name File type Maximum Length See table “Files in the TNC.” HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  We recommend saving newly written programs and files on a PC at regular intervals. You can do this with the free backup program TNCBACK.EXE from HEIDENHAIN. Your machine tool builder can provide you with a copy of TNCBACK.EXE. In addition, you need a floppy disk on which all machine-specific data, such as PLC program, machine parameters, etc., are stored.
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  Program is selected in the Programming and Editing mode of operation. Program is selected in the Test Run mode of operation. Program is selected in a program run operating mode. File is protected against editing and erasure. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Selecting a file Call the file manager. Use the arrow keys or the arrow soft keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to select: Moves the highlight up or down file by file in the window. Moves the highlight up or down page by page in the window.
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  If you wish to copy very long programs, enter the new file name and confirm with the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key. The file will now be copied in the background, so you can continue to work while the TNC is copying. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Data transfer to or from an external data medium Before you can transfer data to an external data medium, you must setup the data interface(see “Setting the Data Interfaces” on page 422). Call the file manager. Activate data transfer: Press the EXT soft key. In the left half of the screen the TNC shows all files saved on its hard disk.
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  If you wish to transfer more than one file or longer files, press the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key. The TNC then copies the file in the background. To stop transfer, press the TNC soft key. The standard file manager window is displayed again. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Selecting one of the last 10 files selected Call the file manager. Display the last 10 files selected: Press the LAST FILES soft key. Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to select: Move the highlight up or down. To select the file: Press the SELECT soft key or the ENT key.
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  Converting an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format Call the file manager. Use the arrow keys or the arrow soft keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to convert: Moves the highlight up or down file by file in the window.
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  Protect file / Cancel file protection Call the file manager. Use the arrow keys or arrow soft keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to protect or whose protection you wish to cancel: Moves the highlight up or down file by file in the window.
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  AUFTR1 the directory NCPROG was created and the part program PROG1.H was copied into it. The part program now has the A35K941 following path: TNC:AUFTR1NCPROGPROG1.H ZYLM The chart at right illustrates an example of a directory display with TESTPROG different paths. HUBER KAR25T HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Display the last 10 files that were selected Erase a file or directory Tag a file Renaming a file Convert an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format Protect a file against editing and erasure Cancel file protection Network drive management (Ethernet option…
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  Program is selected in the Test Run mode of operation. Program is selected in a program run operating mode. File is protected against editing and erasure. DATE Date the file was last changed TIME Time the file was last changed HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Selecting drives, directories and files Call the file manager. With the arrow keys or the soft keys, you can move the highlight to the desired position on the screen: Move the highlight from the left to the right window, and vice versa. Moves the highlight up and down within a window Moves the highlight one page up or down within a window…
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  Move the highlight in the left window to the directory in which you want to create a subdirectory. Enter the new file name, and confirm with ENT. Create NEW directory? Press the YES soft key to confirm, or Abort with the NO soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Copying a single file Move the highlight to the file you wish to copy. Press the COPY soft key to select the copying function. Enter the name of the destination file and confirm your entry with the ENT key or EXECUTE soft key: The TNC copies the file into the active directory.
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  Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the file you wish to select: Moves the highlight up and down within a window Select a drive: Press the SELECT soft key or the ENT key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Deleting a file Move the highlight to the file you want to delete. To select the erasing function, press the DELETE soft key. The TNC inquires whether you really intend to erase the file. To confirm, press the YES soft key; To abort erasure, press the NO soft key.
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  You can tag several files in this way, as desired. To copy the tagged files, press the COPY TAG soft key, or Delete the tagged files by pressing END to end the marking function, and then the DELETE to delete the tagged files. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  The file now has status P. To cancel file protection, proceed in the same way using the UNPROTECT soft key. Converting an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format Move the highlight to the file you want to convert. To select the additional functions, press the MORE FUNCTIONS soft key.
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  Transfer a single file: Press the COPY soft key, or Transfer several files: Press the TAG soft key (in the second soft-key row, see “Tagging files,” page 57), Transfer all files: Press the TNC => EXT soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Confirm with the EXECUTE or with the ENT key. A status window appears on the TNC, informing about the copying progress, or If you wish to transfer more than one file or longer files, press the PARALLEL EXECUTE soft key. The TNC then copies the file in the background.
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  Automatically establish network connection whenever the TNC is switched on. The TNC shows an A in the Auto column if the connection is established automatically. Do not establish network connection automatically when the TNC is switched on. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  It may take some time to mount a network device. At the upper right of the screen the TNC displays[READ DIR] to indicate that a connection is being established. The maximum data transmission rate lies between 200 and 1000 kilobaud, depending on the file type being transmitted.
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  4.5 Creating and Writing Programs Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN conversational format. A part program consists of a series of program blocks. The figure at right illustrates the elements of a block. The TNC numbers the blocks in ascending sequence.
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  Creating a new part program You always enter a part program in the Programming and Editing mode of operation. Program initiation in an example: Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation. To call the file manager, press the PGM MGT key. Select the directory in which you wish to store the new program File name = OLD.H Enter the new program name and confirm your entry…
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  Working spindle axis X/Y/Z by pressing the DEL key! The TNC can display the graphic only if the ratio of the short side to the long sides of the BLK FORM is greater than 1:64! HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Programming tool movements in conversational format To program a block, initiate the dialog by pressing a function key. In the screen headline, the TNC then asks you for all the information necessary to program the desired function. Example of a dialog Dialog initiation Coordinates ? Enter the target coordinate for the X axis.
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  Move from one block to the next Select individual words in a block Function Set the selected word to zero Erase an incorrect number Clear a (non-blinking) error message Delete the selected word Delete the selected block HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Function Erase cycles and program sections: First select the last block of the cycle or program section to be erased, then erase with the DEL key. Inserting blocks at any desired location Select the block after which you want to insert a new block and initiate the dialog.
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  To insert the block: Press the INSERT BLOCK soft key. Function Soft key Switch on marking function Switch off marking function Delete marked block Insert block that is stored in the buffer memory Copy marked block HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  4.6 Interactive Programming Graphics To generate/not generate graphics during programming: While you are writing the part program, you can have the TNC generate a 2-D pencil-trace graphic of the programmed contour. To switch the screen layout to displaying program blocks to the left and graphics to the right, press the SPLIT SCREEN key and PGM + GRAPHICS soft key.
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  Enlarge the frame overlay — press and hold the soft key to magnify the detail Confirm the selected area with the WINDOW DETAIL soft key. With the WINDOW BLK FORM soft key, you can restore the original section. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  4.7 Structuring Programs Definition and applications This TNC function enables you to comment part programs in structuring blocks. Structuring blocks are short texts with up to 244 characters and are used as comments or headlines for the subsequent program lines. With the aid of appropriate structuring blocks, you can organize long and complex programs in a clear and comprehensible way.
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  Select the block after which the comment is to be inserted. Initiate the programming dialog with the semicolon key “;” on the alphabetic keyboard. Enter your comment and conclude the block by pressing the END key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  4.9 Creating Text Files Function You can use the TNC’s text editor to write and edit texts. Typical applications: Recording test results Documenting working procedures Creating formularies Text files are type .A files (ASCII files). If you want to edit other types of files, you must first convert them into type .A files.
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  The line in which the cursor is presently located is depicted in a different color. A line can have up to 77 characters. To start a new line, press the RET key or the ENT key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Erasing and inserting characters, words and lines With the text editor, you can erase words and even lines, and insert them at any desired location in the text. Move the cursor to the word or line you wish to erase and insert at a different place in the text.
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  To select the search function, press the FIND soft key. The TNC displays the dialog prompt Find text: Enter the text that you wish to find. To find the text, press the EXECUTE soft key. To leave the search function, press the END soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  4.10 Integrated Pocket Calculator Operation The TNC features an integrated pocket calculator with the basic mathematical functions. With the CALC key you can open and close an additional window for calculations. You can move the window to any desired location on the TNC screen with the arrow keys.
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  The TNC displays the Help text automatically if the error message is flashing. The TNC needs to be restarted after blinking error messages. To restart the TNC, press the END key and hold for two seconds. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  4.12 Pallet Management Application Pallet table management is a machine-dependent function. The standard functional range will be described in the following. Refer to your machine manual for more information. Pallet tables are used for machining centers with pallet changer: The pallet table calls the part programs that are required for the different pallets, and activates datum shifts or datum tables.
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  Delete the last line in the table Go to the beginning of the next line Add the entered number of lines to the end of the table Copy the highlighted field (2nd soft-key row) Insert the copied field (2nd soft-key row) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Selecting a pallet table Call the file manager in the Programming and Editing or Program Run mode: Press the PGM MGT key. Display all type .P files: Press the soft keys SELECT TYPE and SHOW .P. Select a pallet table with the arrow keys, or enter a new file name to create a new table.
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  Press the OPEN PGM soft key: The TNC displays the selected program on the screen. You can now page through the program with the arrow keys. To return to the pallet table, press the END PGM soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  4.13 Pallet Operation with Tool- Oriented Machining Application Pallet management in combination with tool-oriented machining is a machine-dependent function. The standard functional range will be described in the following. Refer to your machine manual for more information. Pallet tables are used for machining centers with pallet changer: The pallet table calls the part programs that are required for the different pallets, and activates datum shifts or datum tables.
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  FN18 ID510 NR 5 can be used to determine if a value was programmed in the column. The positions entered are only approached if these values are read and correspondingly programmed in the NC macros. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  CTID (entered by the TNC): The context ID number is assigned by the TNC and contains instructions about the machining progress. Machining cannot be resumed if the entry is deleted or changed. Editing function in table mode Soft key Select beginning of table Select end of table Select previous page in table Select next page in table…
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  Select standard workpiece view Select detailed workpiece view Insert pallet Insert fixture Insert workpiece Delete pallet Delete fixture Delete workpiece Copy all fields to clipboard Copy highlighted field to clipboard Insert the copied field Delete clipboard contents HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Editing function in entry-form mode Soft key Tool-optimized machining Workpiece-optimized machining Connecting or separating the types of machining Mark plane as being empty Mark plane as being unmachined 4 Programming: Fundamentals of NC, File Management, Programming Aids, Pallet Management…
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  The current plane is highlighted in the status line of the entry form. When you switch to table view with the screen layout button, the cursor is placed in the same plane as it was in the form view. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Setting up the pallet plane Pallet Id: The pallet name is displayed Method: You can choose between the WORKPIECE ORIENTED and TOOL ORIENTED machining methods. The selected method is assumed for the workpiece plane and overwrites any existing entries. In tabular view, WORKPIECE ORIENTED appears as WPO, and TOOL ORIENTED appears as TO.
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  NC macros. SYSREAD FN18 ID510 NR 5 can be used to determine if a value was programmed in the column. The positions entered are only approached if these values are read and correspondingly programmed in the NC macros. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  Setting up the workpiece plane Workpiece: The number of the workpiece is displayed. The number of workpieces within this fixture plane is shown after the slash. Method: You can choose between the WORKPIECE ORIENTED and TOOL ORIENTED machining methods. In tabular view, entry WORKPIECE ORIENTED appears as WPO, and TOOL ORIENTED appears as TO.
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  The entry in the CTID field is updated after every machining step. If an END PGM or M02 is executed in an NC program, then an existing entry is deleted and ENDED is entered in the Machining Status field. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  If the entries TO or CTO for all workpieces within a group contain the status ENDED, the next lines in the pallet file are run. In mid-program startup, only one tool-oriented machining is possible. Following pieces are machined according to the method entered.
• Page 121
  Press the OPEN PGM soft key: The TNC displays the selected program on the screen. You can now page through the program with the arrow keys. To return to the pallet table, press the END PGM soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 123: Programming: Tools

  Programming: Tools…

• Page 124
  5.1 Entering Tool-Related Data Feed rate F The feed rate F is the speed (in millimeters per minute or inches per minute) at which the tool center moves. The maximum feed rates can be different for the individual axes and are set in machine parameters. Input You can enter the feed rate in the TOOL CALL block and in every positioning block (see “Creating the program blocks with the path…
• Page 125
  Determining the length L with a tool presetter Enter the determined value directly in the TOOL DEF tool definition block or in the tool table without further calculations. Tool radius R You can enter the tool radius R directly. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 126
  Delta values for lengths and radii Delta values are offsets in the length and radius of a tool. A positive delta value describes a tool oversize (DL, DR, DR2>0). If you are programming the machining data with an allowance, enter the oversize value in the TOOL CALL block of the part program.
• Page 127
  Number of a replacement tool (RT), if available (see also TIME2) Replacement tool? TIME1 Maximum tool life in minutes. This function can vary depending Maximum tool age? on the individual machine tool. Your machine manual provides more information on TIME1. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 128
  Abbr. Input Dialog TIME2 Maximum tool life in minutes during TOOL CALL: If the current Maximum tool age for TOOL CALL? tool age exceeds this value, the TNC changes the tool during the next TOOL CALL (see also CUR.TIME). CUR.TIME Time in minutes the tool has been in use: The TNC automatically Current tool life? counts the current tool age.
• Page 129
  .T . To open the tool table TOOL.T: Select any machine operating mode. To select the tool table, press the TOOL TABLE soft key. Set the EDIT soft key to ON. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 130
  To open any other tool table: Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation. Call the file manager. To select the file type, press the SELECT TYPE soft key. To show type .T files, press the SHOW .T soft key. Select a file or enter a new file name.
• Page 131
  The file to be copied must contain only the columns (or lines) you want to replace. To copy individual columns or lines, press the REPLACE FIELDS soft key(see “Copying a single file” on page 54). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 132
  Pocket table for tool changer For automatic tool changing you need the pocket table TOOL_P.TCH. The TNC can manage several pocket tables with any file names. To activate a specific pocket table for program run you must select it in the file management of a Program Run mode of operation (status M).
• Page 133
  TNC to calculate the spindle speed if you are working with cutting data tables. Press the S CALCULATE AUTOMAT. soft key. The TNC limits the spindle speed to the maximum value set in MP 3515. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 134
  Feed rate F: Enter the feed rate directly or allow the TNC to calculate the feed rate if you are working with cutting data tables. Press the F CALCULATE AUTOMAT. soft key. The TNC limits the feed rate to the maximum feed rate of the longest axis (set in MP 1010).
• Page 135
  TOOL CALL block. If DR is positive, the TNC displays an error message and does not replace the tool. You can suppress this message with the M function M107, and reactivate it with M108. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 136
  5.3 Tool Compensation Introduction The TNC adjusts the spindle path in the tool axis by the compensation value for the tool length. In the working plane, it compensates the tool radius. If you are writing the part program directly on the TNC, the tool radius compensation is effective only in the working plane.
• Page 137
  (not taken into account by the position display). is the oversize for radius DR in the tool table Contouring without radius compensation: R0 The tool center moves in the working plane to the programmed path or coordinates. Applications: Drilling and boring, pre-positioning. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 138
  Tool movements with radius compensation: RR and RL The tool moves to the right of the programmed contour The tool moves to the left of the programmed contour The tool center moves along the contour at a distance equal to the radius.
• Page 139
  Machining corners without radius compensation If you program the tool movement without radius compensation, you can change the tool path and feed rate at workpiece corners with the miscellaneous function M90, See “Smoothing corners: M90,” page 181. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 140
  5.4 Three-Dimensional Tool Compensation Introduction The TNC can carry out a three-dimensional tool compensation (3-D compensation) for straight-line blocks. Apart from the X, Y and Z coordinates of the straight-line end point, these blocks must also contain the components NX, NY and NZ of the surface-normal vector (see figure above right and explanation further down on this page).
• Page 141
  The ratio of R to R2 determines the shape of the tool: R2 = 0: End mill R2 = R: ball-nose cutter. 0 < R2 < R: Toroid cutter These data also specify the coordinates of the tool datum PT. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 142
  Using other tools: Delta values If you want to use tools that have different dimensions than the ones you originally programmed, you can enter the difference between the tool lengths and radii as delta values in the tool table or TOOL CALL: Positive delta value DL, DR, DR2: The tool is larger than the original tool (oversize).
• Page 143
  The feed rate F and miscellaneous function M can be entered and changed in the Programming and Editing mode of operation. The coordinates of the straight-line end point and the components of the surface-normal vectors are to be defined by the CAD system. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 144
  Peripheral milling: 3-D radius compensation with workpiece orientation The TNC displaces the tool perpendicular to the direction of movement and perpendicular to the tool direction by the sum of the delta values DR (tool table and TOOL CALL). Determine the compensation direction with radius compensation RL/RR (see figure at upper right, traverse direction Y+).
• Page 145
  1 L X+31.737 Y+21.954 Z+33.165 B+12.357 C+5.896 F1000 M128 Straight line X, Y, Z: Compensated coordinates of the straight-line end point B, C: Coordinates of the rotary axes for tool orientation Feed rate Miscellaneous function HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 146
  5.5 Working with Cutting Data Tables Note The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for the use of cutting data tables. Some functions or additional functions described here may not be provided on your machine tool. Refer to your machine manual.
• Page 147
  Otherwise your changes will be overwritten during a software update by the HEIDENHAIN standard data. Define the path in the TNC.SYS file with the code word WMAT= (see “Configuration file TNC.SYS,” page 126).
• Page 148
  Otherwise your changes will be overwritten during a software update by the HEIDENHAIN standard data. Define the path in the TNC.SYS file with the code word TMAT= (see “Configuration file TNC.SYS,” page 126).
• Page 149
  CDT In the tool table, select the tool type, tool cutting material and the name of the cutting data table via soft key (see “Tool table: Tool data for automatic speed/feed rate calculations.,” page 103). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 150
  Working with automatic speed/feed rate calculation 1 If it has not already been entered, enter the type of workpiece material in the file WMAT.TAB 2 If it has not already been entered, enter the type of cutting material in the file TMAT.TAB. 3 If not already entered, enter all of the required tool-specific data in the tool table: Tool radius…
• Page 151
  N: Numerical input C: Alphanumeric input WIDTH Width of column For type Nincluding algebraic sign, comma, and decimalplaces Number of decimal places (max. 4, effective only for type N) ENGLISH Language-dependent dialogs (max. 32 characters) HUNGARIAN HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 152
  Data transfer from cutting data tables If you output a file type .TAB or .CDT via an external data interface, the TNC also transfers the structural definition of the table. The structural definition begins with the line #STRUCTBEGIN and ends with the line #STRUCTEND.

• Page 153: Programming: Programming Contours

  Programming: Programming Contours…

• Page 154
  6.1 Tool movements Path functions A workpiece contour is usually composed of several contour elements such as straight lines and circular arcs. With the path functions, you can program the tool movements for straight lines and circular arcs. FK Free Contour Programming If a production drawing is not dimensioned for NC and the dimensions given are not sufficient for creating a part program, you can program the workpiece contour with the FK free contour programming and…
• Page 155
  The tool retains the Z coordinate and moves in the XY plane to the position X=70, Y=50 (see figure at center right). Three-dimensional movement The program block contains three coordinates. The TNC thus moves the tool in space to the programmed position. Example: L X+80 Y+0 Z-10 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 156
  Entering more than three coordinates The TNC can control up to 5 axes simultaneously. Machining with 5 axes, for example, moves 3 linear and 2 rotary axes simultaneously. Such programs are too complex to program at the machine, however, and are usually created with a CAD system. Example: L X+20 Y+10 Z+2 A+15 C+6 R0 F100 M3 The TNC graphics cannot simulate movements in more…
• Page 157
  ENT. For programming in inches, enter 100 for a feed rate of 10 ipm. Move at rapid traverse: press the FMAX soft key, or Move at automatically calculated speed (cutting data table): press the FAUTO soft key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 158
  Miscellaneous function M ? Enter a miscellaneous function (here, M3), and terminate the dialog with ENT. The part program now contains the following line: L X+10 Y+5 RL F100 M3 6 Programming: Programming Contours…
• Page 159
  If the APPR block also contains a Z axis coordinate, the TNC will first move the tool to P in the working plane, and then move it to the entered depth in the tool axis. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 160
  End point P The position P lies outside of the contour and results from your input in the DEP block. If the DEP block also contains a Z axis coordinate, the TNC will first move the tool to P in the working plane, and then move it to the entered depth in the tool axis.
• Page 161
  7 L X+40 Y+10 RO FMAX M3 with radius comp. RR 8 APPR LN X+10 Y+20 Z-10 LEN15 RR F100 9 L X+20 Y+35 End point of the first contour element 10 L … Next contour element HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 162
  Approaching on a circular path with tangential connection: APPR CT The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point P to an auxiliary point P . It then moves to the first contour point P following a circular arc that is tangential to the first contour element. The arc from P to P is determined through the radius R and the…
• Page 163
  23 L Y+20 RR F100 Last contour element: P with radius compensation 24 DEP LN LEN+20 F100 Depart perpendicular to contour by LEN=20 mm 25 L Z+100 FMAX M2 Retract in Z, return to block 1, end program HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 164
  Departure on a circular path with tangential connection: DEP CT The tool moves on a circular arc from the last contour point P to the end point P . The arc is tangentially connected to the last contour element. Program the last contour element with the end point P and radius compensation.
• Page 165
  Circular arc with tangential connection to the preceding and subsequent contour elements FK Free Contour Straight line or circular path with see “Path Contours—FK Free Programming any connection to the preceding Contour Programming,” page contour element HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 166
  Straight line L The TNC moves the tool in a straight line from its current position to the straight-line end point. The starting point is the end point of the preceding block. Coordinates of the end point of the straight line Further entries, if necessary: Radius compensation RL/RR/R0 Feed rate F…
• Page 167
  The corner point is cut off by the chamfer and is not part of the contour. A feed rate programmed in the CHF block is effective only in that block. After the CHF block, the previous feed rate becomes effective again. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 168
  Corner rounding RND The RND function is used for rounding off corners. The tool moves on an arc that is tangentially connected to both the preceding and subsequent contour elements. The rounding arc must be large enough to accommodate the tool. Rounding-off radius: Enter the radius Further entries, if necessary: Feed rate F (only effective in RND block)
• Page 169
  The only effect of CC is to define a position as circle center: The tool does not move to this position. The circle center is also the pole for polar coordinates. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 170
  Circular path C around circle center CC Before programming a circular path C, you must first enter the circle center CC. The last programmed tool position before the C block is used as the circle starting point. Move the tool to the circle starting point. Coordinates of the circle center Coordinates of the arc end point Direction of rotation DR…
• Page 171
  10 L X+40 Y+40 RL F200 M3 11 CR X+70 Y+40 R+20 DR- (arc 1) 11 CR X+70 Y+40 R+20 DR+ (arc 2) 11 CR X+70 Y+40 R-20 DR- (arc 3) 11 CR X+70 Y+40 R-20 DR+ (arc 4) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 172
  The distance from the starting and end points of the arc diameter cannot be greater than the diameter of the arc. The maximum radius is 99.9999 m. You can also enter rotary axes A, B and C. Circular path CT with tangential connection The tool moves on an arc that starts at a tangent with the previously programmed contour element.
• Page 173
  Move to last contour point 1, second straight line for corner 4 L X+5 Depart the contour on a straight line with tangential connection DEP LT LEN10 F1000 Retract in the tool axis, end program L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 END PGM LINEAR MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 174
  Example: Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates BEGIN PGM CIRCULAR MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define blank form for graphic workpiece simulation BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+10 Define tool in the program TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Call tool in the spindle axis and with the spindle speed S L Z+250 R0 F MAX…
• Page 175
  Move to last contour point 1 DEP LCT X-20 Y-20 R5 F1000 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program END PGM CIRCULAR MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 176
  Example: Full circle with Cartesian coordinates BEGIN PGM C-CC MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+12.5 Define the tool TOOL CALL 1 Z S3150 Tool call CC X+50 Y+50 Define the circle center…
• Page 177
  CC. You can only define the pole CC in Cartesian coordinates. The pole CC remains in effect until you define a new pole CC. Example NC blocks 12 CC X+45 Y+25 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 178
  Straight line LP The tool moves in a straight line from its current position to the straight-line end point. The starting point is the end point of the preceding block. Polar coordinates radius PR: Enter the distance from the pole CC to the straight-line end point. 60°…
• Page 179
  Incremental total Number of revolutions times 360° + angle for angle IPA beginning of thread + angle for thread overrun Starting coordinate Z Pitch P times (thread revolutions + thread overrun at start of thread) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 180
  Shape of the helix The table below illustrates in which way the shape of the helix is determined by the work direction, direction of rotation and radius compensation. Work Radius Internal thread Direction direction comp. Right-handed Left-handed DR– Right-handed Z– Left-handed Z–…
• Page 181
  LP PA+180 Depart the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection DEP PLCT PR+60 PA+180 R5 F1000 Retract in the tool axis, end program L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 END PGM LINEARPO MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 182
  Example: Helix BEGIN PGM HELIX MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+5 Define the tool TOOL CALL 1 Z S1400 Tool call L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool L X+50 Y+50 R0 F MAX Pre-position the tool…
• Page 183
  Identify beginning of program section repeat CP IPA+360 IZ+1.5 DR+ F200 Enter the thread pitch as an incremental IZ dimension CALL LBL 1 REP 24 Program the number of repeats (thread revolutions) DEP CT CCA180 R+2 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 184
  FK programming is the most convenient programming method. If you wish to run FK programs on old TNC models, use the conversion function (see “Converting an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format,” page 47). The following prerequisites for FK programming…
• Page 185
  EDIT soft key to continue the FK dialog. The machine tool builder may use other colors for the FK graphics. NC blocks from a program that you called with PGM CALL are displayed in another color. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 186
  Initiating the FK dialog If you press the gray FK button, the TNC displays the soft keys you can use to initiate an FK dialog: See the following table. Press the FK button a second time to deselect the soft keys. If you initiate the FK dialog with one of these soft keys, the TNC shows additional soft-key rows that you can use for entering known coordinates, directional data and data regarding the course of the…
• Page 187
  FCT soft key: To display the soft keys for free contour programming, press the FK key. To initiate the dialog, press the FCT soft key. Enter all known data in the block by using the soft keys. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 188
  Input possibilities End point coordinates Known data Soft keys Cartesian coordinates X and Y 30° Polar coordinates referenced to FPOL Example NC blocks 7 FPOL X+20 Y+30 8 FL IX+10 Y+20 RR F100 9 FCT PR+15 IPA+30 DR+ R15 Direction and length of contour elements Known data Soft keys Length of a straight line…
• Page 189
  Circle center in polar coordinates Rotational direction of the arc Radius of the arc Example NC blocks 10 FC CCX+20 CCY+15 DR+ R15 11 FPOL X+20 Y+15 12 FL AN+40 13 FC DR+ R15 CCPR+35 CCPA+40 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 190
  Closed contours You can identify the beginning and end of a closed contour with the CLSD soft key. This reduces the number of possible solutions for the last contour element. Enter CLSD as an addition to another contour data entry in the first and last blocks of an FK section.
• Page 191
  N Polar coordinates relative to block N Example NC blocks 12 FPOL X+10 Y+10 13 FL PR+20 PA+20 14 FL AN+45 15 FCT IX+20 DR– R20 CCA+90 RX 13 16 FL IPR+35 PA+0 RPR 13 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 192
  Data relative to block N: Direction and distance of the contour element Known data Soft key Angle between a straight line and another element or between the entry tangent of the arc and another element Straight line parallel to another contour element 220°…
• Page 193
  Converting FK programs You can convert an FK program into HEIDENHAIN conversational format by using the file manager: Call the file manager and display the files. Move the highlight to the file you wish to convert. Press the soft keys MORE FUNCTIONS and then CONVERT FK->H.
• Page 194
  Example: FK programming 1 BEGIN PGM FK1 MM BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-20 Define the workpiece blank BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+10 Define the tool TOOL CALL 1 Z S500 Tool call L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool L X-20 Y+30 R0 F MAX…
• Page 195
  L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool L X+30 Y+30 R0 F MAX Pre-position the tool L Z+5 R0 F MAX M3 Pre-position the tool in the tool axis L Z-5 R0 F100 Move to working depth HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 196
  APPR LCT X+0 Y+30 R5 RR F350 Approach the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection FPOL X+30 Y+30 FK contour: FC DR- R30 CCX+30 CCY+30 Program all known data for each contour element FL AN+60 PDX+30 PDY+30 D10 FSELECT 3 FC DR- R20 CCPR+55 CCPA+60 FSELECT 2…
• Page 197
  Define the tool TOOL CALL 1 Z S4500 Tool call L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool L X-70 Y+0 R0 F MAX Pre-position the tool L Z-5 R0 F1000 M3 Move to working depth HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 198
  APPR CT X-40 Y+0 CCA90 R+5 RL F250 Approach the contour on a circular arc with tangential connection FC DR- R40 CCX+0 CCY+0 FK contour: Program all known data for each contour element FCT DR- R10 CCX+0 CCY+50 FCT DR+ R6 CCX+0 CCY+0 FCT DR+ R24 FCT DR+ R6 CCX+12 CCY+0 FSELECT 2…
• Page 199
  Spline parameters for Y axis K3Z+0.0015 K2Z-0.9549 K1Z+3.0875 Spline parameters for Z axis K3A+0.1283 K2A-0.141 K1A-0.5724 Spline parameters for A axis K3B+0.0083 K2B-0.413 E+2 K1B-1.5724 E+1 F10000 Spline parameters for B axis with exponential notation 9 … HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 200
  The TNC executes the spline block according to the following third- degree polynomials: X(t) = K3X · t + K2X · t + K1X · t + X Y(t) = K3Y · t + K2Y · t + K1Y · t + Y Z(t) = K3Z ·…

• Page 201: Programming: Miscellaneous Functions

  Programming: Miscellaneous functions…

• Page 202
  7.1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP Fundamentals With the TNC’s miscellaneous functions – also called M functions – you can affect: Program run, e.g., a program interruption Machine functions, such as switching spindle rotation and coolant supply on and off Contouring behavior of the tool The machine tool builder may add some M functions that are not described in this User’s Manual.
• Page 203
  Spindle ON clockwise Spindle ON counterclockwise Spindle STOP Tool change Spindle STOP Program run stop (dependent on machine parameter 7440) Coolant ON Coolant OFF Spindle ON clockwise Coolant ON Spindle ON counterclockwise Coolant ON Same as M02 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 204
  7.3 Miscellaneous Functions for Coordinate Data Programming machine-referenced coordinates: M91/M92 Scale reference point On the scale, a reference mark indicates the position of the scale reference point. Machine datum The machine datum is required for the following tasks: X (Z,Y) Defining the limits of traverse (software limit switches) Moving to machine-referenced positions (such as tool change positions)
• Page 205
  In order to be able to graphically simulate M91/M92 movements, you need to activate working space monitoring and display the workpiece blank referenced to the set datum see “Showing the workpiece in the working space,” page 435. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 206
  Activating the most recently entered datum: M104 Function When processing pallet tables, the TNC may overwrite your most recently entered datum with values from the pallet table. With M104 you can reactivate the original datum. Effect M104 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed. M104 becomes effective at the end of block.
• Page 207
  Example application: Surface consisting of a series of straight line segments. Effect M90 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed with M90. M90 becomes effective at the start of block. Operation with servo lag must be active. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 208
  Compatibility For reasons of compatibility, the M112 function is still available. However, to define the tolerance for fast contour milling, HEIDENHAIN recommends the use of the TOLERANCE cycle, see “Special Cycles,” page 337. Machining small contour steps: M97 Standard behavior The TNC inserts a transition arc at outside corners.
• Page 209
  If you enter M103 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog by asking you the factor F. Effect M103 becomes effective at the start of block. To cancel M103, program M103 once again without a factor. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 210
  Example NC blocks The feed rate for plunging is to be 20% of the feed rate in the plane. Actual contouring feed rate (mm/min): 17 L X+20 Y+20 RL F500 M103 F20 18 L Y+50 19 L IZ–2.5 20 L IY+5 IZ–5 21 L IX+50 22 L Z+5 Feed rate in millimeters per spindle revolution:…
• Page 211
  Use LA (Look Ahead) behind M120 to define the number of blocks (maximum: 99) that you want the TNC to calculate in advance. Note that the larger the number of blocks you choose, the higher the block processing time will be. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 212
  Input If you enter M120 in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog for this block by asking you the number of blocks LA that are to be calculated in advance. Effect M120 must be located in an NC block that also contains radius compensation RL or RR.
• Page 213
  M118 is always effective in the original coordinate system, even if the working plane is tilted! M118 also functions in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation! If M118 is active, the MANUAL OPERATION function is not available after a program interruption! HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 214
  Retraction from the contour in the tool-axis direction: M140 Standard behavior In the program run modes, the TNC moves the tool as defined in the part program. Behavior with M104 With M140 MB (move back) you can enter a path in the direction of the tool axis for departure from the contour.
• Page 215
  M141 functions only for movements with straight-line blocks. Effect M141 is effective only in the block in which it is programmed. M141 becomes effective at the start of the block. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 216
  Delete modal program information: M142 Standard behavior The TNC resets modal program information in the following situations: Select a new program Execute a miscellaneous function M02, M30, or an END PGM block (depending on machine parameter 7300) Defining cycles for basic behavior with a new value Behavior with M142 All modal program information except for basic rotation, 3-D rotation and Q parameters are reset.
• Page 217
  TNC should consider the difference between nominal and actual position, or whether the TNC should always (even without M126) choose the shortest path traverse to the programmed position. Examples: Actual position Nominal position Traverse 350° 10° –340° 10° 340° +330° HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 218
  Behavior with M126 With M126, the TNC will move the axis on the shorter path of traverse if you reduce display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360°. Examples: Actual position Nominal position Traverse 350° 10° +20° 10°…
• Page 219
  M114 is not effective when tool radius compensation is active. To cancel M114, enter M115. At the end of program, M114 is automatically canceled. The machine geometry must be entered in machine parameters 7510 ff. by the machine tool builder. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 220
  Maintaining the position of the tool tip when positioning with tilted axes (TCPM*): M128 Standard behavior The TNC moves the tool to the positions given in the part program. If the position of a tilted axis changes in the program, the resulting offset in the linear axes must be calculated and traversed in a positioning block (see figure with M114).
• Page 221
  The machine geometry must be entered in machine parameters 7510 ff. by the machine tool builder. Example NC blocks Moving at 1000 mm/min to compensate a radius. L X+0 Y+38.5 RL F125 M128 F1000 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 222
  Exact stop at corners with nontangential transitions: M134 Standard behavior The standard behavior of the TNC during positioning with rotary axes is to insert a transitional element in nontangential contour transitions. The contour of the transitional element depends on the acceleration, the rate of acceleration (jerk), and the defined tolerance for contour deviation.
• Page 223
  The machine geometry must be entered in machine parameters 7502 and following by the machine tool builder. The machine tool builder determines the behavior in the automatic and manual operating modes. Refer to your machine manual. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 224
  7.6 Miscellaneous Functions for Laser Cutting Machines Principle The TNC can control the cutting efficiency of a laser by transferring voltage values through the S-analog output. You can influence laser efficiency during program run through the miscellaneous functions M200 to M204. Entering miscellaneous functions for laser cutting machines If you enter an M function for laser cutting machines in a positioning block, the TNC continues the dialog by asking you the required…
• Page 225
  The TNC outputs a programmed voltage as a pulse with a programmed duration TIME. Input range Voltage V: 0 to 9.999 Volt TIME: 0 to 1.999 seconds Effect M204 remains in effect until a new voltage is output through M200, M201, M202, M203 or M204. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 227: Programming: Cycles

  Programming: Cycles…

• Page 228
  8.1 Working with Cycles Frequently recurring machining cycles that comprise several working steps are stored in the TNC memory as standard cycles. Coordinate transformations and other special cycles are also provided as standard cycles (see table on next page). Fixed cycles with numbers 200 and over use Q parameters as transfer parameters.
• Page 229
  (e.g. Q210) directly in such cases. In order to be able to run cycles 1 to 17 on older TNC models, you must program an additional negative sign before the values for safety clearance and plunging depth. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 230
  Calling a cycle Prerequisites The following data must always be programmed before a cycle call BLK FORM for graphic display (needed only for test graphics) Tool call Direction of spindle rotation (M functions M3/M4) Cycle definition (CYCL DEF). For some cycles, additional prerequisites must be observed.
• Page 231
  X, Y or Z. Exceptions: You program secondary axes for the side lengths in cycles 3 SLOT MILLING and 4 POCKET MILLING. You program secondary axes in the contour geometry subprogram of an SL cycle. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
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  8.2 Point Tables Function You should create a point table whenever you want to run a cycle, or several cycles in sequence, on an irregular point pattern. If you are using drilling cycles, the coordinates of the working plane in the point table represent the hole centers.
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  Enter the name of the point table and confirm your entry with the ENT key. If the point table is not stored in the same directory as the NC program, you must enter the complete path. Example NC block SEL PATTERN “TNC:DIRKT5MUST35.PNT” HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 234
  Calling a cycle in connection with point tables With CYCL CALL PAT the TNC runs the points table that you last defined (even if you have defined the point table in a program that was nested with CALL PGM. The TNC uses the coordinate in the spindle axis as the clearance height, where the tool is located during cycle call.
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  204 BACK BORING With automatic pre-positioning, 2nd set-up clearance 205 UNIVERSAL PECKING With automatic pre-positioning, 2nd set-up clearance, chip breaking, and advanced stop distance 208 BORE MILLING With automatic pre-positioning, 2nd set-up clearance HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 236
  Cycle Soft key 2 TAPPING With a floating tap holder 17 RIGID TAPPING Without a floating tap holder 18 THREAD CUTTING 206 TAPPING NEW With a floating tap holder, with automatic pre- positioning, 2nd set-up clearance 207 RIGID TAPPING NEW Without a floating tap holder, with automatic pre- positioning, 2nd set-up clearance 209 TAPPING W/ CHIP BRKG…
• Page 237
  L X+30 Y+20 FMAX M3 Feed rate F: Traversing speed of the tool during L Z+2 FMAX M99 drilling in mm/min L X+80 Y+50 FMAX M99 L Z+100 FMAX M2 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 238
  DRILLING (Cycle 200) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the set-up clearance above the workpiece surface. Q206 2 The tool drills to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed rate F. 3 The TNC returns the tool at FMAX to the setup clearance, dwells there (if a dwell time was entered), and then moves at FMAX to Q210…
• Page 239
  2nd set-up clearance Q204 (incremental value): Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece (clamping devices) can occur. Dwell time at depth Q211: Time in seconds that the tool remains at the hole bottom HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 240
  REAMING (Cycle 201) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed setup clearance above the workpiece surface. 2 The tool reams to the entered depth at the programmed feed rate F. Q206 3 If programmed, the tool remains at the hole bottom for the entered dwell time.
• Page 241
  13 CYCL CALL 2nd set-up clearance Q204 (incremental value): 14 L X+80 Y+50 FMAX M9 Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece (clamping devices) can 15 L Z+100 FMAX M2 occur. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 242
  BORING (Cycle 202) Machine and control must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for use of this cycle. Q206 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the set-up clearance above the workpiece surface. 2 The tool drills to the programmed depth at the feed rate for Q204 plunging.
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  Positioning with Manual Data Input mode of operation). Set the angle so that the tool tip is parallel to a coordinate axis. Angle for spindle orientation Q336 (absolute value): Angle at which the TNC positions the tool before retracting it. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 244
  UNIVERSAL DRILLING (Cycle 203) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed setup clearance above the workpiece surface. 2 The tool drills to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed Q206 Q208 rate F.
• Page 245
  If you enter Q208 = 0, the tool retracts at the feed rate in Q206. Retraction rate for chip breaking Q256 (incremental value): Value by which the TNC retracts the tool during chip breaking HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 246
  BACK BORING (Cycle 204) Machine and control must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for use of this cycle. Special boring bars for upward cutting are required for this cycle. This cycle allows holes to be bored from the underside of the workpiece.
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  Positioning with Manual Data Input mode of operation). Set the angle so that the tool tip is parallel to a coordinate axis. Select a disengaging direction in which the tool moves away from the edge of the hole. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 248
  Angle for spindle orientation Q336 (absolute value): Angle at which the TNC positions the tool before it is plunged into or retracted from the bore hole. UNIVERSAL PECKING (Cycle 205) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed setup clearance above the workpiece surface.
• Page 249
  Retraction rate for chip breaking Q256 (incremental value): Value by which the TNC retracts the tool during chip breaking Dwell time at depth Q211: Time in seconds that the tool remains at the hole bottom HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 250
  BORE MILLING (Cycle 208) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed set-up clearance above the workpiece surface and then moves the tool to the bore hole circumference on a rounded arc (if enough space is available). 2 The tool mills in a helix from the current position to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed rate.
• Page 251
  CYCL DEF 208 BORE MILLING as large as the tool diameter. Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q201=-80 ;DEPTH Q206=150 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q334=1.5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q203=+100 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=50 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q335=25 ;NOMINAL DIAMETER Q342=0 ;ROUGHING DIAMETER HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 252
  TAPPING with a floating tap holder (Cycle 2) 1 The tool drills to the total hole depth in one movement. 2 Once the tool has reached the total hole depth, the direction of spindle rotation is reversed and the tool is retracted to the starting position at the end of the dwell time.
• Page 253
  The feed rate override knob is active only within a limited range, which is defined by the machine tool builder (refer to your machine manual). For tapping right-hand threads activate the spindle with M3, for left-hand threads use M4. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 254
  Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip (at starting position) and workpiece surface. Standard value: approx. 4 times the thread pitch Total hole depth Q201 (thread length, incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and end of thread Feed rate F Q206: Traversing speed of the tool during tapping Dwell time at bottom Q211: Enter a value between 0 and 0.5 seconds to avoid wedging of the tool during…
• Page 255
  TNC will display the soft key MANUAL OPERATION. If you press the MANUAL OPERATION key, you can retract the tool under program control. Simply press the positive axis direction button of the active tool axis. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 256
  RIGID TAPPING without a floating tap holder TAPPING (Cycle 207) Machine and control must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for use of this cycle. The TNC cuts the thread without a floating tap holder in one or more passes.
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  If you press the MANUAL OPERATION key, you can retract the tool Q201=-20 ;DEPTH under program control. Simply press the positive axis direction button Q239=+1 ;THREAD PITCH of the active tool axis. Q203=+25 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=50 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 258
  THREAD CUTTING (Cycle 18) Machine and control must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for use of this cycle. Cycle 18 THREAD CUTTING is performed by means of spindle control. The tool moves with the active spindle speed from its current position to the entered depth.
• Page 259
  If the spindle speed override is used during tapping, the feed rate is automatically adjusted. The feed-rate override knob is disabled. At the end of the cycle the spindle comes to a stop. Before the next operation, restart the spindle with M3 (or M4). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 260
  Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip (at starting position) and workpiece surface Thread depth Q201 (incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and end of thread Pitch Q239 Pitch of the thread. The algebraic sign differentiates between right-hand and left-hand threads: += right-hand thread –= left-hand thread Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 (absolute…
• Page 261
  Internal thread Pitch Work direction Right-handed +1(RL) Left-handed – –1(RR) Right-handed –1(RR) Z– Left-handed – +1(RL) Z– Climb/Up- External thread Pitch Work direction Right-handed +1(RL) Z– Left-handed – –1(RR) Z– Right-handed –1(RR) Left-handed – +1(RL) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 262
  Danger of collision Always program the same algebraic sign for the infeeds: Cycles comprise several sequences of operation that are independent of each other. The order of precedence according to which the work direction is determined is described with the individual cycles. If you want to repeat specific machining operation of a cycle, for example with only the countersinking process, enter 0 for the thread depth.
• Page 263
  0 = one 360° helical path to the depth of thread 1 = continuous helical path over the entire length of the thread >1 = several helical paths with approach and departure; between them, the TNC offsets the tool by Q355, multiplied by the pitch HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 264
  Example: NC blocks Feed rate for pre-positioning Q253: Traversing speed of the tool when moving in and out of the 25 CYCL DEF 262 THREAD MILLING workpiece, in mm/min Q335=10 ;NOMINAL DIAMETER Climb or up-cut Q351: Type of milling operation with Q239=+1.5 ;PITCH +1 = climb milling Q201=-20…
• Page 265
  9 Then the tool moves tangentially on a helical path to the thread diameter and mills the thread with a 360° helical motion. 10 After this, the tool departs the contour tangentially and returns to the starting point in the working plane. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 266
  11 At the end of the cycle, the TNC retracts the tool in rapid traverse to set-up clearance or, if programmed, to the 2nd set-up clearance Before programming, note the following: Program a positioning block for the starting point (hole center) in the working plane with radius compensation R0.
• Page 267
  Countersinking offset at front Q359 (incremental value): Distance by which the TNC moves the tool center away from the hole center HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 268
  Example: NC blocks Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 (absolute value): Coordinate of the workpiece surface 25 CYCL DEF 263 THREAD MILLING/ 2nd set-up clearance Q204 (incremental value): COUNTERSINKING Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision Q335=10 ;NOMINAL DIAMETER between tool and workpiece (clamping devices) can occur.
• Page 269
  If you program a depth parameter to be 0, the TNC does not execute that step. Program the thread depth as a value smaller than the total hole depth by at least one-third the thread pitch. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 270
  Nominal diameter Q335: Nominal thread diameter Thread pitch Q239: Pitch of the thread. The algebraic sign differentiates between right-hand and left-hand threads: += right-hand thread – = left-hand thread Thread depth Q201 (incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and root of thread Total hole depth Q356 (incremental value): Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole Feed rate for pre-positioning Q253: Traversing…
• Page 271
  ;DEPTH FOR CHIP BRKNG Q256=0:2 ;DIST FOR CHIP BRKNG Q358=+0 ;DEPTH AT FRONT Q359=+0 ;OFFSET AT FRONT Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q203=+30 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=50 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q206=150 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q207=500 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 272
  HELICAL THREAD DRILLING/MILLING (Cycle 265) 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed setup clearance above the workpiece surface. Countersinking at front 2 If countersinking is before thread milling, the tool moves at the feed rate for countersinking to the sinking depth at front.
• Page 273
  Distance by which the TNC moves the tool center away from the hole center Countersink Q360: Execution of the chamfer 0 = before thread machining 1 = after thread machining Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 274
  Example: NC blocks Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 (absolute value): Coordinate of the workpiece surface CYCL DEF 265 HEL. THREAD DRLG/MLG 2nd set-up clearance Q204 (incremental value): Q335=10 ;NOMINAL DIAMETER Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece (clamping devices) can Q239=+1.5 ;PITCH occur.
• Page 275
  10 After this, the tool departs the contour tangentially and returns to the starting point in the working plane. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 276
  11 At the end of the cycle, the TNC retracts the tool in rapid traverse to set-up clearance, or — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance. Before programming, note the following: Program a positioning block for the starting point (stud center) in the working plane with radius compensation R0.
• Page 277
  Feed rate for pre-positioning Q253: Traversing speed of the tool when moving in and out of the workpiece, in mm/min Climb or up-cut Q351: Type of milling operation with +1 = climb milling –1 = up-cut milling HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 278
  Example: NC blocks Set-up clearance Q200 (incremental value): Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface CYCL DEF 267 OUTSIDE THREAD MLLNG Depth at front Q358 (incremental value): Distance Q335=10 ;NOMINAL DIAMETER between tool point and the top surface of the workpiece for countersinking at the front of the tool Q239=+1.5 ;PITCH Countersinking offset at front Q359 (incremental…
• Page 279
  6 CYCL DEF 200 DRILLING Define cycle Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q201=-15 ;DEPTH Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG Q202=5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP Q203=-10 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=20 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q211=0.2 ;DWELL TIME AT BOTTOM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 280
  L X+10 Y+10 R0 F MAX M3 Approach hole 1, spindle ON CYCL CALL Call the cycle L Y+90 R0 F MAX M99 Approach hole 2, call cycle L X+90 R0 F MAX M99 Approach hole 3, call cycle L Y+10 R0 F MAX M99 Approach hole 4, call cycle L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program…
• Page 281
  L X+20 Y+20 R0 F MAX Call subprogram 1 CALL LBL 1 Approach hole 2 L X+70 Y+70 R0 F MAX Call subprogram 1 CALL LBL 1 Retract tool, end of main program L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 282
  LBL 1 Subprogram 1: Thread cutting CYCL DEF 13.0 ORIENTATION Define the spindle angle (makes it possible to cut repeatedly) CYCL DEF 13.1 ANGLE 0 L M19 Orient the spindle (machine-specific M function) L IX-2 R0 F1000 Tool offset to prevent collision during tool infeed (dependent on core diameter and tool) L Z+5 R0 F MAX Pre-position in rapid traverse…
• Page 283
  3 SLOT MILLING Roughing/finishing cycle without automatic pre- positioning, vertical depth infeed 210 SLOT RECIP. PLNG Roughing/finishing cycle with automaticpre- positioning, with reciprocating plunge infeed 211 CIRCULAR SLOT Roughing/finishing cycle with automaticpre- positioning, with reciprocating plunge infeed HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 284
  POCKET MILLING (Cycle 4) 1 The tool penetrates the workpiece at the starting position (pocket center) and advances to the first plunging depth. 2 The cutter begins milling in the positive axis direction of the longer side (on square pockets, always starting in the positive Y direction) and then roughs out the pocket from the inside out.
• Page 285
  If Radius = 0 is entered, the pocket corners will be rounded with the radius of the cutter. Calculations: Stepover factor k = K x R is the overlap factor, preset in machine parameter 7430, and is the cutter radius HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 286
  POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 212) 1 The TNC automatically moves the tool in the tool axis to set-up clearance, or — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance, and subsequently to the center of the pocket. 2 From the pocket center, the tool moves in the working plane to the starting point for machining.
• Page 287
  TNC assumes that the corner radius is equal to the tool radius. Allowance in 1st axis Q221 (incremental value): Allowance for pre-positioning in the reference axis of the working plane referenced to the length of the pocket. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 288
  STUD FINISHING (Cycle 213) 1 The TNC moves the tool in the tool axis to set-up clearance, or — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance, and subsequently to the center of the stud. 2 From the stud center, the tool moves in the working plane to the starting point for machining.
• Page 289
  Corner radius Q220: Radius of the stud corner Allowance in 1st axis Q221 (incremental value): Allowance for pre-positioning in the reference axis of the working plane referenced to the length of the stud HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 290
  CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING (Cycle 5) 1 The tool penetrates the workpiece at the starting position (pocket center) and advances to the first plunging depth. 2 The tool subsequently follows a spiral path at the feed rate F — see figure at right. For calculating the stepover factor k, see Cycle 4 POCKET MILLING.see “POCKET MILLING (Cycle 4),”…
• Page 291
  19 CYCL DEF 5.2 DEPTH -12 20 CYCL DEF 5.3 PLNGNG 6 F80 21 CYCL DEF 5.4 RADIUS 35 22 CYCL DEF 5.5 F100 DR+ 23 L X+60 Y+50 FMAX M3 24 L Z+2 FMAX M99 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 292
  CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING (Cycle 214) 1 The TNC automatically moves the tool in the tool axis to set-up clearance, or — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance, and subsequently to the center of the pocket. 2 From the pocket center, the tool moves in the working plane to the starting point for machining.
• Page 293
  Enter the workpiece blank diameter to be less than the diameter of the finished part Finished part diameter Q223: Diameter of the finished pocket. Enter the diameter of the finished part to be greater than the workpiece blank diameter. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 294
  CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING (Cycle 215) 1 The TNC automatically moves the tool in the tool axis to set-up clearance, or — if programmed — to the 2nd set-up clearance, and subsequently to the center of the stud. 2 From the stud center, the tool moves in the working plane to the starting point for machining.
• Page 295
  Enter the workpiece blank diameter to be greater than the diameter of the finished part Diameter of finished part Q223: Diameter of the finished stud. Enter the diameter of the finished part to be less than the workpiece blank diameter. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 296
  SLOT MILLING (Cycle 3) Roughing process 1 The TNC moves the tool inward by the milling allowance (half the difference between the slot width and the tool diameter). From there it plunge-cuts into the workpiece and mills in the longitudinal direction of the slot.
• Page 297
  14 CYCL DEF 3.2 DEPTH -15 15 CYCL DEF 3.3 PLNGNG 5 F80 16 CYCL DEF 3.4 X50 17 CYCL DEF 3.5 Y15 18 CYCL DEF 3.6 F120 19 L X+16 Y+25 R0 FMAX M3 20 L Z+2 M99 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 298
  SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge- cut (Cycle 210) Before programming, note the following: The TNC automatically pre-positions the tool in the tool axis and working plane. During roughing the tool plunges into the material with a sideward reciprocating motion from one end of the slot to the other.
• Page 299
  Angle of rotation Q224 (absolute value): Angle by which the entire slot is rotated. The center of rotation lies in the center of the slot. Infeed for finishing Q338 (incremental value): Infeed per cut. Q338=0: Finishing in one infeed. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 300
  CIRCULAR SLOT (oblong hole) with reciprocating plunge-cut (Cycle 211) Roughing process 1 At rapid traverse, the TNC positions the tool in the tool axis to the 2nd set-up clearance and subsequently to the center of the right circle. From there, the tool is positioned to the programmed set-up clearance above the workpiece surface.
• Page 301
  Starting angle Q245 (absolute value): Enter the polar angle of the starting point Angular length Q248 (incremental value): Enter the angular length of the slot Infeed for finishing Q338 (incremental value): Infeed per cut. Q338=0: Finishing in one infeed. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 302
  Example: Milling pockets, studs and slots 90° 45° 0 BEGIN PGM C210 MM 1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Define the workpiece blank 2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 3 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+6 Define the tool for roughing/finishing 4 TOOL DEF 2 L+0 R+3 Define slotting mill 5 TOOL CALL 1 Z S3500…
• Page 303
  20 FN 0: Q245 = +225 New starting angle for slot 2 Call cycle for slot 2 21 CYCL CALL Retract in the tool axis, end program 22 L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 23 END PGM C210 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 304
  8.5 Cycles for Machining Hole Patterns Overview The TNC provides two cycles for machining hole patterns directly: Cycle Soft key 220 CIRCULAR PATTERN 221 LINEAR PATTERN You can combine Cycle 220 and Cycle 221 with the following fixed cycles: If you have to machine irregular hole patterns, use CYCL CALL PAT (see “Point Tables”…
• Page 305
  Q241=8 ;NR OF REPETITIONS will be clockwise. Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q203=+30 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=50 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q301=1 ;TRAVERSE TO CLEARANCE HEIGHT HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 306
  Stepping angle Q247 (incremental value): Angle between two machining operations on a pitch circle. If you enter an angle step of 0, the TNC will calculate the angle step from the starting and stopping angles and the number of pattern repetitions. If you enter a value other than 0, the TNC will not take the stopping angle into account.
• Page 307
  7 This process (6) is repeated until all machining operations in the second line have been executed. Q225 8 The tool then moves to the starting point of the next line. 9 All subsequent lines are processed in a reciprocating movement. Q204 Q200 Q203 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 308
  Example: NC blocks Starting point 1st axis Q225 (absolute value): Coordinate of the starting point in the reference axis CYCL DEF 221 CARTESIAN PATTRN of the working plane Q225=+15 ;STARTNG PNT 1ST AXIS Starting point 2nd axis Q226 (absolute value): Coordinate of the starting point in the minor axis of Q226=+15 ;STARTNG PNT 2ND AXIS…
• Page 309
  CYCL DEF 200 DRILLING Cycle definition: drilling Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q201=-15 ;DEPTH Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG Q202=4 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q210=0 ;DWELL TIME AT TOP Q203=+0 ;SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=0 ;2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q211=0.25 ;DWELL TIME AT BOTTOM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 310
  CYCL DEF 220 POLAR PATTERN Define cycle for circular pattern 1, CYCL 200 is called automatically, Q216=+30 ;CENTER IN 1ST AXIS Q200, Q203 and Q204 are effective as defined in Cycle 220. Q217=+70 ;CENTER IN 2ND AXIS Q244=50 ;PITCH CIRCLE DIA. Q245=+0 ;STARTING ANGLE Q246=+360 ;STOPPING ANGLE…
• Page 311
  With MP7420 you can determine where the tool is positioned at the end of Cycles 21 to 24. The machining data (such as milling depth, finishing allowance and setup clearance) are entered as CONTOUR DATA in Cycle 20. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 312
  Overview of SL cycles Cycle Soft key 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY (essential) 20 CONTOUR DATA (essential) 21 PILOT DRILLING (optional) 22 ROUGH-OUT (essential) 23 FLOOR FINISHING (optional) 24 SIDE FINISHING (optional) Enhanced cycles: Cycle Soft key 25 CONTOUR TRAIN 27 CYLINDER SURFACE 28 CYLINDER SURFACE slot milling 8 Programming: Cycles…
• Page 313
  Subprograms: Overlapping pockets The subsequent programming examples are contour subprograms that are called by Cycle 14 CONTOUR GEOMETRY in a main program. Pockets A and B overlap. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 314
  The TNC calculates the points of intersection S1 and S2 (they do not have to be programmed). The pockets are programmed as full circles. Subprogram 1: Pocket A 51 LBL 1 52 L X+10 Y+50 RR 53 CC X+35 Y+50 54 C X+10 Y+50 DR- 55 LBL 0 Subprogram 2: Pocket B…
• Page 315
  52 L X+60 Y+50 RR 53 CC X+35 Y+50 54 C X+60 Y+50 DR- 55 LBL 0 Surface B: 56 LBL 2 57 L X+90 Y+50 RR 58 CC X+65 Y+50 59 C X+90 Y+50 DR- 60 LBL 0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 316
  CONTOUR DATA (Cycle 20) Machining data for the subprograms describing the subcontours are entered in Cycle 20. Before programming, note the following: Cycle 20 is DEF active which means that it becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the part program. The algebraic sign for the cycle parameter DEPTH determines the working direction.
• Page 317
  CYCL DEF 21.0 PILOT DRILLING Feed rate for plunging Q11: Traversing speed in Q10=+5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH mm/min during drilling Q11=100 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Rough-out tool number Q13: Tool number of the Q13=1 ;ROUGH-OUT TOOL roughing mill HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 318
  ROUGH-OUT (Cycle 22) 1 The TNC positions the tool over the cutter infeed point, taking the allowance for side into account. 2 In the first plunging depth, the tool mills the contour from inside outward at the milling feed rate Q12. 3 The island contours (here: C/D) are cleared out with an approach toward the pocket contour (here: A/B).
• Page 319
  Feed rate for plunging: Traversing speed of the tool during penetration Feed rate for milling Q12: Traversing speed for milling Example: NC blocks CYCL DEF 23.0 FLOOR FINISHING Q11=100 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q12=350 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 320
  SIDE FINISHING (Cycle 24) The subcontours are approached and departed on a tangential arc. Each subcontour is finish-milled separately. Before programming, note the following: The sum of allowance for side (Q14) and the radius of the finish mill must be smaller than the sum of allowance for side (Q3, Cycle 20) and the radius of the rough mill.
• Page 321
  Position for tool retraction at the end of the cycle. Plunging depth Q10 (incremental value): Dimension by which the tool plunges in each infeed Feed rate for plunging Q11: Traversing speed of the tool in the tool axis HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 322
  Feed rate for milling Q12: Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane Climb or up-cut ? Up-cut = –1 Q15: Climb milling: Input value = +1 Up-cut milling: Input value = –1 To enable climb milling and up-cut milling alternately in several infeeds:Input value = 0 8 Programming: Cycles…
• Page 323
  The TNC checks whether the compensated and non- compensated tool paths lie within the display range of the rotary axis, which is defined in Machine Parameter 810.x. If the error message “Contour programming error” is output, set MP 810.x = 0. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 324
  Example: NC blocks Milling depth Q1 (incremental value): Distance between the cylindrical surface and the floor of the CYCL DEF 27.0 CYLINDER SURFACE contour Q1=-8 ;MILLING DEPTH Finishing allowance for side Q3 (incremental value): Finishing allowance in the plane of the unrolled Q3=+0 ;ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE cylindrical surface.
• Page 325
  The TNC checks whether the compensated and non- compensated tool paths lie within the display range of the rotary axis, which is defined in Machine Parameter 810.x. If the error message “Contour programming error” is output, set MP 810.x = 0. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 326
  Example: NC blocks Milling depth Q1 (incremental value): Distance between the cylindrical surface and the floor of the CYCL DEF 28.0 CYLINDER SURFACE contour Q1=-8 ;MILLING DEPTH Finishing allowance for side Q3 (incremental value): Finishing allowance in the plane of the unrolled Q3=+0 ;ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE cylindrical surface.
• Page 327
  Define general machining parameters Q1=-20 ;MILLING DEPTH Q2=1 ;TOOL PATH OVERLAP Q3=+0 ;ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE Q4=+0 ;ALLOWANCE FOR FLOOR Q5=+0 ;WORKPIECE SURFACE COORD. Q6=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q7=+100 ;CLEARANCE HEIGHT Q8=0.1 ;ROUNDING RADIUS Q9=-1 ;DIRECTION OF ROTATION HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 328
  CYCL DEF 22.0 ROUGH-OUT Cycle definition: Coarse roughing Q10=5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q11=100 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q12=350 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q18=0 ;COARSE ROUGHING TOOL Q19=150 ;RECIPROCATION FEED RATE CYCL CALL M3 Cycle call: Coarse roughing L Z+250 R0 F MAX M6 Tool change TOOL CALL 2 Z S3000 Tool call: fine roughing tool…
• Page 329
  Define general machining parameters Q1=-20 ;MILLING DEPTH Q2=1 ;TOOL PATH OVERLAP Q3=+0.5 ;ALLOWANCE FOR SIDE Q4=+0.5 ;ALLOWANCE FOR FLOOR Q5=+0 ;WORKPIECE SURFACE COORD. Q6=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE Q7=+100 ;CLEARANCE HEIGHT Q8=0.1 ;ROUNDING RADIUS Q9=-1 ;DIRECTION OF ROTATION HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 330
  10 CYCL DEF 21.0 PILOT DRILLING Cycle definition: Pilot drilling Q10=5 ;PLUNGING DEPTH Q11=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q13=2 ;ROUGH-OUT TOOL 11 CYCL CALL M3 Cycle call: Pilot drilling 12 L Z+250 R0 F MAX M6 Tool change 13 TOOL CALL 2 Z S3000 Call the tool for roughing/finishing 14 CYCL DEF 22.0 ROUGH-OUT Cycle definition: Rough-out…
• Page 331
  37 LBL 0 38 LBL 4 Contour subprogram 4: triangular right island 39 L X+65 Y+42 RL 40 L X+57 41 L X+65 Y+58 42 L X+73 Y+42 43 LBL 0 44 END PGM C21 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 332
  Example: Contour train 0 BEGIN PGM C25 MM 1 BLK FORM 0.1 Z X+0 Y+0 Z-40 Define the workpiece blank 2 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 3 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+10 Define the tool 4 TOOL CALL 1 Z S20004 Tool call 5 L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool…
• Page 333
  LBL 1 Contour subprogram L X+0 Y+15 RL L X+5 Y+20 CT X+5 Y+75 L Y+95 RND R7.5 L X+50 RND R7.5 L X+100 Y+80 LBL 0 END PGM C25 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 334
  Example: Cylinder surface Note: Cylinder centered on rotary table. Datum at center of rotary table 0 BEGIN PGM C27 MM 1 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+3.5 Define the tool 2 TOOL CALL 1 Y S2000 Call tool, tool axis is Y 3 L Y+250 R0 FMAX Retract the tool 4 L X+0 R0 FMAX…
• Page 335
  L C+40 Z+20 RL Data for the rotary axis are entered in mm (Q17=1) L C+50 RND R7.5 L Z+60 RND R7.5 L IC-20 RND R7.5 L Z+20 RND R7.5 L C+40 LBL 0 END PGM C27 MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 336
  8.7 Cycles for multipass milling Overview The TNC offers three cycles for machining the following surface types: Created by digitizing or with a CAD/CAM system Flat, rectangular surfaces Flat, oblique-angled surfaces Surfaces that are inclined in any way Twisted surfaces Cycle Soft key 30 RUN DIGITIZED DATA…
• Page 337
  CYCL DEF 30.3 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 in mm/min while milling. CYCL DEF 30.4 SET UP Miscellaneous function M: Optional entry of a miscellaneous function, for example M13 CYCL DEF 30.5 PLNGNG +5 F100 CYCL DEF 30.6 F350 M8 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 338
  MULTIPASS MILLING (Cycle 230) 1 From the current position in the working plane, the TNC positions the tool in rapid traverse FMAX to the starting point 1; the TNC moves the tool by its radius to the left and upward. 2 The tool then moves in FMAX in the tool axis to set-up clearance.
• Page 339
  ;STARTNG PNT 2ND AXIS Q227=+2.5 ;STARTNG PNT 2ND AXIS Q218=150 ;FIRST SIDE LENGTH Q219=75 ;SECOND SIDE LENGTH Q240=25 ;NUMBER OF CUTS Q206=150 ;FEED RATE FOR PLUNGING Q207=500 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLING Q209=200 ;STEPOVER FEED RATE Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 340
  RULED SURFACE (Cycle 231) 1 From the current position, the TNC positions the tool in a linear 3- D movement to the starting point 1. 2 The tool subsequently advances to the stopping point at the feed rate for milling. 3 From this point, the tool moves in rapid traverse FMAX by the tool diameter in the positive tool axis direction, and then back to starting point 1.
• Page 341
  3rd point in 2nd axis Q232 (absolute value): Q226 Coordinate of point in the minor axis of the working Q207 plane 3rd point in 3rd axis Q233 (absolute value): Coordinate of point in the tool axis HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 342
  Example: NC blocks 4th point in 1st axis Q234 (absolute value): Coordinate of point in the reference axis of the CYCL DEF 231 RULED SURFACE working plane Q225=+0 ;STARTNG PNT 1ST AXIS 4th point in 2nd axis Q235 (absolute value): Coordinate of point in the minor axis of the working Q226=+5…
• Page 343
  ;STARTNG PNT 2ND AXIS Q227=+35 ;STARTNG PNT 3RD AXIS Q218=100 ;FIRST SIDE LENGTH Q219=100 ;SECOND SIDE LENGTH Q240=25 ;NUMBER OF CUTS Q206=250 ;FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG Q207=400 ;FEED RATE FOR MILLNG Q209=150 ;STEPOVER FEED RATE Q200=2 ;SET-UP CLEARANCE HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 344
  L X+-25 Y+0 R0 F MAX M3 Pre-position near the starting point CYCL CALL Call the cycle L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program END PGM C230 MM 8 Programming: Cycles…
• Page 345
  Define cycles for basic behavior with a new value, such as scaling factor 1.0 Execute a miscellaneous function M02, M30, or an END PGM block (depending on machine parameter 7300) Select a new program Program miscellaneous function M142 Erasing modal program information HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 346
  DATUM SHIFT (Cycle 7) A datum shift allows machining operations to be repeated at various locations on the workpiece. Effect When the DATUM SHIFT cycle is defined, all coordinate data is based on the new datum. The TNC displays the datum shift in each axis in the additional status display.
• Page 347
  77 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Call a datum shift to the coordinates X=0; Y=0 etc. from a datum table 78 CYCL DEF 7.1 #5 Execute a datum shift to the coordinates X=0; Y=0 etc. directly with a cycle definition. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 348
  Selecting a datum table in the part program With the SEL TABLE function you select the table from which the TNC takes the datums: To select the functions for program call, press the PGM CALL key. Press the TOOL TABLE soft key. Enter the complete path name of the datum table and confirm your entry with the END key.
• Page 349
  The actual position values are referenced to the active (shifted) datum. All of the position values shown in the additional status display are referenced to the machine datum, whereby the TNC accounts for the manually set datum. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 350
  DATUM SETTING (Cycle 247) With the cycle DATUM SETTING, you can activate a datum defined in a datum table as the new datum. Effect After a DATUM SETTING cycle definition, all of the coordinate inputs and datum shifts (absolute and incremental) are referenced to the new datum.
• Page 351
  “jumps” to another location. If you mirror only one axis, the machining direction is reversed for the new machining cycles (cycles 2xx). The machining direction remains the same for older machining cycles, such as Cycle 4 POCKET MILLING. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 352
  Mirrored axis?: Enter the axis to be mirrored. You can mirror all axes, including rotary axes, except for the spindle axis and its auxiliary axes. You can enter up to three axes. Reset Program the MIRROR IMAGE cycle once again with NO ENT. Example: NC blocks CYCL DEF 8.0 MIRROR IMAGE CYCL DEF 8.1 X Y U…
• Page 353
  Example: NC blocks 12 CALL LBL1 13 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT 14 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+60 15 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+40 16 CYCL DEF 10.0 DREHUNG 17 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+35 18 CALL LBL1 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 354
  SCALING FACTOR (Cycle 11) The TNC can increase or reduce the size of contours within a program, enabling you to program shrinkage and oversize allowances. Effect The SCALING FACTOR becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the program. It is also effective in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation.
• Page 355
  Program the SCALING FACTOR cycle once again with a scaling factor of 1 for the same axis. Example: NC blocks 25 CALL LBL1 26 CYCL DEF 26.0 AXIS-SPEC. SCALING 27 CYCL DEF 26.1 X 1.4 Y 0.6 CCX+15 CCY+20 28 CALL LBL1 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 356
  WORKING PLANE (Cycle 19) The functions for tilting the working plane are interfaced to the TNC and the machine tool by the machine tool builder. With some swivel heads and tilting tables, the machine tool builder determines whether the entered angles are interpreted as coordinates of the tilt axes or as mathematical angles of a tilted plane.
• Page 357
  11 L X+25 Y+10 R0 FMAX Position the axis of rotation 12 L B+15 R0 F1000 Define the angle for calculation of the compensation 13 CYCL DEF 19.0 WORKING PLANE 14 CYCL DEF 19.1 B+15 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 358
  15 L Z+80 R0 FMAX Activate compensation for the tool axis 16 L X-7.5 Y-10 R0 FMAX Activate compensation for the working plane Position display in the tilted system On activation of Cycle 19, the displayed positions (ACTL and NOML) and the datum indicated in the additional status display are referenced to the tilted coordinate system.
• Page 359
  Reset Cycle 19 WORKING PLANE; program 0° for all tilt axes. Disable the WORKING PLANE function; redefine Cycle 19 and answer the dialog question with NO ENT. Reset datum shift if required. Position the tilt axes to the 0° position, if required. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 360
  Manually by touching the workpiece with the tool in the untilted coordinate system see “Datum Setting(Without a 3-D Touch Probe),” page 22 Automatically by using a HEIDENHAIN 3-D touch probe (see the new Touch Probe Cycles Manual, chapter 2) Automatically by using a HEIDENHAIN 3-D touch probe (see the…
• Page 361
  Return jump to LBL 10; execute the milling operation six times CALL LBL 10 REP 6/6 Reset the rotation CYCL DEF 10.0 DREHUNG CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+0 Reset the datum shift CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT CYCL DEF 7.1 X+0 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 362
  L Z+250 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program LBL 1 Subprogram 1: L X+0 Y+0 R0 F MAX Define milling operation L Z+2 R0 F MAX M3 L Z-5 R0 F200 L X+30 RL L IY+10 RND R5 L IX+20 L IX+10 IY-10…
• Page 363
  55 CYCL DEF 12.0 PGM CALL Call the program with 56 CYCL DEF 12.1 PGM TNC:KLAR35FK150.H CYCL CALL (separate block) or 57 L X+20 Y+50 FMAX M99 M99 (blockwise) or M89 (executed after every positioning block) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 364
  The control can control the machine tool spindle and rotate it to a given angular position. Oriented spindle stops are required for Tool changing systems with a defined tool change position Orientation of the transmitter/receiver window of HEIDENHAIN 3-D touch probes with infrared transmission Example: NC blocks Effect CYCL DEF 13.0 ORIENTATION…
• Page 365
  CYCL DEF 32.1 T0.05 You can reset Cycle 32 by defining it again and confirming the dialog question after the tolerance value with NO ENT. Resetting Cycle 32 reactivates the pre-set tolerance: Tolerance value: Permissible contour deviation in HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 367: Programming: Subprograms And Program Section Repeats

  Programming: Subprograms and Program Section Repeats…

• Page 368
  9.1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Subprograms and program section repeats enable you to program a machining sequence once and then run it as often as desired. Labels The beginnings of subprograms and program section repeats are marked in a part program by labels. A label is identified by a number between 1 and 254.
• Page 369
  Repeat REP: Ignore the dialog question with the NO ENT key. Repeat REP is used only for program section repeats. CALL LBL 0 is not permitted (label 0 is only used to mark the end of a subprogram). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 370
  9.3 Program Section Repeats Label LBL The beginning of a program section repeat is marked by the label LBL. 0 BEGIN PGM … The end of a program section repeat is identified by CALL LBL /REP. Operating sequence LBL1 1 The TNC executes the part program up to the end of the program section (CALL LBL /REP).
• Page 371
  TNC:ZW35ROUGHPGM1.H If you want to call an ISO program, enter the file type .I after the program name. You can also call a program with Cycle 12 PGM CALL. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 372
  9.5 Nesting Types of nesting Subprograms within a subprogram Program section repeats within a program section repeat Subprograms repeated Program section repeats within a subprogram Nesting depth The nesting depth is the number of successive levels in which program sections or subprograms can call further program sections or subprograms.
• Page 373
  4 Program section between block 35 and block 15 is repeated once (including the program section repeat between 20 and block 27). 5 Main program REPS is executed from block 36 to block 50 (end of program). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 374
  Repeating a subprogram Example NC blocks 0 BEGIN PGM SUBREP MM Beginning of program section repeat 1 10 LBL 1 Subprogram call 11 CALL LBL 2 12 CALL LBL 1 REP 2/2 The program section between this block and LBL1 (block 10) is repeated twice 19 L Z+100 R0 FMAX M2 Last block of the main program with M2…
• Page 375
  Tool call 5 L Z+250 R0 F MAX Retract the tool 6 L X-20 Y+30 R0 F MAX Pre-position in the working plane 7 L Z+0 R0 F MAX M3 Pre-position to the workpiece surface HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 376
  LBL 1 Set label for program section repeat L IZ-4 R0 F MAX Infeed depth in incremental values (in the open) APPR CT X+2 Y+30 CCA90 R+5 RL F250 Approach contour FC DR- R18 CLSD+ CCX+20 CCY+30 Contour FCT DR- R15 CCX+50 CCY+75 FCT DR- R15 CCX+75 CCY+20 FCT DR- R18 CLSD- CCX+20 CCY+30 Depart contour…
• Page 377
  SET-UP CLEARANCE Q201=-10 ; DEPTH Q206=250 ; FEED RATE FOR PLNGNG Q202=5 ; PLUNGING DEPTH Q210=0 ; DWELL TIME AT TOP Q203=+0; SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=10 ; 2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q211=0.25 ; DWELL TIME AT BOTTOM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 378
  L X+15 Y+10 R0 F MAX M3 Move to starting point for group 1 CALL LBL 1 Call the subprogram for the group L X+45 Y+60 R0 F MAX Move to starting point for group 2 CALL LBL 1 Call the subprogram for the group L X+75 Y+10 R0 F MAX Move to starting point for group 3 CALL LBL 1…
• Page 379
  PLUNGING DEPTH Q210=0 ; DWELL TIME AT TOP Q203=+0 ; SURFACE COORDINATE Q204=10 ; 2ND SET-UP CLEARANCE Q211=0.25 ; DWELL TIME AT BOTTOM Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern 9 CALL LBL 1 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 380
  10 L Z+250 R0 F MAX M6 Tool change 11 TOOL CALL 2 Z S4000 Call the drilling tool 12 FN 0: Q201 = -25 New depth for drilling 13 FN 0: Q202 = +5 New plunging depth for drilling 14 CALL LBL 1 Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern 15 L Z+250 R0 F MAX M6…

• Page 381: Programming: Q Parameters

  Programming: Q Parameters…

• Page 382
  10.1 Principle and Overview You can program an entire family of parts in a single part program. You do this by entering variables called Q parameters instead of fixed numerical values. Q parameters can represent information such as: Coordinate values Feed rates Cycle data Q parameters also enable you to program contours that are defined…
• Page 383
  –/+ key). The TNC then displays the following soft keys: Function group Soft key Basic arithmetic (assign, add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root) Trigonometric functions Function for calculating circles If/then conditions, jumps Other functions Entering formulas directly HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 384
  10.2 Part Families – Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values The Q parameter function FN0: ASSIGN assigns numerical values to Q parameters. This enables you to use variables in the program instead of fixed numerical values. Example NC blocks 15 FNO: Q10=25 Assign Q10 contains the value 25…
• Page 385
  To the right of the “=” character you can enter the following: Two numbers Two Q parameters A number and a Q parameter The Q parameters and numerical values in the equations can be entered with positive or negative signs. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 386
  Programming fundamental operations Example: Program blocks in the TNC Example: 16 FN0: Q5 = +10 To select Q parameter functions, press the Q key. 17 FN3: Q12 = +Q5 * +7 To select the mathematical functions: Press the BASIC ARITHMETIC soft key. To select the Q parameter function ASSIGN, press the FN0 X = Y soft key.
• Page 387
  = 25 mm b = 50 mm α = arc tan (a / b) = arc tan 0.5 = 26.57° Furthermore: a² + b² = c² (where a² = a x a) (a² + b²) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 388
  Programming trigonometric functions Press the TRIGONOMETRY soft key to call the trigonometric functions. The TNC then displays the soft keys that are listed in the table below. Programming: Compare “Example: Programming fundamental operations.” Function Soft key FN6: SINE Example: FN6: Q20 = SIN–Q5 Calculate the sine of an angle in degrees (°) and assign it to a parameter.
• Page 389
  Z) in Parameter Q20, the circle center of the minor axis (Y with spindle axis Z) in Parameter Q21 and the circle radius in Parameter Q22. Note that FN23 and FN24 beside the resulting parameter also overwrite the two following parameters. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 390
  10.6 If-Then Decisions with Q Parameters Function The TNC can make logical If-Then decisions by comparing a Q parameter with another Q parameter or with a numerical value. If the condition is fulfilled, the TNC continues the program at the label that is programmed after the condition (for information on labels, see “Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats,”…
• Page 391
  Abbreviations used: Equals Not equal Greater than Less than GOTO Go to HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 392
  10.7 Checking and changing Q parameters Procedure During a program run or test run, you can check or change Q parameters if necessary. If you are in a program run, interrupt it (for example by pressing the machine STOP button and the INTERNAL STOP soft key). If you are doing a test run, interrupt it.
• Page 393
  Transfer values to the PLC FN20:WAIT FOR Synchronize NC and PLC FN25:PRESET Set datum during program run FN26:TABOPEN Open a freely definable table FN27:TABWRITE Write to a freely definable table FN28:TABREAD Read from a freely definable table HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 394
  Error number Text program control. The messages were preprogrammed by the machine 1000 Spindle ? tool builder or by HEIDENHAIN. The program must then be restarted. 1001 Tool axis is missing The error number are listed in the table below.
• Page 395
  Enter direction Q351 unequal 0 1070 Thread depth too large 1071 Missing calibration data 1072 Tolerance exceeded 1073 Block scan active 1074 ORIENTATION not permitted 1075 3DROT not permitted 1076 Activate 3DROT 1077 Enter depth as a negative value HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 396
  FN15: PRINT: Output of texts or Q parameter values Setting the data interface: In the menu option PRINT or PRINT-TEST, you must enter the path for storing the texts or Q parameters. See “Assign,” page 423. The function FN15: PRINT transfers Q parameter values and error messages through the data interface, for example to a printer.
• Page 397
  %5.3LF Define format for Q parameter: 5 places before and 4 places behind the decimal point; long, floating (decimal number) Format for text variable Separation character between output format and parameter End of block character HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 398
  The following functions allow you to include the following additional information in the protocol log file: Code word Function CALL_PATH Gives the path for the NC program where you will find the FN16 function. Example: “Measuring program: %S”,CALL_PATH; M_CLOSE Closes the file to which you are writing with FN16. Example: M_CLOSE;…
• Page 399
  0=X, 1=Y, 2=Z, 6=U, 7=V, 8=W Programmed spindle rpm Active spindle status: -1=undefined, 0=M3 active, 1=M4 active, 2=M5 after M3, 3=M5 after M4 Coolant status: 0=off, 1=on Active feed rate Index of the prepared tool HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 400
  Group name, ID No. Number Index Meaning Index of the active tool Cycle parameter, 30 Setup clearance of active fixed cycle Drilling depth / milling depth of active fixed cycle Plunging depth of active fixed cycle Feed rate for pecking in active fixed cycle 1st side length for rectangular pocket cycle 2nd side length for rectangular pocket cycle 1st side length for slot cycle…
• Page 401
  Programmed feed rate (-1: no feed rate programmed) Active tool compensation, 200 Tool radius (including delta values) Tool length (including delta values) Active transformations, 210 Basic rotation in MANUAL OPERATION mode Programmed rotation with Cycle 10 Active mirror axis HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 402
  Group name, ID No. Number Index Meaning 0: mirroring not active +1: X axis mirrored +2: Y axis mirrored +4: Z axis mirrored +64: U axis mirrored +128: V axis mirrored +256: W axis mirrored Combinations = sum of individual axes Active scaling factor in X axis Active scaling factor in Y axis Active scaling factor in Z axis…
• Page 403
  Effective ball radius Effective length Radius setting ring Center misalignment in ref. axis Center misalignment in minor axis Direction of center misalignment compared with 0° position Tool touch probe 130 Center point X-axis (REF system) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 404
  Group name, ID No. Number Index Meaning Center point Y-axis (REF system) Center point Z axis (REF system) Probe contact radius Measuring touch probe, 350 Calibrated stylus length Stylus radius 1 Stylus radius 2 Setting ring diameter Center misalignment in ref. axis Center misalignment in minor axis Compensation factor for 1st axis Compensation factor for 2nd axis…
• Page 405
  32 to 62 (first PL 401 B) 64 to 94 (second PL 401 B) Counter 48 to 79 Timer 0 to 95 Byte 0 to 4095 Word 0 to 2047 Double word 2048 to 4095 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 406
  The following conditions are permitted in the FN 20 block: Condition Abbreviation Equals Less than < Greater than > Less than or equal <= Greater than or equal >= Example: Stop program run until the PLC sets marker 4095 to 1 32 FN20: WAIT FOR M4095==1 FN 25: PRESET: Setting a new datum This function can only be programmed if you have entered…
• Page 407
  5 of the presently opened table. The values to be written in the table must be saved in the Q parameters Q5, Q6 and Q7. 53 FN0: Q5 = 3.75 54 FN0: Q6 = -5 55 FN0: Q7 = 7.5 56 FN27: TABWRITE 5/“radius,depth,D” = Q5 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 408
  FN28: TABREAD: Reading a Freely Definable Table After you have opened a table with FN 26 TABOPEN, you can use function FN 28: TABREAD to read from it. You can define, i.e. read in, up to 8 column names in a TABREAD block.
• Page 409
  Example: Q10 = ASIN 0.75 Arc cosine Inverse of the cosine. Determine the angle from the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse. Example: Q11 = ACOS Q40 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 410
  Mathematical function Soft key Arc tangent Inverse of the tangent. Determine the angle from the ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side. Example: Q12 = ATAN Q50 Powers of values Example: Q15 = 3^3 Constant “pi” (3.14159) Example: Q15 = PI Natural logarithm (LN) of a number Base 2.7183 Example: Q15 = LN Q11…
• Page 411
  Shift the soft-key row and select the arc tangent function. Shift the soft-key row and open the parentheses. Enter Q parameter number 12. Select division. Enter Q parameter number 13. Close parentheses and conclude formula entry. Example NC block Q25 = ATAN (Q12/Q13) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 412
  10.10 Preassigned Q Parameters The Q parameters Q100 to Q122 are assigned values by the TNC. These values include: Values from the PLC Tool and spindle data Data on operating status, etc. Values from the PLC: Q100 to Q107 The TNC uses the parameters Q100 to Q107 to transfer values from the PLC to an NC program.
• Page 413
  Manual operating mode. The length and radius of the probe tip are not compensated in these coordinates. Coordinate axis Parameter value X axis Q115 Y axis Q116 Z axis Q117 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 414
  Coordinate axis Parameter value IVth axis Q118 dependent on MP100 Vth axis Q119 dependent on MP100 Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT 130 Actual-nominal deviation Parameter value Tool length Q115 Tool radius Q116 Tilting the working plane with mathematical angles: Rotary axis coordinates calculated by the…
• Page 415
  Width of pocket Q165 Measured length Q166 Position of the center line Q167 Measured solid angle Parameter value Rotation about the A axis Q170 Rotation about the B axis Q171 Rotation about the C axis Q172 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 416
  Workpiece status Parameter value Good Q180 Re-work Q181 Scrap Q182 Measured deviation with cycle 440 Parameter value X axis Q185 Y axis Q186 Z axis Q187 Reserved for internal use Parameter value Markers for cycles (point patterns) Q197 Status during tool measurement with TT Parameter value Tool within tolerance Q199 = 0.0…
• Page 417
  16 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Retract the tool 17 L Z+250 R0 F MAX Call machining operation 18 CALL LBL 10 Retract in the tool axis, end program 19 L Z+100 R0 F MAX M2 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 418
  20 LBL 10 Subprogram 10: Machining operation 21 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Shift datum to center of ellipse 22 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+Q1 23 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+Q2 24 CYCL DEF 10.0 DREHUNG Account for rotational position in the plane 25 CYCL DEF 10.1 ROT+Q8 26 Q35 = (Q6 — Q5) / Q7 Calculate angle increment…
• Page 419
  15 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+3 Tool call 16 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Retract the tool 17 L Z+250 R0 F MAX Call machining operation 18 CALL LBL 10 Reset allowance 19 FN 0: Q10 = +0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 420
  20 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation 21 L Z+100 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program 22 LBL 10 Subprogram 10: Machining operation 23 Q16 = Q6 — Q10 — Q108 Account for allowance and tool, based on the cylinder radius 24 FN 0: Q20 = +1 Set counter 25 FN 0: Q24 = +Q4…
• Page 421
  Define the workpiece blank 14 BLK FORM 0.2 X+100 Y+100 Z+0 Define the tool 15 TOOL DEF 1 L+0 R+7.5 Tool call 16 TOOL CALL 1 Z S4000 Retract the tool 17 L Z+250 R0 F MAX HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 422
  18 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation 19 FN 0: Q10 = +0 Reset allowance 20 FN 0: Q18 = +5 Angle increment in the X/Y plane for finishing 21 CALL LBL 10 Call machining operation 22 L Z+100 R0 F MAX M2 Retract in the tool axis, end program 23 LBL 10 Subprogram 10: Machining operation…
• Page 423
  55 CYCL DEF 7.0 DATUM SHIFT Reset the datum shift 56 CYCL DEF 7.1 X+0 57 CYCL DEF 7.2 Y+0 58 CYCL DEF 7.3 Z+0 59 LBL 0 End of subprogram 60 END PGM BALL MM HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…

• Page 425: Test Run And Program Run

  Test run and Program Run…

• Page 426
  11.1 Graphics Function In the program run modes of operation as well as in the Test Run mode, the TNC provides the following three display modes: Using soft keys, select whether you desire: Plan view Projection in 3 planes 3-D view The TNC graphic depicts the workpiece as if it were being machined with a cylindrical end mill.
• Page 427
  At the bottom of the graphics window, the TNC displays the coordinates of the line of intersection, referenced to the workpiece datum. Only the coordinates of the working plane are shown. This function is activated with machine parameter 7310. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 428
  3-D view The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions, and can be rotated about the vertical axis. The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions, and can be rotated about the vertical axis. The shape of the workpiece blank can be depicted by a frame overlay at the beginning of the graphic simulation.
• Page 429
  If the workpiece blank cannot be further enlarged or reduced, the TNC displays an error message in the graphics window. To clear the error message, reduce or enlarge the workpiece blank. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 430
  Repeating graphic simulation A part program can be graphically simulated as often as desired, either with the complete workpiece or with a detail of it. Function Soft key Restore workpiece blank to the detail magnification in which it was last shown Reset detail magnification so that the machined workpiece or workpiece blank is displayed as it was programmed with BLK FORM…
• Page 431
  Function Soft key Go back in the program by one screen Go forward in the program by one screen Go to the beginning of the program Go to the end of the program HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 432
  11.3 Test run Function In the Test Run mode of operation you can simulate programs and program sections to prevent errors from occurring during program run. The TNC checks the programs for the following: Geometrical incompatibilities Missing data Impossible jumps Violation of the machine’s working space The following functions are also available: Blockwise test run…
• Page 433
  Repetitions: If N is located in a program section repeat, enter the number of repeats that you want to run. To test a program section, press the START soft key. The TNC will test the program up to the entered block. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 434
  11.4 Program run Application In the Program Run, Full Sequence mode of operation the TNC executes a part program continuously to its end or up to a program stop. In the Program Run, Single Block mode of operation you must start each block separately by pressing the machine START button.
• Page 435
  You can interrupt a program that is being run in the Program Run, Full Sequence mode of operation by switching to Program Run, Single Block. The TNC interrupts the machining process at the end of the current block. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 436
  Moving the machine axes during an interruption You can move the machine axes during an interruption in the same way as in the Manual Operation mode. Danger of collision If you interrupt program run while the working plane is tilted, you can change from a tilted to a non-tilted coordinate system, and vice versa, by pressing the 3-D ON/OFF soft key.
• Page 437
  Press and hold the END key for two seconds. This induces a TNC system restart. Remove the cause of the error. Start again. If you cannot correct the error, write down the error message and contact your repair service agency. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 438
  Mid-program startup (block scan) The RESTORE POS AT N feature must be enabled and adapted by the machine tool builder. Refer to your machine manual. With the RESTORE POS AT N feature (block scan) you can start a part program at any block you desire. The TNC scans the program blocks up to that point.
• Page 439
  START button. To move the axes in any sequence, press the soft keys RESTORE X, RESTORE Z, etc., and activate each axis with the machine START key. To resume machining, press the machine START key. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 440
  11.5 Automatic Program Start Function The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool builder for use of the automatic program start function. Refer to your machine manual. In a Program Run operating mode, you can use the soft key AUTOSTART (see figure at upper right) to define a specific time at which the program that is currently active in this operating mode is to be started:…
• Page 441
  To run or test the program with the blocks preceded by a slash, set the soft key to OFF. This function does not work for TOOL DEF blocks. After a power interruption the TNC returns to the most recently selected setting. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 442
  11.7 Optional Program Run Interruption Function The TNC optionally interrupts the program or test run at blocks containing M01. If you use M01 in the Program Run mode, the TNC does not switch off the spindle or coolant. Do not interrupt program run or test run at blocks containing M01: Set soft key to OFF Interrupt program run or test run at blocks containing M01: Set soft key to ON…
• Page 443
  MOD Functions…

• Page 444: 12.1 Mod Functions

  12.1 MOD functions The MOD functions provide additional displays and input possibilities. The available MOD functions depend on the selected operating mode. Selecting the MOD functions Call the mode of operation in which you wish to change the MOD function. To select the MOD functions, press the MOD key.

• Page 445
  Unit of measurement (mm/inches) Programming language for MDI Select the axes for actual position capture Set the axis traverse limits Display the datums Displaying Operating Time HELP files (if provided) Activate Teleservice functions (if provided) HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 446
  12.2 Software Numbers and Option Numbers Function The software numbers of the NC, PLC and the SETUP floppy disks appear in the TNC screen after the MOD functions have been selected. Directly below them are the code numbers for the installed options (OPT:): No option OPT 00000000…
• Page 447
  12.3 Code Number Function The TNC requires a code number for the following functions: Function Code number Select user parameters Configuring an Ethernet card NET123 Enabling special functions for Q 555343 parameter programming HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 448
  Operating mode Symbol PC with HEIDENHAIN software LSV2 TNCremo for remote operation of the TNC PC with HEIDENHAIN data transfer software TNCremo HEIDENHAIN floppy disk units FE 401 B FE 401 from prog. no. 230 626 03 HEIDENHAIN floppy disk unit FE 401 up to prog.
• Page 449
  File name Surface data Program run Defined in the RANGE cycle Values with FN15 Program run %FN15RUN.A Values with FN15 Test run %FN15SIM.A Values with FN16 Program run %FN16RUN.A Values with FN16 Test run %FN16SIM.A HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 450
  Software for data transfer For transfer of files to and from the TNC, we recommend using one the HEIDENHAIN TNCremo data transfer software products for data transfer, such as TNCremo or TNCremoNT. With TNCremo/ TNCremoNT, data transfer is possible with all HEIDENHAIN controls via serial interface.
• Page 451
  1. Using the menu items <File>, <Change directory>, you can change the active directory or select another directory on your PC. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 452
  If you want to control data transfer from the PC, establish the connection with your PC in the following way: Select <File>, <Setup connection>. TNCremoNT now receives the file and directory structure from the TNC and displays this at the bottom left of the main window 2.
• Page 453
  TNC to a PC network. For the operating systems Windows 95, Windows 98 and Windows NT 4.0, HEIDENHAIN recommends the network software CimcoNFS for HEIDENHAIN which you can order separately or together with the Ethernet card for the TNC.: Item…
• Page 454
  Configuring the TNC Make sure that the person configuring your TNC is a network specialist. In the Programming and Editing mode of operation, press the MOD key. Enter the code word NET123. The TNC will then display the main screen for network configuration. General network settings Press the DEFINE NET soft key to enter the general network settings and enter the following information:…
• Page 455
  Here you enter the rights of access to the NFS server (see figure at center right). Enter a binary coded value. Example: 111101000 0: Access not permitted 1: Access permitted HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 456
  Setting Meaning Here you enter the rights of access to files on the NFS server (see figure at upper right). Enter a binary coded value. Example: 111101000 0: Access not permitted 1: Access permitted Definition of whether the TNC upon switch-on should automatically connect with the network.
• Page 457
  The TNC sets RS to 4096 bytes. NFS2: <Device name> (W) WRITESIZE SMALLER THEN x SET TO x The value that you entered for DEFINE MOUNT, WS is too small. The TNC sets WS to 512 bytes. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 458
  Error message Cause NFS2: <Device name> (W) WRITESIZE LARGER THEN x SET TO x The value that you entered for DEFINE MOUNT, WS is too large. The TNC sets WS to 4096 bytes. NFS2: <Device name> (E) MOUNTPATH TO LONG The value that you entered for DEFINE MOUNT, PATH is too long.
• Page 459
  Select the MOD function: Press the MOD key Select the PGM MGT setting: using the arrow keys, move the highlight onto the PGM MGT setting and use the ENT key to switch between STANDARD and ENHANCED. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 460
  12.7 Machine-Specific User Parameters Function To enable you to set machine-specific functions, your machine tool builder can define up to 16 machine parameters as user parameters. This function is not available on every TNC. Refer to your machine manual. 12 MOD Functions…
• Page 461
  Move workpiece blank to the left Move workpiece blank to the right Move workpiece blank forward Move workpiece blank backward Move workpiece blank upward Move workpiece blank downward Show workpiece blank referenced to the set datum HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 462
  Function Soft key Show the entire traversing range referenced to the displayed workpiece blank Show the machine datum in the working space Show a position determined by the machine tool builder (e.g. tool change position) in the working space Show the workpiece datum in the working space. Enable (ON) or disable (OFF) work space monitoring 12 MOD Functions…
• Page 463
  (only position display 2) With the MOD function Position display 1 you can select the position display in the status display. With Position display 2 you can select the position display in the additional status display. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 464
  12.10 Select the unit of measurement Function This MOD function determines whether the coordinates are displayed in millimeters (metric system) or inches. To select the metric system (e.g. X = 15.789 mm) set the Change mm/inches function to mm. The value is displayed to 3 decimal places.
• Page 465
  Language for $MDI Function The Program input mod function lets you decide whether to program the $MDI file in HEIDENHAIN conversational dialog or in ISO format. To program the $MDI.H file in conversational dialog, set the Program input function to HEIDENHAIN To program the $MDI.I file according to ISO,…
• Page 466
  12.12 Selecting the Axes for Generating L Blocks Function The axis selection input field enables you to define the current tool position coordinates that are transferred to an L block. To generate a separate L block, press the ACTUAL-POSITION-CAPTURE soft key. The axes are selected by bit-oriented definition similar to programming the machine parameters: Axis selection %11111Transfer the X, Y, Z, IV and V axes…
• Page 467
  Datum display The values shown at the lower left of the screen are the manually set datums referenced to the machine datum. They cannot be changed in the menu. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 468
  12.14 Displaying HELP Files Function Help files can aid you in situations in which you need clear instructions before you can continue (for example, to retract the tool after an interruption of power). The miscellaneous functions may also be explained in a help file. The figure at right shows the screen display of a help file.
• Page 469
  The MACHINE TIME soft key enables you to show different operating time displays: Operating time Meaning Control ON Operating time of the control since its commissioning Machine ON Operating time of the machine tool since commissioning Program run Duration of controlled operation since initial setup HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 470
  TNC should be equipped with an Ethernet card which achieves a higher data transfer rate than the serial RS232-C interface. With the HEIDENHAIN TeleService software, your machine tool builder can then establish a connection to the TNC via an ISDN modem and carry out diagnostics.
• Page 471
  The TNC.SYS file must be stored in the root directory TNC:. If you only supply one entry for the password, then the entire drive TNC: is protected. You should use the updated versions of the HEIDENHAIN software TNCremo or TNCremoNT to transfer the data. Entries in TNC.SYS Meaning REMOTE.TNCPASSWORD=…

• Page 473: Tables And Overviews

  Tables and Overviews…

• Page 474
  13.1 General User Parameters General user parameters are machine parameters affecting TNC settings that the user may want to change in accordance with his requirements. Some examples of user parameters are: Dialog language Interface behavior Traversing speeds Sequence of machining Effect of overrides Input possibilities for machine parameters Machine parameters can be programmed as…
• Page 475
  Probing feed rate for triggering touch MP6120 probes 1 to 3 000 [mm/min] Maximum traverse to first probe point MP6130 0.001 to 99 999.9999 [mm] Safety clearance to probing point during MP6140 automatic measurement 0.001 to 99 999.9999 [mm] HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 476
  3-D touch probes and digitizing Rapid traverse for triggering touch probes MP6150 1 to 300 000 [mm/min] Measure center misalignment of the stylus MP6160 when calibrating a triggering touch probe No 180° rotation of the 3-D touch probe during calibration: 0 M function for 180°…
• Page 477
  With machine parameter MP6390 you can define a square target window within which the end point must lie after the touch probe has orbited the model. Enter half the side length of the target window for the side length. HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 478
  3-D touch probes and digitizing Radius measurement with the TT 130 touch MP6505.0 (traverse range 1) to 6505.2 (traverse range 3) probe: Probing direction Positive probing direction in the angle reference axis (0° axis): 0 Positive probing direction in the +90° axis: 1 Negative probing direction in the angle reference axis (0°…
• Page 479
  All file types selectable via soft key: +0 Disable selection of HEIDENHAIN programs (soft key SHOW .H): +1 Disable selection of ISO programs (soft key SHOW .I): +2 Disable selection of tool tables (soft key SHOW .T): +4 Disable selection of datum tables (soft key SHOW .D): +8…
• Page 480
  Disabling the editor for MP7224.1 certain file types Do not disable editor: +0 Disable editor for Note: HEIDENHAIN programs: +1 If a particular file type is ISO programs: +2 inhibited, the TNC will erase all files of this type. Tool tables: +4…
• Page 481
  Maximum tool life – TIME1: 0 to 31; column width: 5 characters MP7266.10 Maximum tool life for TOOL CALL – TIME2: 0 to 31; column width: 5 characters MP7266.11 Current tool life – CUR. TIME: 0 to 31; column width: 8 characters HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 482
  TNC displays, TNC editor Configure tool table MP7266.12 (To omit from the Tool comment – DOC: 0 to 31; column width: 16 characters table: enter 0); Column MP7266.13 number in the tool Number of teeth – CUT.: 0 to 31; column width: 4 characters table for MP7266.14 Tolerance for wear detection in tool length –…
• Page 483
  Disable datum setting in the 8th axis: 128 Disable datum setting in the 9th axis: +256 Disable datum setting MP7296 with the orange axis Do not disable datum setting: 0 keys Disable datum setting with the orange axis keys: 1 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 484
  TNC displays, TNC editor Reset status display, Q MP7300 parameters and tool Reset them all when a program is selected: 0 data Reset them all when a program is selected and with M02, M30, END PGM: 1 Reset only status display and tool data when a program is selected: 2 Reset only status display and tool data when a program is selected and with M02, M30, END PGM: 3 Reset status display and Q parameters when a program is selected: 4…
• Page 485
  Function inactive: +0 Reduce the feed rate in the tool axis with M103 F.. Function active: +16 Exact stop for positioning with rotary axes inactive: +0 Exact stop for positioning with rotary axes active: +32 HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 486
  Machining and program run Error message during cycle call MP7441 Error message when M3/M4 not active: 0 Suppress error message when M3/M4 not active: +1 reserved: +2 Suppress error message when positive depth programmed: +0 Output error message when negative depth programmed: +4 M function for spindle orientation in the MP7442 fixed cycles…
• Page 487
  RS-232-C/V.24 Interface HEIDEHAIN devices External RS-422 Adapter HEIDENHAIN HEIDENHAIN device connecting cable block standard cable max. 17 m The connector pin layout on the adapter block differs from that on the TNC logic unit (X21). HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 488
  Non-HEIDENHAIN devices The connector pin layout of a non-HEIDENHAIN device may differ considerably from that on a HEIDENHAIN device. This often depends on the unit and type of data transfer. The figure below shows the connector pin layout on the adapter block.
• Page 489
  RS-422/V.11 Interface Only non-HEIDENHAIN devices are connected to the RS-422 interface. The pin layouts on the TNC logic unit (X22) and on the adapter block are identical. External RS-422 Adapter HEIDENHAIN connecting cable device block max. 1000 m HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 490
  Ethernet interface RJ45 socket (option) Maximum cable length:Unshielded: 100 m Shielded: 400 m Signal Description Transmit Data TX– Transmit Data REC+ Receive Data Vacant Vacant REC– Receive Data Vacant Vacant Ethernet interface BNC socket (option) Maximum cable length: 180 m Signal Description Data (RXI, TXO)
• Page 491
  Description Contouring control for machines with up to 9 axes plus oriented spindle stop. The TNC 426 CB and TNC 430 CA feature analog speed control, the TNC 426 PB and TNC 430 PB feature digital speed control and integrated current controller.
• Page 492
  TNC features Tool definitions Up to 254 tools in the program or any number in tables Programming support Functions for approaching and departing the contour On-screen pocket calculator Structuring programs Comment blocks Direct help on output error messages (context-sensitive) Programmable functions Contour elements Straight line Chamfer…
• Page 493
  Logical comparisons (greater than, less than, equal to, not equal to) TNC Specifications Block processing time 4 ms/block Control loop cycle time TNC 426 CB, TNC 430 CA: Contouring interpolation: 3 ms Fine interpolation: 0.6 ms (contour) TNC 426 PB, TNC 430 PB: Contouring interpolation: 3 ms Fine interpolation: 0.6 ms (speed)
• Page 494
  TNC Specifications Input range Minimum 0.1µm (0.00001 in.) or 0.0001° Maximum 99 999.999 mm (3.937 in.) or 99 999.999° Input format and unit of TNC functions Positions, coordinates, circle radii, chamfer -99 999.9999 to +99 999.9999 lengths (5.4: places before decimal point, places after decimal point) [mm] Tool numbers 0 to 32 767.9 (5.1) Tool names…
• Page 495
  To exchange the buffer battery, first switch off the TNC! The buffer battery must be exchanged only by trained service personnel! TNC 426 CB/PB, TNC 430 CA/PA Battery type:Three AA-size cells, leak-proof, IEC designation “LR6” 1 Open the logic unit: The buffer batteries are located next to the power supply unit.
• Page 497
  Definable Table … 381 HEIDENHAIN conversational Introduction … 427 FN 28: TABREAD: Reading a Freely format … 167 Network printer … 62, 430 Definable Table … 382 External Access … 445 FN xx: See Q parameter programming HEIDENHAIN TNC 426, TNC 430…
• Page 498
  FN14: ERROR: Displaying error M functions: See Miscellaneous Pallet table messages … 368 functions Entering coordinates … 80, 85 FN18: SYSREAD: Read system Machine parameters Function … 80, 84 data … 373 For 3-D touch probes … 449 Run … 82, 94 FN20: WAIT FOR NC and PLC For external data transfer …
• Page 499
  Calculating Circles … 363 Software number … 420 Guide … 333 If/then decisions … 364 Sphere … 395 TNC 426, TNC 430 … 2 Programming notes … 356 Spline interpolation … 173 TNC Error Messages … 79 Trigonometric functions … 361 Block format …
• Page 500
  Tool change … 108 Universal drilling … 218, 222 Tool Compensation User parameters … 448 Tool compensation general Length … 110 For 3-D touch probes and Radius … 111 digitizing … 449 Three-dimensional … 114 For external data transfer … 449 Tool Data For machining and program Tool data…
• Page 501
  Overview of Miscellaneous Functions Effect Effective at block — start Page Stop program/Spindle STOP/Coolant OFF page 177 Optional program STOP page 416 Stop program/Spindle STOP/Coolant OFF/Clear status display page 177 (depending on machine parameter)/Go to block 1 Spindle ON clockwise page 177 Spindle ON counterclockwise Spindle STOP…
• Page 502
  Effect Effective at block — start Page M109 Constant contouring speed at tool cutting edge page 185 (increase and decrease feed rate) M110 Constant contouring speed at tool cutting edge (feed rate decrease only) M111 Reset M109/M110 M114 Automatic compensation of machine geometry when working with tilted axes page 193 M115 Reset M114…

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