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Ninja ZX–6R
Ninja ZX-6RR
Motorcycle
Service Manual
Quick Reference Guide
This quick reference guide will assist
you in locating a desired topic or procedure.
•Bend the pages back to match the
black tab of the desired chapter number with the black tab on the edge at
each table of contents page.
•Refer to the sectional table of contents
for the exact pages to locate the specific topic required.
General Information
1 j
Periodic Maintenance
2 j
Fuel System (DFI)
3 j
Cooling System
4 j
Engine Top End
5 j
Clutch
6 j
Engine Lubrication System
7 j
Engine Removal/Installation
8 j
Crankshaft / Transmission
9 j
Wheels / Tires
10 j
Final Drive
11 j
Brakes
12 j
Suspension
13 j
Steering
14 j
Frame
15 j
Electrical System
16 j
Appendix
17 j
Ninja ZX-6R
Ninja ZX-6RR
Motorcycle
Service Manual
All rights reserved. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of Quality Assurance Department/Consumer Products & Machinery
Company/Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd., Japan.
No liability can be accepted for any inaccuracies or omissions in this publication, although every possible
care has been taken to make it as complete and accurate as possible.
The right is reserved to make changes at any time without prior notice and without incurring an obligation
to make such changes to products manufactured previously. See your Motorcycle dealer for the latest
information on product improvements incorporated after this publication.
All information contained in this publication is based on the latest product information available at the time
of publication. Illustrations and photographs in this publication are intended for reference use only and may
not depict actual model component parts.
© 2002 Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Ltd.
Third Edition (1): Sep. 30, 2003 (K)
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
A
ABDC
AC
ATDC
BBDC
BDC
BTDC
°C
DC
F
°F
ft
g
h
L
ampere(s)
after bottom dead center
alternating current
after top dead center
before bottom dead center
bottom dead center
before top dead center
degree(s) Celsius
direct current
farad(s)
degree(s) Fahrenheit
foot, feet
gram(s)
hour(s)
liter(s)
lb
m
min
N
Pa
PS
psi
r
rpm
TDC
TIR
V
W
Ω
pound(s)
meter(s)
minute(s)
newton(s)
pascal(s)
horsepower
pound(s) per square inch
revolution
revolution(s) per minute
top dead center
total indicator reading
volt(s)
watt(s)
ohm(s)
Read OWNER’S MANUAL before operating.
Foreword
This manual is designed primarily for use by
trained mechanics in a properly equipped shop.
However, it contains enough detail and basic information to make it useful to the owner who desires to perform his own basic maintenance and
repair work. A basic knowledge of mechanics,
the proper use of tools, and workshop procedures must be understood in order to carry out
maintenance and repair satisfactorily. Whenever the owner has insufficient experience or
doubts his ability to do the work, all adjustments, maintenance, and repair should be carried out only by qualified mechanics.
In order to perform the work efficiently and
to avoid costly mistakes, read the text, thoroughly familiarize yourself with the procedures
before starting work, and then do the work carefully in a clean area. Whenever special tools or
equipment are specified, do not use makeshift
tools or equipment. Precision measurements
can only be made if the proper instruments are
used, and the use of substitute tools may adversely affect safe operation.
For the duration of the warranty period,
we recommend that all repairs and scheduled
maintenance be performed in accordance with
this service manual. Any owner maintenance or
repair procedure not performed in accordance
with this manual may void the warranty.
To get the longest life out of your vehicle:
Follow the Periodic Maintenance Chart in the
Service Manual.
•
alert for problems and non-scheduled
• Be
maintenance.
proper tools and genuine Kawasaki Mo• Use
torcycle parts. Special tools, gauges, and
•
•
testers that are necessary when servicing
Kawasaki motorcycles are introduced by the
Special Tool Catalog or Manual. Genuine
parts provided as spare parts are listed in the
Parts Catalog.
Follow the procedures in this manual carefully. Don’t take shortcuts.
Remember to keep complete records of maintenance and repair with dates and any new
parts installed.
How to Use This Manual
In this manual, the product is divided into its
major systems and these systems make up the
manual’s chapters.
The Quick Reference Guide shows you all
of the product’s system and assists in locating
their chapters. Each chapter in turn has its own
comprehensive Table of Contents.
For example, if you want ignition coil information, use the Quick Reference Guide to locate
the Electrical System chapter. Then, use the
Table of Contents on the first page of the chapter to find the ignition coil section.
Whenever you see these WARNING and
CAUTION symbols, heed their instructions!
Always follow safe operating and maintenance
practices.
WARNING
This warning symbol identifies special
instructions or procedures which, if not
correctly followed, could result in personal injury, or loss of life.
CAUTION
This caution symbol identifies special
instructions or procedures which, if not
strictly observed, could result in damage to or destruction of equipment.
This manual contains four more symbols (in
addition to WARNING and CAUTION) which will
help you distinguish different types of information.
NOTE
This
note
symbol
indicates points of par○
ticular interest for more efficient and convenient operation.
a procedural step or work to be
• Indicates
done.
○Indicates a procedural sub-step or how to do
the work of the procedural step it follows. It
also precedes the text of a NOTE.
Indicates a conditional step or what action to
take based on the results of the test or inspection in the procedural step or sub-step it follows.
In most chapters an exploded view illustration
of the system components follows the Table of
Contents. In these illustrations you will find the
instructions indicating which parts require specified tightening torque, oil, grease or a locking
agent during assembly.
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-1
General Information
1
Table of Contents
Before Servicing .....................................................................................................................
Model Identification.................................................................................................................
General Specifications............................................................................................................
Technical Information – Air Inlet System ................................................................................
Technical Information – New Ignition Interlock Sidestand ......................................................
Technical Information – Tail/Brake Lights Employing LED .....................................................
Technical Information – KAWASAKI LOW EXHAUST EMISSION SYSTEM .........................
Unit Conversion Table ............................................................................................................
1-2
1-7
1-9
1-15
1-18
1-19
1-21
1-22
1-2 GENERAL INFORMATION
Before Servicing
Before starting to perform an inspection service or carry out a disassembly and reassembly operation on a motorcycle, read the precautions given below. To facilitate actual operations, notes, illustrations, photographs, cautions, and detailed descriptions have been included in each chapter wherever
necessary. This section explains the items that require particular attention during the removal and
reinstallation or disassembly and reassembly of general parts.
Especially note the following:
Battery Ground
Before completing any service on the motorcycle, disconnect the battery wires from the battery to prevent the engine
from accidentally turning over. Disconnect the ground wire
(-) first and then the positive (+). When completed with the
service, first connect the positive (+) wire to the positive (+)
terminal of the battery then the negative (-) wire to the negative terminal.
Edges of Parts
Lift large or heavy parts wearing gloves to prevent injury
from possible sharp edges on the parts.
Solvent
Use a high flush point solvent when cleaning parts. High
flush point solvent should be used according to directions
of the solvent manufacturer.
Cleaning vehicle before disassembly
Clean the vehicle thoroughly before disassembly. Dirt or
other foreign materials entering into sealed areas during vehicle disassembly can cause excessive wear and decrease
performance of the vehicle.
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-3
Before Servicing
Arrangement and Cleaning of Removed Parts
Disassembled parts are easy to confuse. Arrange the
parts according to the order the parts were disassembled
and clean the parts in order prior to assembly.
Storage of Removed Parts
After all the parts including subassembly parts have been
cleaned, store the parts in a clean area. Put a clean cloth
or plastic sheet over the parts to protect from any foreign
materials that may collect before re-assembly.
Inspection
Reuse of worn or damaged parts may lead to serious accident. Visually inspect removed parts for corrosion, discoloration, or other damage. Refer to the appropriate sections
of this manual for service limits on individual parts. Replace
the parts if any damage has been found or if the part is beyond its service limit.
Replacement Parts
Replacement Parts must be KAWASAKI genuine or recommended by KAWASAKI. Gaskets, O rings, Oil seals,
Grease seals, circlips or cotter pins must be replaced with
new ones whenever disassembled.
Assembly Order
In most cases assembly order is the reverse of disassembly, however, if assembly order is provided in this Service
Manual, follow the procedures given.
1-4 GENERAL INFORMATION
Before Servicing
Tightening Sequence
Bolts, nuts, or screws must be tightened according to the
specified sequence to prevent case warpage or deformation
which can lead to malfunction. If the specified tightening
sequence is not indicated, tighten the fasteners alternating
diagonally. Often, the tightening sequence is followed twice
-initial tightening and final tightening with torque wrench.
Tightening Torque
Incorrect torque applied to a bolt, nut, or screw may
lead to serious damage. Tighten fasteners to the specified
torque using a good quality torque wrench.
Force
Use common sense during disassembly and assembly,
excessive force can cause expensive or hard to repair damage. When necessary, remove screws that have a non
-permanent locking agent applied using an impact driver.
Use a plastic-faced mallet whenever tapping is necessary.
Gasket, Oring
Hardening, shrinkage, or damage of both gaskets
and O-rings after disassembly can reduce sealing performance. Remove old gaskets and clean the sealing
surfaces thoroughly so that no gasket material or other
material remains. Install new gaskets and replace used
O-rings when re-assembling
Liquid Gasket, Locking Agent
For applications that require Liquid Gasket or a Locking
agent, clean the surfaces so that no oil residue remains before applying liquid gasket or locking agent. Do not apply
them excessively. Excessive application can clog oil passages and cause serious damage.
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-5
Before Servicing
Press
For items such as bearings or oil seals that must be
pressed into place, apply small amount of oil to the contact area. Be sure to maintain proper alignment and use
smooth movements when installing.
Ball Bearing and Needle Bearing
Do not remove pressed ball or needle unless removal is
absolutely necessary. Replace with new ones whenever
removed. Press bearings with the manufacturer and size
marks facing out. Press the bearing into place by putting
pressure on the correct bearing race as shown.
Pressing the incorrect race can cause pressure between
the inner and outer race and result in bearing damage.
Oil Seal, Grease Seal
Do not remove pressed oil or grease seals unless removal
is necessary. Replace with new ones whenever removed.
Press new oil seals with manufacture and size marks facing
out. Make sure the seal is aligned properly when installing.
Circlips, Cotter Pins
Replace circlips or cotter pins that were removed with new
ones. Install the circlip with its sharp edge facing outward
and its chamfered side facing inward to prevent the clip from
being pushed out of its groove when loaded. Take care
not to open the clip excessively when installing to prevent
deformation.
Lubrication
It is important to lubricate rotating or sliding parts during
assembly to minimize wear during initial operation. Lubrication points are called out throughout this manual, apply
the specific oil or grease as specified.
1-6 GENERAL INFORMATION
Before Servicing
Direction of Engine Rotation
When rotating the crankshaft by hand, the free play
amount of rotating direction will affect the adjustment. Rotate the crankshaft to positive direction (clockwise viewed
from output side).
Electrical Wires
A two-color wire is identified first by the primary color and
then the stripe color. Unless instructed otherwise, electrical
wires must be connected to those of the same color.
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-7
Model Identification
ZX636–B1 (Ninja ZX-6R) Left Side View:
ZX636–B1 (Ninja ZX-6R) Right Side View:
1-8 GENERAL INFORMATION
Model Identification
ZX600–K1 (Ninja ZX-6RR) Left Side View:
ZX600–K1 (Ninja ZX-6RR) Right Side View:
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-9
General Specifications
ZX636-B1 ∼ (Ninja ZX-6R)
Items
Dimensions:
Overall length
Overall width
Overall height
Wheelbase
Road clearance
Seat height
Dry mass
Curb mass:
Front
Rear
Fuel tank capacity
Performance:
Minimum turning radius
Engine:
Type
Cooling system
Bore and stroke
Displacement
Compression ratio
Maximum horsepower
Maximum torque
Carburetion system
Starting system
Ignition system
Timing advance
Ignition timing
Spark plug
Cylinder numbering method
Firing order
Valve timing:
Inlet
Open
Close
Duration
Exhaust
Open
Close
Duration
Lubrication system
2 025 mm (79.7 in.)
720 mm (28.3 in.)
1 100 mm (43.3 in.)
1 400 mm (55.1 in.)
130 mm (5.1 in.)
825 mm (32.4 in.)
161 kg (1579 N, 355 lb)
95 kg (932 N, 209 lb)
93 kg (912 N, 205 lb)
18 L (4.76 US gal)
3.3 m (10.8 ft)
4-stroke, DOHC, 4-cylinder
Liquid-cooled
68.0 × 43.8 mm (2.6 x 1.7 in.)
636 mL (38.8 cu in.)
12.8
87.0 kW (118 PS) @13 000 r/min (rpm),
(AU) 84.2 kW (114 PS) @12 000 r/min (rpm),
(FR) 78.2 kW (106 PS) @12 500 r/min (rpm),
(US), (CAL), (CA) – – –
67.0 N·m (6.8 kgf·m, 49 ft·lb) @11 000 r/min (rpm),
(US), (CAL), (CA), (FR) – – –
FI (Fuel Injection), KEIHIN TTK-38 × 4
Electric starter
Battery and coil (transistorized)
Electronically advanced (digital igniter in ECU)
From 12.5° BTDC @1 300 r/min (rpm)
to 35° BTDC @4 600 r/min (rpm)
NGK CR9E
Left to right, 1-2-3-4
1-2-4-3
58° BTDC
82° ABDC
320°
62° BBDC
34° ATDC
276°
Forced lubrication (wet sump with cooler)
1-10 GENERAL INFORMATION
General Specifications
ZX636-B1 ∼ (Ninja ZX-6R)
Items
Engine oil:
Type
Viscosity
Capacity
Drive Train:
Primary reduction system:
Type
Reduction ratio
Clutch type
Transmission:
Type
Gear ratios:
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Final drive system:
Type
Reduction ratio
Overall drive ratio
Frame:
Type
Caster (rake angle)
Trail
Front tire:
Type
Size
Rear tire:
Type
Size
Front suspension:
Type
Wheel travel
Rear suspension:
Type
Wheel travel
Brake Type:
Front
Rear
Electrical Equipment:
Battery
Headlight:
Type
Bulb
Hi
API SE, SF or SG
API SH or SJ with JASO MA
SAE10W-40
4.0 L (4.2 US qt)
Gear
2.022 (89/44)
Wet multi disc
6-speed, constant mesh, return shift
2.923
2.055
1.722
1.450
1.272
1.153
(38/13)
(37/18)
(31/18)
(29/20)
(28/22)
(30/26)
Chain drive
2.666 (40/15)
6.223 @Top gear
Tubular, diamond
24.5°
95 mm (3.7 in.)
Tubeless
120/65 ZR17 M/C (56W)
Tubeless
180/55 ZR17 M/C (73W)
Telescopic fork (upside-down)
120 mm (4.7 in.)
Swingarm (uni-trak)
135 mm (5.3 in.)
Dual discs
Single disc
12 V 8 Ah
Semi-sealed beam
12 V 55 W (quartz-halogen) × 2
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-11
General Specifications
Items
Lo
Tail/brake light
Alternator:
Type
Rated output
ZX636-B1 ∼ (Ninja ZX-6R)
12 V 55 W (quartz-halogen)
12 V 0.5/3.8 W (LED)
(US), (CAL), (CA) 12 V 0.5/5 W (LED)
Three-phase AC
22.5 A / 14 V @5 000 r/min (rpm)
Specifications subject to change without notice, and may not apply to every country.
(US):
(CAL):
(CA):
(AU):
(FR):
United States Model
California Model
Canada Model
Australia Model
France Model
1-12 GENERAL INFORMATION
General Specifications
Items
Dimensions:
Overall length
Overall width
Overall height
Wheelbase
Road clearance
Seat height
Dry mass
Curb mass:
Front
Rear
Fuel tank capacity
Performance:
Minimum turning radius
Engine:
Type
Cooling system
Bore and stroke
Displacement
Compression ratio
Maximum horsepower
Maximum torque
Carburetion system
Starting system
Ignition system
Timing advance
Ignition timing
Spark plug
Cylinder numbering method
Firing order
Valve timing:
Inlet
Open
Close
Duration
Exhaust
Open
Close
Duration
Lubrication system
Engine oil:
Type
ZX600-K1 (Ninja ZX-6RR)
2 025 mm (79.7 in.)
720 mm (28.3 in.)
1 100 mm (43.3 in.)
1 400 mm (55.1 in.)
130 mm (5.1 in.)
825 mm (32.4 in.)
161 kg (1579 N, 355 lb)
95 kg (932 N, 209 lb)
93 kg (912 N, 205 lb)
18 L (4.76 US gal)
3.3 m (10.8 ft)
4-stroke, DOHC, 4-cylinder
Liquid-cooled
67.0 × 42.5 mm (2.6 x 1.7 in.)
599 mL (36.6 cu in.)
13.0
83.1 kW (113 PS) @13 200 r/min (rpm),
(FR) 78.2 kW (106 PS) @13 000 r/min (rpm),
(US), (CAL), (CA) – – –
64.4 N·m (6.6 kgf·m, 47.5 ft·lb) @12 000 r/min (rpm),
(US), (CAL), (CA), (FR) – – –
FI (Fuel Injection), KEIHIN TTK-38 × 4
Electric starter
Battery and coil (transistorized)
Electronically advanced (digital igniter in ECU)
From 12.5° BTDC @1 300 r/min (rpm)
to 35° BTDC @4 600 r/min (rpm)
NGK CR9E
Left to right, 1-2-3-4
1-2-4-3
55° BTDC
85° ABDC
320°
62° BBDC
34° ATDC
276°
Forced lubrication (wet sump with cooler)
API SE, SF or SG
API SH or SJ with JASO MA
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-13
General Specifications
Items
Viscosity
Capacity
Drive Train:
Primary reduction system:
Type
Reduction ratio
Clutch type
Transmission:
Type
Gear ratios:
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Final drive system:
Type
Reduction ratio
Overall drive ratio
Frame:
Type
Caster (rake angle)
Trail
Front tire:
Type
Size
Rear tire:
Type
Size
Front suspension:
Type
Wheel travel
Rear suspension:
Type
Wheel travel
Brake Type:
Front
Rear
Electrical Equipment:
Battery
Headlight:
Type
Bulb
Hi
Lo
Tail/brake light
ZX600-K1 (Ninja ZX-6RR)
SAE10W-40
4.0 L (4.2 US qt)
Gear
2.022 (89/44)
Wet multi disc
6-speed, constant mesh, return shift
2.923
2.055
1.722
1.450
1.272
1.153
(38/13)
(37/18)
(31/18)
(29/20)
(28/22)
(30/26)
Chain drive
2.666 (40/15)
6.223 @Top gear
Tubular, diamond
24.5°
95 mm (3.7 in.)
Tubeless
120/65 ZR17 M/C (56W)
Tubeless
180/55 ZR17 M/C (73W)
Telescopic fork (upside-down)
120 mm (4.7 in.)
Swingarm (uni-trak)
135 mm (5.3 in.)
Dual discs
Single disc
12 V 8 Ah
Semi-sealed beam
12 V 55 W (quartz-halogen) × 2
12 V 55 W (quartz-halogen)
12 V 0.5/3.8 W (LED)
(US), (CAL), (CA) 12 V 0.5/5 W (LED)
1-14 GENERAL INFORMATION
General Specifications
Alternator:
Items
Type
Rated output
ZX600-K1 (Ninja ZX-6RR)
Three-phase AC
22.5 A / 14 V @5 000 r/min (rpm)
Specifications subject to change without notice, and may not apply to every country.
(US):
(CAL):
(CA):
(FR):
United States Model
California Model
Canada Model
France Model
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-15
Technical Information – Air Inlet System
Center Ram Air Inlet
The ram air duct was moved from both left and right side
to center of the fairing so that incoming air has a straighter
path to the airbox, increasing ram air efficiency. The duct
was also designed to maintain optimum airflow despite extreme changes in bike attitude, such as during hard acceleration, braking, and cornering. With fewer parts and the
duct also acting as the instrument, the new system also cuts
weight.
A. Inlet Duct
B. Frame
C. Air Cleaner Element
D. Air Cleaner Housing
E. Resonator
F. Air Duct #1, 4 (Short)
G. Air Duct #2, 3 (Long)
H. Guide Vane
1-16 GENERAL INFORMATION
Technical Information – Air Inlet System
Subthrottle Control System
The ZX636–B1 ∼ and ZX600–K1 utilize large bore throttle bodies to increase power output. However, sudden changes in throttle opening can cause hesitation and jerky throttle response with a single
butterfly valve in a large bore. Therefore two throttle valves are placed in each inlet tract, the main
throttle valve located closest to the cylinder and a subthrottle valve placed further up the inlet tract.
The main throttle valve is operated by the rider when the throttle grip is turned, while the subthrottle valve is operated by a stepping motor controlled by the ECU. The subthrottle valve automatically
adjusts air inlet to more precisely match engine demand, so that when the main throttle is opened
quickly there is no hesitation or jerky response.
The subthrottle valves allow the fuel injection system to provide smooth throttle response, similar to
that of a constant velocity carburetor, no matter how quickly the throttle is opened.
A. Main Throttle Valve
B. Subthrottle Valve
C. Throttle Valve
D. Vacuum Piston
E. Inlet Air
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-17
Technical Information – Air Inlet System
Operation
The subthrottle control system consists of the subthrottle valve, subthrottle valve actuator with a
stepping motor built in it, ECU, and subthrottle sensor. The subthrottle valve is built in the each throttle
body.
The subthrottle control system operates on the signal supplied from the ECU. The open/close operation of the subthrottle valve is performed by the subthrottle actuator which is controlled by the ECU
to change the current direction into the motor of the subthrottle valve actuator.
The subthrottle sensor detects the subthrottle valve actuator movement by measuring voltage and
the ECU determines the subthrottle valve angle based on the operation map.
When turning the ignition switch ON, every time the ECU automatically drives the subthrottle valve
from fully closed position to fully opened position. The ECU memorizes these positions and turns
back the subthrottle valve to the original point to confirm the subthrottle valve idling voltage.
A. Subthrottle Valves
B. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
C. Subthrottle Sensor
D. Main Throttle Sensor
E. ECU (Electric Control Unit)
F. Air Cleaner Side
G. Crankshaft Sensor
H. Speed Sensor
1-18 GENERAL INFORMATION
Technical Information – New Ignition Interlock Sidestand
Outline
The New Ignition Interlock Sidestand System applied to ZX636–B1 ∼ and ZX600–K1 models that
cannot function if gears are engaged and/or the sidestand is not lifted upward even though clutch
lever pulled in, which differs from the traditional one. Refer to the tables below as to the engine starts
and/or the driving at each condition.
New Ignition Interlock Sidestand System
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Side Stand
Up
Up
Up
Up
Down
Down
Down
Down
Gear Position
Neutral
Neutral
In Gear
In Gear
Neutral
Neutral
In Gear
In Gear
Clutch Lever
Released
Pulled in
Released
Pulled in
Released
Pulled in
Released
Pulled in
Engine Start
Starts
Starts
Doesn’t start
Starts
Starts
Starts
Doesn’t start
Doesn’t start
Engine Run
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Stops
Stops
Current Ignition Interlock Sidestand System
C
D
Side Stand
Up
Up
Up
Up
E
F
G
H
Down
Down
Down
Down
A
B
Gear Position
Neutral
Neutral
In Gear
In Gear
Neutral
Neutral
In Gear
In Gear
Clutch Lever
Released
Pulled in
Released
Pulled in
Released
Pulled in
Released
Pulled in
Engine Start
Starts
Starts
Doesn’t start
Starts
Starts
Starts
Doesn’t start
Start
Engine Run
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Continue running
Stops
Continue running
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-19
Technical Information – Tail/Brake Lights Employing LED
Outline
This model employs a tail/brake light containing 21 Light Emitting Diodes (LED). The LED emits
luminous beams over a longer life span than those emitted from a traditional electric heated bulb
(more than 5 times longer), uses lower voltage, expends lower wattage (approx.1/5), and is quicker
responsing.
Due Position of LED Installation
The resistors, the diodes, and the Zener diodes are
mounted in the electronic circuits [A] of the LED, which
supplies the steady current and voltage to the light.
Light Emitting Diode (LED)
The Light Emitting Diode (LED) [A] is an element of semiconductor diode that converts applied voltage to light.
The LED emits luminous beams by the collision of negative charge electrons [A] and positive charge holes [B] when
applied the forward voltage and current to the PN junction
diode [C].
1-20 GENERAL INFORMATION
Technical Information – Tail/Brake Lights Employing LED
The emitting color differs according to the materials of
semi-conductors.
Materials of Semi-Conductor and Emitting Color
Materials of Semi-Conductor
Emitting Color
GaAsP,
GaAlAs
Red
GaP
Green
GaN
Blue
Ga: Gallium
As: Arsenic
P: Phosphorus
N: Nitrogen
Al: Aluminum
GENERAL INFORMATION 1-21
Technical Information – KAWASAKI LOW EXHAUST EMISSION SYSTEM
Since the emission regulations become more severe, Kawasaki has adopted a type of simplified
KAWASAKI LOW EXHAUST EMISSION SYSTEM (KLEEN), which have no catalyst protection system, according to each regulation of different countries.
The muffler with built-in catalyst has the same durability as the conventional muffler, however, do
not use leaded gasoline and do not coast with the ignition system OFF. Running the engine without
ignition damages catalyst.
Refer to the ZX636A Service Manual (Part No. 99924-1288) for more information about the KLEEN
(theory, maintenance, and handling precautions), including the secondary air injection system.
Honeycomb Type Catalytic Converter
○The converter is a three-way catalytic converter, and its surface is covered with alumina upon which
platinum and rhodium are applied, and has a cylindrical metallic honeycomb structure made by
bending a corrugated sheet and a flat sheet of stainless steel into a spiral of increasing diameter.
The honeycomb structure is convenient for the catalytic converter because it has a large surface
area but small size to react effectively and has low exhaust resistance. In addition, its inherent
strength helps resist vibration, and has simple structure welded directly on the silencer.
○Generally, the temperature of the exhaust gas must be higher than activation temperature, so the
converters are installed in the exhaust manifold rear end where the temperature of exhaust gas is
still high. And, the converters will be activated even under low load conditions.
○After the exhaust gas is diluted with the secondary air injection, the catalytic converter works well
because of rich oxygen to reduce CO, HC, and NOx. Accordingly, we can keep the exhaust gas
emission within regulation.
○This type of converter works more efficiently as a three-way catalytic converter to reduce CO, HC,
and NOx than the pipe type catalytic converter because of its more and denser catalysts.
1. Manifold
2. Silencer
3. Honeycomb Type Catalyst
4. Non-Catalyst (Pipe Type)
5. Mark for Manifold
6. Mark for Silencer
1-22 GENERAL INFORMATION
Unit Conversion Table
Prefixes for Units:
Prefix
mega
kilo
centi
milli
micro
Symbol
M
k
c
m
µ
Units of Length:
×
×
×
×
×
Power
1 000 000
1 000
0.01
0.001
0.000001
Units of Mass:
kg
g
×
×
2.205
0.03527
=
=
lb
oz
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
gal (US)
gal (imp)
qt (US)
qt (imp)
pint (US)
pint (imp)
oz (US)
oz (imp)
cu in
Units of Volume:
L
L
L
L
L
L
mL
mL
mL
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
×
0.2642
0.2200
1.057
0.8799
2.113
1.816
0.03381
0.02816
0.06102
km
m
mm
×
×
×
0.6214
3.281
0.03937
=
=
=
mile
ft
in
=
=
=
=
=
=
kgf·m
ft·lb
in·lb
N·m
ft·lb
in·lb
=
=
=
=
=
=
kgf/cm²
psi
cm Hg
kPa
psi
kPa
=
mph
=
=
=
=
PS
HP
kW
HP
Units of Torque:
N·m
N·m
N·m
kgf·m
kgf·m
kgf·m
×
×
×
×
×
×
0.1020
0.7376
8.851
9.807
7.233
86.80
Units of Pressure:
kPa
kPa
kPa
kgf/cm²
kgf/cm²
cm Hg
×
×
×
×
×
×
0.01020
0.1450
0.7501
98.07
14.22
1.333
Units of Speed:
km/h
×
0.6214
Units of Force:
N
N
kg
kg
×
×
×
×
0.1020
0.2248
9.807
2.205
Units of Temperature:
=
=
=
=
kg
lb
N
lb
Units of Power:
kW
kW
PS
PS
×
×
×
×
1.360
1.341
0.7355
0.9863
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-1
Periodic Maintenance
2
Table of Contents
Periodic Maintenance Chart ..............
Torque and Locking Agent.................
Specifications ....................................
Special Tools .....................................
Maintenance Procedure ....................
Fuel System (DFI)...........................
Fuel Hose and Connection
Inspection..................................
Throttle Control System
Inspection..................................
Idle Speed Inspection ..................
Idle Speed Adjustment.................
Engine Vacuum Synchronization
Inspection..................................
Air Cleaner Element
Replacement .............................
Evaporative Emission Control
System Inspection (California
model) .......................................
Cooling System...............................
Cooling Hose and Connection
Inspection..................................
Coolant Change ...........................
Engine Top End ..............................
Air Suction Valve Check...............
Valve Clearance Check................
Clutch..............................................
Clutch Adjustment Check.............
Engine Lubrication System .............
Engine Oil Change.......................
Oil Filter Replacement .................
Wheels/Tires ...................................
2-2
2-4
2-9
2-11
2-12
2-12
2-12
2-12
2-13
2-13
2-14
2-17
2-18
2-19
2-19
2-19
2-21
2-21
2-22
2-26
2-26
2-27
2-27
2-27
2-28
Tire Wear Check ..........................
Final Drive.......................................
Drive Chain Wear Check .............
Drive Chain Lubrication................
Brakes.............................................
Brake Pad Wear Check ...............
Brake Light Switch Check ............
Caliper Piston Seal and Dust Seal
Replacement .............................
Brake Master Cylinder Cup and
Dust Seal Replacement ............
Brake Fluid Check........................
Brake Hoses and Connections
Check ........................................
Suspension .....................................
Front Fork Oil Leak Check ...........
Rear Shock Absorber Oil Leak
Check ........................................
Swingarm Pivot Lubrication .........
Uni-trak Linkage Lubrication ........
Steering ..........................................
Steering Check ............................
Steering Stem Bearing
Lubrication.................................
Electrical System ............................
Spark Plug Check ........................
General Lubrication ........................
Lubrication ..................................
Nut, Bolts, and Fasteners Tightness
Check...........................................
Tightness Inspection ....................
2-28
2-29
2-29
2-32
2-32
2-32
2-32
2-33
2-33
2-33
2-37
2-37
2-37
2-37
2-37
2-37
2-38
2-38
2-39
2-39
2-39
2-40
2-40
2-42
2-42
2-2 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Periodic Maintenance Chart
The scheduled maintenance must be done in accordance with this chart to keep the motorcycle in
good running condition. The initial maintenance is vitally important and must not be neglected.
FREQUENCY Whichever
comes
first
→
↓
1 000 km
* ODOMETER READING
(600 mile)
6 000 km
(4 000 mile)
12 000 km
( 7 500 mile)
18 000 km
(12 000 mile)
24 000 km
(15 000 mile)
30 000 km
(20 000 mile)
36 000 km
(24 000 mile)
OPERATION
Every
Air cleaner element replace #
Throttle control system - inspect †
Idle speed - inspect †
Engine vacuum synchronization - inspect †
Fuel hoses, Connections - inspect †
Evaporative emission control system
(CAL) - inspect †
Cooling hoses, connection - inspect †
Coolant - change
2 years
Air suction valve - inspect †
Valve clearance - inspect †
Clutch adjustment - inspect †
Engine oil - change #
year
Oil filter - replace
Tire wear - inspect †
Drive chain wear - inspect †#
Drive chain - lubricate #
600 km
Drive chain slack - inspect †#
1000 km
Brake pad wear - inspect †#
Brake light switch - inspect †
Brake hoses, connections - inspect †
Brake fluid level - inspect †
month
Brake fluid - change
2 years
Brake master cylinder cup and dust seal
- replace
Caliper piston seal and dust seal - replace
See Page
•
•
• • • • • • •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • • • • •
• • • • • • •
•
•
• • • • • •
•
• • • • • • •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • • • • •
• • • • • •
• • • • • •
• • • • • • •
• • • • • •
• • • • • • •
• • • • • •
• • • • • • •
•
2–18
2–12
2–13
2–14
2–12
2–19
2–20
2–20
2–22
2–22
2–27
2–28
2–28
2–29
2–31
2–33
2–31
2–33
2–34
2–40
2–35
2–36
4 years
2–35
4 years
2–34
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-3
Periodic Maintenance Chart
FREQUENCY Whichever
comes
first
→
↓
1 000 km
* ODOMETER READING
(600 mile)
6 000 km
(4 000 mile)
12 000 km
( 7 500 mile)
18 000 km
(12 000 mile)
24 000 km
(15 000 mile)
30 000 km
(20 000 mile)
36 000 km
(24 000 mile)
OPERATION
Every
Rear shock absorber oil leak - inspect †
Front fork oil leak - inspect †
Swingarm pivot, Uni-trak linkage - lubricate
Steering - inspect †
Steering stem bearing - lubricate
Spark plug - clean and gap †
General lubrication - perform
Nut, bolts, and fasteners tightness - inspect
†
2 years
See Page
•
•
•
• • • •
•
•
•
•
•
•
• • •
•
• • • • • •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2–41
2–41
2–41
2–42
2–43
2–44
2–44
2–46
# : Service more frequently when operating in severe conditions; dusty, wet, muddy, high speed,
or frequent starting / stopping.
* : For higher odometer readings, repeat at the frequency interval established here.
† : Replace, add, adjust, clean, or torque if necessary.
(CAL): California model only
2-4 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Torque and Locking Agent
The following tables list the tightening torque
for the major fasteners requiring use of a non
-permanent locking agent or liquid gasket.
Letters used in the “Remarks” column mean:
AL: Tighten the two clamp bolts alternately
two times to ensure even tightening
torque.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent to
the threads.
G: Apply grease to the threads.
MO: Apply molybdenum disulfide grease oil
solution.
O: Apply oil to the threads and seating surface.
S: Tighten the fasteners following the specified sequence.
SS: Apply silicone sealant.
Si: Apply silicone grease (ex. PBC grease).
R: Replacement parts
Fastener
Fuel System:
Air Cleaner Housing Mounting Bolt
Air Inlet Duct Mounting Bolts
Air Cleaner Housing Holder Clamp Bolts
Intake Air Pressure Sensor Screw
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Screw
Fuel Delivery Pipe Mounting Screws
Throttle Body Assembly Holder Clamp Bolts
Throttle Body Assembly Holder Bolts
Camshaft Position Sensor
Water Temperature Sensor
Vehicle-Down Sensor
Speed Sensor Mounting Bolt
Crankshaft Sensor Mounting Bolts
Fuel Pump Bolts
Cooling System:
Water Hose Clamp Screws
Coolant Drain Plug (Water Pump)
Coolant Drain Plug (Cylinder)
Radiator Fan Switch
Water Temperature Sensor
Water Pump Impeller Bolt
Water Pump Cover Bolts
Thermostat Housing Cover Bolts
The table below, relating tightening torque to
thread diameter, lists the basic torque for the
bolts and nuts. Use this table for only the bolts
and nuts which do not require a specific torque
value. All of the values are for use with dry
solvent-cleaned threads.
Basic Torque for General Fasteners
Threads
dia.
(mm)
5
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
N·m
Torque
N·m
kgf·m
ft·lb
3.4 ∼ 4.9
5.9 ∼ 7.8
14 ∼19
25 ∼ 34
44 ∼ 61
73 ∼ 98
115 ∼ 155
165 ∼ 225
225 ∼ 325
0.35 ∼ 0.50
0.60 ∼ 0.80
1.4 ∼1.9
2.6 ∼ 3.5
4.5 ∼ 6.2
7.4 ∼ 10.0
11.5 ∼ 16.0
17.0 ∼ 23.0
23 ∼ 33
30 ∼ 43 in·lb
52 ∼ 69 in·lb
10.0 ∼ 13.5
19.0 ∼ 25
33 ∼ 45
54 ∼ 72
83 ∼ 115
125 ∼ 165
165 ∼ 240
Torque
kgf·m
ft·lb
6.9
6.9
2.5
4.9
4.9
3.4
3.0
12
12
25
2.0
3.9
5.9
9.8
0.70
0.70
0.25
0.50
0.50
0.35
0.31
1.2
1.2
2.5
0.20
0.40
0.60
1.0
61 in·lb
61 in·lb
22 in·lb
43 in·lb
43 in·lb
30 in·lb
27 in·lb
106 in·lb
106 in·lb
18
17 in·lb
35 in·lb
52 in·lb
87 in·lb
2.0
8.8
8.8
18
25
9.8
12
5.9
0.20
0.90
0.90
1.8
2.5
1.0
1.2
0.60
17 in·lb
78 in·lb
78 in·lb
13
18
87 in·lb
104 in·lb
52 in·lb
Remarks
L
SS
L
SS
L
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-5
Torque and Locking Agent
Fastener
Coolant By-pass Fitting
Water Hose Fitting Bolts
Radiator Mounting Bolts
Radiator Bracket Mounting Bolts
Coolant Reserve Tank Mounting Screws
Oil Cooler Bolt
Water Passage Plugs
Engine Top End:
Spark Plugs
Air Suction Valve Cover Bolts
Cylinder Head Cover Bolts
Camshaft Chain Tensioner Mounting Bolts
Camshaft Cap Bolts
Cylinder Head Bolts:
φ9
φ6
Cylinder Head Jacket Plug (Left)
Cylinder Head Jacket Plug (Upper)
Front Camshaft Chain Guide Bolt (Upper)
Throttle Valve Holder Bolts
Exhaust Pipe Clamp Bolts
Coolant By-pass Fitting
Water Temperature Sensor
Camshaft Position Sensor Bolt
Camshaft Sprocket Bolts
Front Camshaft Chain Guide Bolt (Lower)
Rear Camshaft Chain Guide Bolt
Camshaft Chain Tensioner Cap Bolt
Water Jacket Drain Bolt
Exhaust Pipe Manifold Nut
Muffler Body Bolt
Clutch:
Clutch Cover Bolts
Clutch Spring Bolts
Clutch Hub Nut
Clutch Lever Holder Bolts
Clutch Sub Hub Bolts
Engine Lubrication System:
Oil Filler Plug
Engine Drain Plug
Oil Filter (Cartridge type)
Oil Cooler Bolt
Oil Pan Bolts
N·m
8.8
12
6.9
6.9
6.9
78
20
Torque
kgf·m
0.90
1.2
0.70
0.70
0.70
8.0
2.0
ft·lb
78 in·lb
106 in·lb
61 in·lb
61 in·lb
61 in·lb
58
14
13
12
9.8
9.8
12
1.3
1.2
1.0
1.0
1.2
113 in·lb
104 in·lb
87 in·lb
87 in·lb
104 in·lb
40
4.1
30
12
20
20
25
12
17
8.8
25
12
15
12
25
29
8.8
17
30
1.2
2.0
2.0
2.5
1.2
1.7
0.90
2.5
1.2
1.5
1.2
2.5
3.0
0.90
1.7
3.0
104 in·lb
14.5
14.5
18
104 in·lb
12
78 in·lb
18
104 in·lb
11
104 in·lb
18
21
78 in·lb
12
22
12
8.8
130
7.8
25
1.2
0.90
13.5
0.80
2.5
104 in·lb
78 in·lb
98
69 in·lb
18
1.5
29
31
78
9.8
0.15
3.0
3.2
8.0
1.0
13 in·lb
22
23
58
87 in·lb
Remarks
L
L
S, O
(Washer)
S
L
L
L
SS
L
L(2, Front)
R
S
L
R, O
R
2-6 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Torque and Locking Agent
Fastener
Oil Pipe Holder Bolts
Oil Pressure Relief Valve
Oil Pressure Switch
Oil Pressure Switch Terminal Bolt
Impeller Bolt
Oil Passage Plug
Oil Jet Nozzle Bolts
Cooling Hose Clamp
Oil Filter Clamp Bolt
Engine Removal/Installation:
Engine Mounting Bolts and Nuts
Engine Mounting Locknuts
Engine Mounting Adjusting Bolts
Crankshaft/Transmission:
Breather Plate Bolts
Oil Passage Plug (Left)
Oil Passage Plug (Right)
Connecting Rod Big End Nuts
Harness Clamp Bolt
Timing Rotor Bolt
Oil Pressure Switch
Gear Positioning Lever Bolt
Shift Shaft Return Spring Pin (Bolt)
Neutral Switch
Shift Drum Bearing Holder Bolt
Shift Drum Bearing Holder Screw
Shift Drum Cam Holder Bolt
Oil Pipe Holder Bolts
Crankshaft Sensor Cover Bolts
Oil Jet Nozzle Bolts
Starter Motor Clutch Bolt
Upper Crankcase Bolts (7mm)
Upper Crankcase Bolts (6mm)
Lower Crankcase Bolts (7mm) (Front)
Lower Crankcase Bolts (7mm) (Rear)
Lower Crankcase Bolts(6mm)
Wheels/Tires:
Front Axle Clamp Bolts
Front Axle Nut
Rear Axle Nut
Final Drive:
Engine Sprocket Nut
Engine Sprocket Cover Bolts
N·m
12
15
15
1.5
9.8
15
6.9
2.0
5.9
Torque
kgf·m
1.2
1.5
1.5
0.15
1.0
1.5
0.70
0.20
0.60
ft·lb
104 in·lb
11
11
13 in·lb
87 in·lb
11
61 in·lb
17 in·lb
52 in·lb
Remarks
L
SS
G
44
49
20
4.5
5.0
2.0
33
36
14
S
9.8
20
15
in the text
8.8
44
15
9.8
28
15
12
4.9
12
12
9.8
6.9
33
20
12
27
24
12
1.0
2.0
1.5
←
0.90
4.5
1.5
1.0
2.9
1.5
1.2
0.50
1.2
1.23
1.0
0.70
3.4
2.0
1.2
2.8
2.4
1.2
87 in·lb
14.5
11
←
78 in·lb
33
11
87 in·lb
21
11
104 in·lb
43 in·lb
104 in·lb
104 in·lb
87 in·lb
61 in·lb
24
14.5
104 in·lb
20
18
104 in·lb
L
L
20
127
127
2.0
13.0
13.0
14.5
94
94
AL
125
6.9
13.0
0.70
92
61 in·lb
MO
S
SS
L
L
L
L (1)
L
L
S
S
S
S
S
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-7
Torque and Locking Agent
Fastener
Speed Sensor Mounting Bolt
Rear Sprocket Nuts
Rear Sprocket Studs
Brakes:
Bleed Valves
Brake Hose Banjo Bolts
Brake Lever Pivot Bolt
Brake Lever Pivot Bolt Locknut
Front Brake Reservoir Cap Stopper Screws
Front Brake Light Switch Screws
Front Master Cylinder Clamp Bolts
Front Caliper Mounting Bolts
Caliper Assembly Bolts (Front)
Front Brake Disc Mounting Bolts
Rear Brake Disc Mounting Bolts
Rear Caliper Mounting Bolts
Rear Master Cylinder Mounting Bolts
Rear Master Cylinder Push Rod Locknut
Front Brake Pad Pins
Suspension:
Front Fork Clamp Bolts (Upper)
Front Fork Clamp Bolts (Lower)
Front Fork Top Plugs
Piston Rod Nut
Front Fork Bottom Allen Bolts
Front Axle Clamp Bolts
Rear Shock Absorber Nuts (Upper and
Lower)
Rear Shock Absorber Upper Bracket Nut
Swingarm Pivot Shaft Nut
Uni-Trak
Rocker Arm Nut
Tie-Rod Nuts
Swingarm Pivot Shaft
ZX636
ZX600
Swingarm Pivot Shaft Lock Nut
Steering:
Steering Stem Head Nut
Steering Stem Nut
Handlebar Bolts
Handlebar Holder Position Bolts
Handlebar Weight Screws
Handlebar Switch Housing Screws
N·m
3.9
59
–
Torque
kgf·m
0.40
6.0
–
ft·lb
35 in·lb
43
–
7.8
25
1.0
6.0
1.2
1.2
8.8
34
22
27
27
25
25
18
15
0.80
2.5
0.10
0.61
0.12
0.12
0.90
3.5
2.2
2.8
2.8
2.5
2.5
1.8
1.5
69 in·lb
18
9 in·lb
53 in·lb
10 in·lb
10 in·lb
78 in·lb
25
16
20
20
18
18
13
11
20
20
23
15
40
20
2.0
2.0
2.3
1.5
4.0
2.0
14.5
14.5
17
11
30
14.5
34
3.5
25
59
108
6.0
11
43
81
34
59
20
25
98
3.5
6.0
2.0
2.5
10
25
43
14
18
72
78
20
25
9.8
–
3.5
8.0
2.0
2.5
1.0
–
0.36
58
14.5
18
87 in·lb
–
31 in·lb
Remarks
L
L
Si
S
L
L
AL
L
AL
L
L
2-8 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Torque and Locking Agent
Fastener
Clutch Lever Holder Bolts
Frame:
Footpeg Holder Bolts
Side Stand Bolt
Footpeg Stay Bolts
Side Stand Bracket Bolts
Rear Frame Bolts and Nuts
Side Stand Switch Bolt
Wind Shield Mounting Screws
Front Fender Mounting Bolts
Electrical System:
Spark Plugs
Alternator Rotor Bolt
Stator Coil Bolts
Alternator Lead Holding Plate Bolts
Engine Ground Lead Terminal Bolt
Alternator Cover Bolts
Crankshaft Sensor Cover Bolts
Crankshaft Sensor Bolts
Timing Rotor Bolt
Starter Motor Mounting Bolts
Handlebar Switch Housing Screws
Radiator Fan Switch
Water Temperature Sensor
Oil Pressure Switch
Oil Pressure Switch Terminal Bolt
Neutral Switch
Front Brake Light Switch Screws
Side Stand Switch Bolt
Tail/Brake Light Mounting Screws
License Light Mounting Screws
License Light Mounting Assembly Screws
Camshaft Position Sensor Bolt
Fuel Pump Bolt
N·m
7.8
Torque
kgf·m
0.80
ft·lb
69 in·lb
34
44
25
49
59
8.8
0.40
3.9
3.5
4.5
2.5
5.0
6.0
0.90
0.04
0.40
25
32
18
36
43
78 in·lb
3.5 in·lb
35 in·lb
13
120
12
6.9
9.8
12
9.8
5.9
44
9.8
3.5
18
25
15
1.5
15
1.2
8.8
1.2
1.2
1.0
12
9.8
1.3
12.0
1.2
0.70
1.0
1.2
1.0
0.60
4.5
1.0
0.36
1.8
2.5
1.5
0.15
1.5
0.12
0.90
0.12
0.12
0.10
1.2
1.0
113 in·lb
87
110 in·lb
61 in·lb
87 in·lb
104 in·lb
87 in·lb
52 in·lb
33
87 in·lb
31 in·lb
13
18
11
13 in·lb
11
10 in·lb
78 in·lb
12 in·lb
12 in·lb
8.7 in·lb
106 in·lb
87 in·lb
Remarks
S
L
G
L
L
L
L (1)
L
L
SS
G
L
S
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-9
Specifications
Item
Fuel System:
Throttle grip free play
Idle speed
Throttle body vacuum:
ZX636B
ZX600K
Air cleaner element
Cooling System:
Coolant:
Type (recommended)
Color
Mixed ratio
Freezing point
Total amount
Engine Top End:
Valve clearance:
Inlet
Exhaust
Clutch:
Clutch lever free play
Engine Lubrication System:
Engine oil:
Type
Viscosity
Capacity
Level
Tires:
Tread depth:
Front
BRIDGESTONE
Rear
Standard
Service Limit
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in.)
1 300 ± 50 r/min (rpm)
– – –
– – –
24 ± 1.3 kPa (180 ± 10 mmHg)
22 ± 1.3 kPa (165 ± 10 mmHg)
at Idle Speed
Viscous paper element
– – –
– – –
Permanent type antifreeze
Green
Soft water 50%, Coolant 50%
–35°C (–31°F)
2.4 L (2.5 US qt.)
– – –
0.11 ∼ 0.19 mm (0.004 ∼ 0.008 in.)
0.22 ∼ 0.31 mm (0.009 ∼ 0.012 in.)
– – –
– – –
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in.)
– – –
API SE, SF or SG
API SH or SJ with JASO MA
SAE 10W-40
3.4 L (3.6 US qt) (when filter is not
removed)
– – –
3.6 L (3.8 US qt) (when filter is removed)
4.0 L (4.2 US qt) (when engine is
completely dry)
Between upper and lower level lines
(Wait 2 ∼ 3 minutes after idling or
running)
– – –
3.8 mm (0.15 in.)
MICHELIN
3.8 mm (0.15 in.)
BRIDGESTONE
5.8 mm (0.23 in.)
MICHELIN
5.6 mm (0.22 in.)
– – –
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
– – –
– – –
– – –
– – –
1 mm (0.04 in.)
(DE, AT, CH)
1.6 mm (0.06 in.)
Up to 130 km/h (80
mph): 2 mm (0.08
in.)
Over 130 km/h (80
mph): 3 mm (0.12
in.)
2-10 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Specifications
Item
Air pressure: (when cold)
Front
Rear
Final Drive:
Drive chain slack
Drive chain wear (20-link length)
Brakes:
Brake fluid:
Grade
Brake pad lining thickness:
Front
Rear
Brake light timing:
Front
Rear
Electrical System:
Spark plug gap
AT: Austria
CH: Switzerland
DE: Germany
US: United States
Standard
Up to 180 kg (397 lb) load:
250 kPa (2.5 kgf/cm², 36 psi)
Up to 180 kg (397 lb) load:
290 kPa (2.9 kgf/cm², 42 psi)
25 ∼ 30 mm (1.0 ∼ 1.2 in.)
317.5 ∼ 318.2 mm (12.50 ∼ 12.53 in.)
DOT4
4.0 mm (0.16 in.)
5 mm (0.20 in.)
Service Limit
– – –
– – –
– – –
323 mm (12.7 in.)
– – –
1 mm (0.04 in.)
1 mm (0.04 in.)
Pulled ON
On after about 10 mm (0.39 in.) of pedal
travel
– – –
0.7 ∼ 0.8 mm (0.028 ∼ 0.031 in.)
– – –
– – –
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-11
Special Tools
Steering Stem Nut Wrench:
57001–1100
Pilot Screw Adjuster, C:
57001–1292
Jack:
57001–1238
Lead Wire-Peak Voltage Adapter:
57001–1449
Oil Filter Wrench:
57001–1249
2-12 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Fuel System (DFI)
Fuel Hose and Connection Inspection
○The fuel hose [A] is designed to be used throughout the
•
•
motorcycle’s life without any maintenance. However, if
the motorcycle is not properly handled, the high pressure
inside the fuel line can cause fuel to leak or the hose to
burst. Remove the fuel tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter) and check the fuel hose.
Replace the fuel hose if any fraying, cracks [B] or bulges
[C] are noticed.
Check that the hose joints are securely connected.
When installing the fuel hose, avoid sharp bending, kinking, flattening or twisting.
Replace the hose if it has been sharply bent or kinked.
Throttle Control System Inspection
Free Play Inspection
Check the throttle grip free play [A].
If the free play is incorrect, adjust the throttle cables.
•
Throttle Grip Free Play
Standard:
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in)
that the throttle grip [B] moves smoothly from full
• Check
open to close, and the throttle closes quickly and com-
•
pletely by the return spring in all steering positions.
If the throttle grip does not return properly, check the throttle cables routing, grip free play, and cable damage. Then
lubricate the throttle cable.
Run the engine at the idle speed, and turn the handlebar
all the way to the right and left to ensure that the idle speed
does not change.
If the idle speed increases, check the throttle cable free
play and the cable routing.
Free Play Adjustment
Loosen the locknuts [A] [B].
Screw both throttle cable adjusters [C] [D] to give the
throttle grip plenty of play.
Turn out the decelerator cable adjuster [C] until there is
no play when the throttle grip is completely closed.
Tighten the locknut [A].
Turn the accelerator cable adjuster [D] until 2 ∼ 3 mm
(0.08 ∼ 0.12 in.) of throttle grip play is obtained.
Tighten the locknut [B]
If the free paly cannot be adjusted with the adjusters, replace the cable.
•
•
•
•
•
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-13
Maintenance Procedure
Throttle Bore Cleaning
Check the throttle bore for cleanliness as follows:
○Remove:
Throttle Body (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
○Check the main throttle valves and throttle bores [A] for
carbon deposits by opening the main throttle valves.
If any carbon accumulates, wipe the carbon off the throttle bores around the throttle bores and the throttle valves,
using a cotton pad penetrated with a high-flash point solvent. Be careful not to remove molybdenum disulfide coat
(black) [B] from the throttle valves and the bores.
•
CAUTION
Do not rub these surfaces hard and do not use a carburetor cleaning solution, which damage molybdenum disulfide coat; instead, use a high-flash point
cleaning solution and wipe slowly.
Idle Speed Inspection
the engine and warm it up thoroughly.
• Start
With
the
• [A]. engine idling, turn the handlebar to both sides
If handlebar movement changes the idle speed, the
throttle cables may be improperly adjusted or incorrectly
routed, or damaged. Be sure to correct any of these
conditions before riding (see Cable Routing Section in
Appendix chapter).
WARNING
Operation with improperly adjusted, incorrectly
routed, or damaged cables could result in an unsafe riding condition.
the idle speed.
• Check
If the idle speed is out of specified range, adjust it.
Idle Speed
Standard:
1 300 ± 50 r/min (rpm)
Idle Speed Adjustment
the engine and warm it up thoroughly.
• Start
the adjusting screw [A] until the idle speed is correct.
•○Turn
Open and close the throttle a few times to make sure that
the idle speed is within the specified range. Readjust if
necessary.
2-14 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Engine Vacuum Synchronization Inspection
NOTE
○These procedures are explained on the assumption that
the inlet and exhaust systems of the engine are in good
condition.
the motorcycle so that it is vertical.
• Situate
Remove:
• Air Cleaner Housing (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
off the vacuum hoses [A] and the rubber cap [B] from
• Pull
the right fittings of each throttle body.
• For California model, pull off the vacuum hose [C].
CAUTION
Do not remove the inlet air pressure sensor hoses
[D] on the left fitting of each throttle body.
a commercially available vacuum gauge and
• Connect
hoses [A] to the fittings on the throttle body.
a highly accurate tachometer to one of the stick
• Connect
coil primary leads using the adapter [A].
Special Tool - Lead Wire-Peak Voltage Adapter:
57001-1449
the fuel tank so that the throttle bodies can be
• Position
reached.
○Connect a commercially available fuel hose [A] and a fuel
pump lead connector [B].
○Secure the fuel hose with clamps.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-15
Maintenance Procedure
• Plug:
Vacuum Switch Valve Hose [A] and its Air Cleaner Housing
Hole [B]
Removed Vacuum Hoses
the air cleaner housing [A].
• Install
Start
the
and warm it up thoroughly.
• Check theengine
idle
speed.
• If the idle speed is out of the specified range, adjust it.
[B] Tachometer
CAUTION
Do not measure the idle speed by the tachometer of
the meter unit.
idling the engine, inspect the engine vacuum, using
• While
the vacuum gauge [C].
Engine Vacuum
Standard:
ZX636B : 24 ± 1.3 kPa (180 ± 10 mmHg)
ZX600K : 22 ± 1.3 kPa (165 ± 10 mmHg)
at Idle Speed 1 300 ± 50 r/min (rpm)
If any one vacuum measurement is not within specifications, first synchronize the #1 and #2 throttle valves to #3
and #4 throttle valves by using the center adjusting screw
[A].
Example:
#1: 170 mmHg
#2: 200 mmHg
#3: 165 mmHg
#4: 190 mmHg
the engine at the correct idle speed, equalize the
• With
highest vacuum of 1 and 2 (example 200 mmHg) to the
highest vacuum of 3 and 4 (example 190 mmHg) by turning the center adjusting screw [A].
○After adjustment,
NOTE
the final vacuum measurement between the highest throttle valves may not be 200 mmHg
(in this example). The goal is to have the highest two
vacuums between the left (1 and 2) and right (3 and 4)
banks be the same and be within the service limits.
and close the throttle after each measurement and
• Open
adjust the idle speed as necessary.
the throttle valves have been synchronized, inspect
• Once
the main throttle sensor’s output voltage to ensure proper
operation (procedure is at the end of this section).
2-16 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
If any one vacuum measurement is out of the standard
measurement after synchronization, adjust the bypass
screws [A].
Special Tool - Pilot Screw Adjuster, C: 57001-1292
the lowest vacuum between #1 and #2 to the high• Adjust
est of 1 and 2.
the lowest vacuum between #3 and #4 to the high• Adjust
est of 3 and 4.
and close the throttle valves after every measure• Open
ment and adjust the idle speed as necessary.
the vacuums as before.
• Inspect
If all vacuums are within the specification, finish the engine vacuum synchronization.
If any vacuum cannot be adjusted within the specification,
remove the bypass screws #1 ∼ #4 and clean them.
in the bypass screw [A] and count the number of
• Turn
turns until it seals fully but not tightly. Record the number
of turns.
Torque - Bypass Screw: 0.2 N·m (0.02 kgf·m, 1.7 in·lb)
CAUTION
Do not over tighten them. They could be damaged,
requiring replacement.
• Remove:
Bypass Screw
•
•
•
•
Spring [B]
Washer [C]
O-ring [D]
Check the bypass screw and its hole for carbon deposits.
If any carbon accumulates, wipe the carbon off the bypass
screw and the hole, using a cotton bud penetrated with a
high-flash point solvent.
Replace the O-ring with a new one.
Check the tapered portion [E] of the bypass screw for
wear or damage.
If the bypass screw is worn or damaged, replace it.
Turn in the bypass screw until it seats fully but not tightly.
Torque - Bypass Screw: 0.2 N·m (0.02 kgf·m, 1.7 in·lb)
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-17
Maintenance Procedure
out the same number of turns counted when first
• Back
turned in. This is to set the screw to its original position.
NOTE
○A throttle body has different “turns out” of the bypass
screw for each individual unit. When setting the bypass
screw, use the “turns out” determined during disassembly. Use the specifications in this manual only if the original number is unknown.
the same procedure for other bypass screws.
• Repeat
Repeat
the synchronization.
• If the vacuums
are correct, check the output voltage of
the main throttle sensor (see Output Voltage Inspection of
Main Throttle Sensor in the Fuel System (DFI) chapter).
Main Throttle Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → Y/W lead (terminal 2)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
Standard:
1.02 ∼ 1.06 V DC (at idle throttle opening)
If the output voltage is out of the range, check the throttle
input voltage (see Input Voltage Inspection of Main Throttle Sensor in the Fuel System (DFI) chapter).
the vacuum gauge hoses and install the vacuum
• Remove
hoses and rubber caps on the original position as shown.
Vacuum Switch Valve Vacuum Hoses [A]
Rubber Cap [B]
Vacuum Hose [C] (California model) or Rubber Cap (except California model)
Air Cleaner Element Replacement
WARNING
If dirt or dust is allowed to pass through into the
throttle assy, the throttle may become stuck, possibly causing an accident.
CAUTION
If dirt gets through into the engine, excessive engine wear and possibly engine damage will occur.
2-18 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
•
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor Connector [A]
Air Cleaner Cover Screws [B]
Air Cleaner Cover [C]
Discard:
Air Cleaner Element
a new element [A] with the mesh side facing up• Install
ward.
CAUTION
Use only the recommended air cleaner element
(Kawasaki part number 11013–1301). Using another air cleaner element will wear the engine
prematurely or lower the engine performance.
the filter [B] in cleaning solvent, and then dry it with
• Clean
compressed air or by shaking it.
Evaporative Emission Control System Inspection
(California model)
the canister as follows.
•○Inspect
Remove:
Left Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
○Remove the canister [A], and disconnect the hoses from
the canister.
○Visually inspect the canister for cracks or other damage.
If the canister has any cracks or bad damage, replace it
with a new one.
NOTE
○The canister is designed to work well through the motorcycle’s life without any maintenance if it is used under
normal conditions.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-19
Maintenance Procedure
the liquid/vapor separator as follows:
•○Check
Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
○Disconnect the hoses from the separator, and remove the
separator [A] from the motorcycle right side.
○Visually inspect the separator for cracks and other damage.
If the separator has any cracks or damage, replace it with
a new one.
○To prevent the gasoline from flowing into or out of the
canister, hold the separator perpendicular to the ground.
Check the hoses of the evaporative emission control system as follows:
○Check that the hoses are securely connected and clips
are in position.
○Replace any kinked, deteriorated or damaged hoses.
○Route the hoses according to Cable, Wire, and Hose
Routing section in the Appendix chapter. Refer to the diagram of the evaporative emission control system in the
Fuel System (DFI) chapter too.
○When installing the hoses, avoid sharp bending, kinking,
flattening or twisting, and route the hoses with a minimum
of bending so that the emission flow will not be obstructed.
•
Cooling System
Cooling Hose and Connection Inspection
○The
•
high pressure inside the radiator hose can cause
coolant to leak [A] or the hose to burst if the line is not
properly maintained. Visually inspect the hoses for signs
of deterioration. Squeeze the hoses. A hose should not
be hard and brittle, nor should it be soft or swollen.
Replace the hose if any fraying, cracks [B] or bulges [C]
are noticed.
Check that the hoses are securely connected and clamps
are tightened correctly.
Torque - Radiator Hose Clamp Screws: 2.5 N·m (0.25 kgf·m,
22 in·lb)
Coolant Change
WARNING
To avoid burns, do not remove the radiator cap or
try to change the coolant when the engine is still
hot. Wait until it cools down. Coolant on tires will
make them slippery and can cause an accident
and injury. Immediately wipe up or wash away any
coolant that spills on the frame, engine, or other
painted parts.
Since coolant is harmful to the human body, do not
use for drinking.
2-20 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
• Remove:
Right Inner Cover (see Frame chapter)
Radiator Cap [A]
○Remove the radiator cap in two steps. First turn the cap
counterclockwise to the first stop. Then push and turn it
further in the same direction and remove the cap.
• Remove:
Left Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Place
under the drain plugs [A] and [B] at the
• bottoma ofcontainers
the water pump cover and cylinder.
the coolant from the radiator and engine by remov• Drain
ing the drain plugs.
• Remove:
Coolant Reserve Tank [A] (see Cooling System chapter)
Remove
the cap [B] and pour the coolant into a container.
•
the reserve tank (see Cooling System chapter).
• Install
Tighten
drain plugs with the washers.
•○Replacethe
the drain plug gasket with a new one if it is damaged.
Torque - Coolant Drain Plug (Water Pump): 12 N·m (1.2
kgf·m, 106 in·lb)
Coolant Drain Plug (Cylinder): 10 N·m (1.0 kgf·m,
89 in·lb)
the radiator up to the radiator filler neck [A] with
• Fill
coolant, and install the radiator cap.
NOTE
○Pour in the coolant slowly so that it can expel the air
from the engine and radiator.
the reserve tank up to the full level line with coolant,
• Fill
and install the cap.
CAUTION
Soft or distilled water must be used with the antifreeze (see below for antifreeze) in the cooling system.
If hard water is used in the system, it causes scales
accumulation in the water passages, and considerably reduces the efficiency of the cooling system.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-21
Maintenance Procedure
Water and Coolant Mixture Ratio (Recommended)
Soft Water:
50 %
Coolant:
50 %
Freezing Point:
– 35°C (– 31°F)
Total Amount:
2.4 L (2.5 US qt)
NOTE
○Choose
a suitable mixture ratio by referring to the
coolant manufacturer’s directions.
the air from the cooling system as follows.
•○Bleed
Start the engine with the radiator cap removed and run it
until no more air bubbles [A] can be seen in the coolant.
○Tap the radiator hoses to force any air bubbles caught
inside.
○Stop the engine and add coolant up to the radiator filler
neck.
Install the radiator cap.
Start the engine, warm it up thoroughly until the radiator
fan turns on and then stop the engine.
Check the coolant level in the reserve tank after the engine cools down.
If the coolant level is lower than the low level line, add
coolant to the full level line.
•
•
•
CAUTION
Do not add more coolant above the full level line.
Engine Top End
Air Suction Valve Check
the air suction valve (see Engine Top End chap• Remove
ter).
inspect the reeds [A] for cracks, folds, warps,
• Visually
heat damage, or other damage.
•
•
If there is any doubt as to the condition of the reed, replace
the air suction valve as an assembly.
Check the reed contact areas [B] of the valve holder for
grooves, scratches, any signs of separation from the
holder, or heat damage.
If there is any doubt as to the condition of the reed contact
areas, replace the air suction valve as an assembly.
If any carbon or other foreign particles have accumulated
between the reed and the reed contact area, wash the
valve assembly with a high flash-point solvent.
CAUTION
Do not scrape off the deposits with a scraper as this
could damage the rubber, requiring replacement of
the suction valve assembly.
2-22 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Valve Clearance Check
Valve Clearance Inspection
NOTE
○Valve clearance must be checked and adjusted when
the engine is cold (at room temperature).
• Remove:
Lower Fairings (see Frame chapter)
Pickup Coil Cover
•
Cylinder Head Cover (see Engine Top End chapter)
Position the crankshaft at 1,4 piston TDC.
TDC Mark [A] for #1, 4 Pistons
Timing Mark [B] (crankcase halves mating surface)
a thickness gauge [A], measure the valve clearance
• Using
between the cam and the valve lifter.
Valve Clearance
IN:
Standard:
EX:
0.11∼ 0.19 mm (0.004 ∼ 0.008 in.)
0.22 ∼ 0.31 mm (0.009 ∼ 0.012 in.)
○When
positioning #4 piston TDC at the end of the
compression stroke:
Inlet valve clearance of #2 and #4 cylinders
Exhaust valve clearance of #3 and #4 cylinders
Measuring Valve [A]
○When
positioning #1 piston TDC at the end of the
compression stroke:
Inlet valve clearance of #1 and #3 cylinders
Exhaust valve clearance of #1 and #2 cylinders
Measuring Valve [A]
If the valve clearance is not within the specified range,
first record the clearance, and then adjust it.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-23
Maintenance Procedure
Valve Clearance Adjustment
To change the valve clearance, remove the camshaft
chain tensioner, camshafts and valve lifters. Replace the
shim with one of a different thickness.
•
NOTE
○Mark and record the valve lifter and shim locations so
they can be reinstalled in their original positions.
○If there is no clearance, select a shim which is several
sizes smaller and then measure the clearance.
select a new shim which brings the valve clearance
• To
within the specified range, refer to the Valve Clearance
•
•
•
Adjustment Charts.
Apply a thin coat of molybdenum disulfide grease to the
valve lifters.
Install the camshafts. Be sure to time the camshafts properly (see Engine Top End chapter).
Remeasure any valve clearance that was adjusted.
Readjust if necessary.
CAUTION
Do not put shim stock under the shim. This may
cause the shim to pop out at high rpm, causing extensive engine damage.
Do not grind the shim. This may cause it to fracture,
causing extensive engine damage.
2-24 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
VALVE CLEARANCE ADJUSTMENT CHART INLET VALVE
1. Measure the clearance (when engine is cold).
2. Check present shim size.
3. Match clearance in vertical column with present shim
size in horizontal column.
4. Install the shim specified where the lines intersect. This
shim will give the proper clearance.
Example:
Present shim is 3.05 mm
Measured clearance is 0.35 mm
Replace 3.05 mm shim with 3.25 mm shim.
5. Remeasure the valve clearance and readjust if necessary.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-25
Maintenance Procedure
VALVE CLEARANCE ADJUSTMENT CHART EXHAUST VALVE
1. Measure the clearance (when engine is cold).
2. Check present shim size.
3. Match clearance in vertical column with present shim
size in horizontal column.
4. Install the shim specified where the lines intersect. This
shim will give the proper clearance.
Example:
Present shim is 3.10 mm.
Measured clearance is 0.40 mm.
Replace 3.10 mm shim with 3.2 mm shim.
5. Remeasure the valve clearance and readjust if necessary.
2-26 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Clutch
Clutch Adjustment Check
Clutch Lever Free Play Inspection
Pull the clutch lever just enough to take up the free play
[A].
Measure the gap between the lever and the lever holder.
If the gap is too wide, the clutch may not release fully. If
the gap is too narrow, the clutch may not engage fully. In
either case, adjust it.
•
•
Clutch Lever Free Play
Standard:
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in.)
Clutch Lever Free Play Adjustment
WARNING
To avoid a serious burn, never touch the engine or
exhaust pipe during clutch adjustment.
the adjuster [A] so that 5 ∼ 6 mm (0.20 ∼ 0.24 in.) [B]
• ofTurnthreads
are visible.
the dust cover [A] at the clutch cable lower end out
• Slide
of place.
both adjusting nuts [B] at the clutch cover as far
• Loosen
as they will go.
the clutch outer cable [C] tight and tighten the adjust• Pull
ing nuts against the bracket [D].
the rubber dust cover back onto place.
• Slip
the adjuster at the clutch lever until the free play is
• Turn
correct.
the release lever [A] toward the front of the motor• Push
cycle until it becomes hard to turn.
○At this time, the release lever should have the proper an-
gle shown.
If the angle is wrong, check the clutch and release parts
for wear.
WARNING
Be sure that the outer cable end at the clutch lever
is fully seated in the adjuster at the clutch lever, or
it could slip into place later, creating enough cable
play to prevent clutch disengagement.
the adjustment, start the engine and check that the
• After
clutch does not slip and that it releases properly.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-27
Maintenance Procedure
Engine Lubrication System
Engine Oil Change
the motorcycle so that it is vertical after warming
• Situate
up the engine.
the engine drain plug [A] to drain the oil.
•○Remove
The oil in the oil filter can be drained by removing the filter
•
(see Oil Filter Replacement).
Replace the drain plug gasket [B] with a new one if it is
damaged.
Tighten the drain plug.
Torque - Engine Drain Plug: 29 N·m (3.0 kgf·m, 22 ft·lb)
• Pour in the specified type and amount of oil.
Recommended Engine Oil
Type:
API SE, SF or SG
API SH or SJ with JASO MA
Viscosity:
SAE 10W40
Capacity:
3.4 L (3.6 US qt) (when filter is not
removed)
3.6 L (3.8 US qt) (when filter is
removed)
4.0 L (4.2 US qt) (when engine is
completely dry)
○Although 10W-40
NOTE
engine oil is the recommended oil
for most conditions, the oil viscosity may need to be
changed to accommodate atmospheric conditions in
your riding area.
Oil Filter Replacement
the engine oil (see Engine Oil Change).
• Drain
• Remove:
Left Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
•
Oil Filter Clamp
Remove the oil filter [A] with the oil filter wrench [B].
Special Tool - Oil Filter Wrench: 57001-1249
the filter with a new one.
• Replace
engine oil to the gasket [A] before installation.
• Apply
Tighten
the filter with the oil filter wrench.
•
Torque - Oil Filter: 31 N·m (3.2 kgf·m, 23 ft·lb)
NOTE
○Hand tightening of the oil filter can not be allowed since
it does not reach to this tightening torque.
2-28 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
the oil filter clamp so that projection [B] fits the slot
• Install
[A] of oil cooler.
○Be sure to place the rubber tube on the projection.
• Tighten:
Torque - Oil Filter Clamp Bolt [C]: 5.9 N·m (0.60 kgf·m, 52
in·lb)
in the specified type and amount of oil (see Engine
• Pour
Oil Change).
Wheels/Tires
Tire Wear Check
Tire Inspection
As the tire tread wears down, the tire becomes more susceptible to puncture and failure. An accepted estimate is
that 90 % of all tire failures occur during the last 10 % of
tread life (90 % worn). So it is false economy and unsafe to
use the tires until they are bald.
Remove any imbedded stones or other foreign particles
from the tread.
Visually inspect the tire for cracks and cuts, replacing the
tire in case of damage. Swelling or high spots indicate
internal damage, requiring tire replacement.
Measure the tread depth at the center of the tread with a
depth gauge [A]. Since the tire may wear unevenly, take
measurement at several places.
If any measurement is less than the service limit, replace
the tire.
•
•
•
Tread Depth
Front:
Standard:
3.8 mm (0.15 in.) (BRIDGESTONE),
3.8 mm (0.15 in.) (MICHELIN)
Service Limit: 1 mm (0.04 in.),
(DE, AT, CH) 1.6 mm (0.06 in.)
Rear:
Standard:
5.8 mm (0.23 in.) (BRIDGESTONE)
5.6 mm (0.22 in.) (MICHELIN)
Service Limit: 2 mm (0.08 in.)
(Up to 130 km/h, 80 mph)
3 mm (0.12 in.)
(Over 130 km/h, 80 mph)
WARNING
To ensure safe handling and stability, use only the
recommended standard tires for replacement, inflated to the standard pressure.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-29
Maintenance Procedure
NOTE
○Most countries may have their own regulations a minimum tire tread depth: be sure to follow them.
○Check and balance the wheel when a tire is replaced
with a new one.
Air Pressure Inspection/Adjustment
Measure the tire air pressure with an air pressure gauge
[A] when the tires are cold (that is, when the motorcycle
has not been ridden more than a mile during the past 3
hours).
Install the air valve cap.
Adjust the tire air pressure according to the specifications
if necessary.
•
•
Air Pressure (when cold)
Front
Up to 180 kg
Rear
250 kPa
(397 lb)
(2.5 kgf/cm², 36 psi)
Up to 180 kg
290 kPa
(397 lb)
(2.9 kgf/cm², 42 psi)
Final Drive
Drive Chain Wear Check
Drive Chain Slack Inspection
NOTE
○Check the slack with the motorcycle setting on its side
stand.
○Clean the chain if it is dirty, and lubricate it if it appears
dry.
the wheel alignment (see Wheel Alignment Inspec• Check
tion).
the rear wheel to find the position where the chain
• Rotate
is tightest.
the vertical movement (chain slack) [A] midway
• Measure
between the sprockets.
If the chain slack exceeds the standard, adjust it.
Chain Slack
Standard:
25 ∼ 30 mm (1.0 ∼ 1.2 in.)
Drive Chain Slack Adjustment
Remove the cotter pin [A], and loosen the axle nut [B].
Loosen the both chain adjuster locknuts [C].
If the chain is too loose, turn out the left and right chain
adjuster [D] evenly.
If the chain is too tight, turn in the left and right chain
adjusters evenly, and kick the wheel forward.
Turn both chain adjusters evenly until the drive chain has
the correct amount of slack. To keep the chain and wheel
properly aligned, the notch [E] on the left wheel alignment
indicator [F] should align with the same swingarm mark or
position [G] that the right indicator notch aligns with.
•
•
•
2-30 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
WARNING
Misalignment of the wheel will result in abnormal
wear and may result in an unsafe riding condition.
both chain adjuster locknuts securely.
• Tighten
Tighten
the axle nut.
•
Torque - Rear Axle Nut: 127 N·m (13.0 kgf·m, 92 ft·lb)
the wheel, measure the chain slack again at the tight• Turn
est position, and readjust if necessary.
• Insert a new cotter pin [A].
NOTE
○When inserting the cotter pin, if the slots in the nut do
not align with the cotter pin hole in hte axle, tighten the
nut clockwise [B] up to next alignment.
○it should be within 30 degree.
○loosen once and tighten again when the slot goes past
the nearest hole.
• Bend the cotter pin [A] over the nut [B].
Wheel Alignment Inspection/Adjustment
Check that the notch [A] on the left alignment indicator [B]
aligns with the same swingarm mark or position [C] that
the right alignment indicator notch aligns with.
If they do not, adjust the chain slack and align the wheel
alignment (see Drive Chain Slack Adjustment ).
•
○Wheel
NOTE
alignment can be also checked using the
straightedge or string method.
WARNING
Misalignment of the wheel will result in abnormal
wear, and may result in an unsafe riding condition.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-31
Maintenance Procedure
Drive Chain Wear Inspection
Remove:
Chain Cover
Rotate the rear wheel to inspect the drive chain for damaged rollers, and loose pins and links.
If there is any irregularity, replace the drive chain.
Lubricate the drive chain if it appears dry.
Stretch the chain taut by hanging a 98 N (10 kg, 20 lb)
weight [A] on the chain.
Measure the length of 20 links [B] on the straight part [C] of
the chain from the pin center of the 1st pin to the pin center
of the 21st pin. Since the chain may wear unevenly, take
measurements at several places.
If any measurements exceed the service limit, replace the
chain. Also, replace the front and rear sprockets when the
drive chain is replaced.
•
•
•
•
Drive Chain 20-link Length
Standard:
317.5 ∼ 318.2 mm (12.50 ∼ 12.53 in.)
Service Limit:
323 mm (12.7 in.)
WARNING
If the drive chain wear exceeds the service limit, replace the chain or an unsafe riding condition may
result. A chain that breaks or jumps off the sprockets could snag on the engine sprocket or lock the
rear wheel, severely damaging the motorcycle and
causing it to go out of control.
For safety, use only the standard chain. It is an endless type and should not be cut for installation.
Standard Chain
Make:
ENUMA
Type:
EK520MVXL
Link:
108 Links
2-32 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Drive Chain Lubrication
a special lubricant is not available, a heavy oil such as
• IfSAE
90 is preferred to a lighter oil because it will stay on
•
the chain longer and provide better lubrication.
If the chain appears especially dirty, clean it before lubrication.
CAUTION
The O-rings between the side plates seal in the
lubricant between the pin and the bushing. To
avoid damaging the O-rings and resultant loss of
lubricant, observe the following rules.
Use only kerosene or diesel oil for cleaning of the
O-ring of the drive chain.
Any other cleaning solution such as gasoline
or trichloroethylene will cause deterioration and
swelling of the O-ring.
Immediately blow the chain dry with compressed
air after cleaning.
Complete cleaning and drying the chain within 10
minutes.
oil to the sides of the rollers so that oil will penetrate
• Apply
to the rollers and bushings. Apply the oil to the O-rings so
•
that the O-rings will be coated with oil.
Wipe off any excess oil.
Oil Applied Areas [A]
O-ring [B]
Brakes
Brake Pad Wear Check
the brake pads (see Brakes chapter).
• Remove
the lining thickness [A] of the pads in each caliper.
• Check
If the lining thickness of either pad is less than the service
limit [B], replace both pads in the caliper as a set.
Pad Lining Thickness
Standard:
Front
Rear
Service Limit:
4 mm (0.16 in)
5 mm (0.20 in.)
1 mm (0.04 in.)
Brake Light Switch Check
Brake Light Timing Inspection
Turn on the ignition switch.
Check the operation of the rear brake light switch by depressing the brake pedal.
If it does not as specified, adjust the brake light timing.
•
•
Brake Light Timing
Standard:
On after about 10 mm (0.4 in.) of
pedal travel [A]
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-33
Maintenance Procedure
Brake Light Timing Adjustment
Brake light timing is adjusted by changing the position of
the rear brake light switch.
Adjust the position of the switch so that the brake light
goes on after the specified pedal travel by turning the adjusting nut [A].
•
CAUTION
To avoid damaging the electrical connections inside the switch, be sure that the switch body does
not turn during adjustment.
Caliper Piston Seal and Dust Seal Replacement
to the Calipers section in the Brakes chapter for
• Refer
Caliper Piston/Dust Seals Replacement.
Brake Master Cylinder Cup and Dust Seal
Replacement
to the Master Cylinder section in the Brakes chapter
• Refer
for Brake/Master Cylinder Cup and Dust Seal Replacement.
Brake Fluid Check
Brake Fluid Level Inspection
Check that the brake fluid level in the front brake reservoir
[A] is above the lower level line [B].
•
NOTE
○Hold the reservoir horizontal by turning the handlebar
when checking brake fluid level.
If the fluid level is lower than the lower level line, fill the
reservoir to the upper level line [C].
that the brake fluid level in the rear brake reservoir
• Check
[A] is above the lower level [B].
If the fluid level is lower than the lower level line, remove
the fuel tank and fill the reservoir to the upper level line
[C].
WARNING
Change the brake fluid in the brake line completely
if the brake fluid must be refilled but the type and
brand of the brake fluid that is already in the reservoir are unidentified. After changing the fluid, use
only the same type and brand of fluid thereafter.
Recommended Disc Brake Fluid
Grade:
DOT4
Brake Fluid Change
NOTE
○The procedure to change the front brake fluid is as follows. Changing the rear brake fluid is the same as for
the front brake.
2-34 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
the brake fluid reservoir.
• Level
Remove
reservoir cap.
• Remove the
the
• caliper. rubber cap from the bleed valve [A] on the
a clear plastic hose [B] to the bleed valve, and run
• Attach
the other end of the hose into a container.
• Fill the reservoir with fresh specified brake fluid.
the brake fluid.
•○Change
Repeat this operation until fresh brake fluid comes out
1.
2.
3.
4.
from the plastic hose or the color of the fluid changes.
Open the bleed valve [A].
Apply the brake and hold it [B].
Close the bleed valve [C].
Release the brake [D].
NOTE
○The fluid level must be checked often during the changing operation and replenished with fresh brake fluid. If
the fluid in the reservoir runs out any time during the
changing operation, the brakes will need to be bled
since air will have entered the brake line.
○Front Brake: Repeat the above steps for the other
caliper.
the procedure below to install the front/rear brake
• Follow
fluid reservoir cap correctly.
○First, tighten the front/rear brake fluid reservoir cap [B]
clockwise [C] by hand until the resistance is felt fully; then,
tighten the cap an additional 1/6 turn [D] while holding the
brake fluid reservoir [A] body.
• Tighten:
Torque - Front Reservoir Cap Stopper Screw: 1.5 N·m (0.15
kgf·m, 13 in·lb)
the bleed valve, and install the rubber cap.
• Tighten
After
changing
fluid, check the brake for good braking
• power, no brakethedrag,
and no fluid leakage.
Torque - Bleed Valve: 7.8 N·m (0.80 kgf·m, 69 in·lb)
If necessary, bleed the air from the lines.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-35
Maintenance Procedure
Bleeding the Brake Line
The brake fluid has a very low compression coefficient so
that almost all the movement of the brake lever or pedal
is transmitted directly to the caliper for braking action. Air,
however, is easily compressed. When air enters the brake
lines, brake lever or pedal movement will be partially used
in compressing the air. This will make the lever or pedal feel
spongy, and there will be a loss in braking power.
WARNING
Be sure to bleed the air from the brake line whenever brake lever or pedal action feels soft or
spongy after the brake fluid is changed, or whenever a brake line fitting has been loosened for any
reason.
NOTE
○The procedure to bleed the front brake line is as follows.
Bleeding the rear brake line is the same as for the front
brake.
the reservoir cap, and fill the reservoir with fresh
• Remove
brake fluid to the upper level line in the reservoir.
the reservoir cap off, slowly pump the brake lever
• With
several times until no air bubbles can be seen rising up
through the fluid from the holes at the bottom of the reservoir.
○Bleed the air completely from the master cylinder by this
operation.
Install the reservoir cap.
Remove the rubber cap from the bleed valve on the
caliper.
Attach a clear plastic hose to the bleed valve, and run the
other end of the hose into a container.
Bleed the brake line and the caliper.
○Repeat this operation until no more air can be seen coming out into the plastic hose.
1. Pump the brake lever until it becomes hard, and apply
the brake and hold it [A].
2. Quickly open and close [B] the bleed valve while holding
the brake applied.
3. Release the brake [C].
•
•
•
•
NOTE
○The fluid level must be checked often during the bleeding operation and replenished with fresh brake fluid as
necessary. If the fluid in the reservoir runs completely
out any time during bleeding, the bleeding operation
must be done over again from the beginning since air
will have entered the line.
○Tap the brake hose lightly from the caliper to the reservoir for more complete bleeding.
○Front Brake: Repeat the above steps for the other
caliper.
• Remove the clear plastic hose.
2-36 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
the procedure below to install the front/rear brake
• Follow
fluid reservoir cap correctly.
○First, tighten the front/rear brake fluid reservoir cap [B]
clockwise [C] by hand until the resistance is felt fully; then,
tighten the cap an additional 1/6 turn [D] while holding the
brake fluid reservoir [A] body.
• Tighten:
Torque - Front Reservoir Cap Stopper Screw: 1.5 N·m (0.15
kgf·m, 13 in·lb)
• Tighten the bleed valve, and install the rubber cap.
Torque - Bleed Valve: 7.8 N·m (0.80 kgf·m, 69 in·lb)
the fluid level.
• Check
After
bleeding
done, check the brake for good braking
• power, no brakeis drag,
and no fluid leakage.
WARNING
When working with the disc brake, observe the precautions listed below.
1. Never reuse old brake fluid.
2. Do not use fluid from a container that has been left
unsealed or that has been open for a long time.
3. Do not mix two types and brands of fluid for use in
the brake. This lowers the brake fluid boiling point
and could cause the brake to be ineffective. It may
also cause the rubber brake parts to deteriorate.
4. Don’t leave the reservoir cap off for any length of
time to avoid moisture contamination of the fluid.
5. Don’t change the fluid in the rain or when a strong
wind is blowing.
6. Except for the disc pads and disc, use only disc
brake fluid, isopropyl alcohol, or ethyl alcohol for
cleaning of the brake parts. Do not use any other
fluid for cleaning of these parts. Gasoline, engine
oil, or any other petroleum distillate will cause deterioration of the rubber parts. Oil spilled on any part
will be difficult to wash off completely and will eventually deteriorate the rubber used in the disc brake.
7. When handling the disc pads or disc, be careful that
no disc brake fluid or any oil gets on them. Clean off
any fluid or oil that inadvertently gets on the pads or
disc with a high-flash point solvent. Do not use one
which will leave an oily residue. Replace the pads
with new ones if they cannot be cleaned satisfactorily.
8. Brake fluid quickly ruins painted surfaces; any
spilled fluid should be completely wiped up immediately.
9. If any of the brake line fittings or the bleed valve is
opened at any time, the AIR MUST BE BLED FROM
THE BRAKE LINE.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-37
Maintenance Procedure
Brake Hoses and Connections Check
the brake hose and
• Inspect
cracks and signs of leakage.
fittings for deterioration,
○The high pressure inside the brake line can cause fluid to
leak [A] or the hose to burst if the line is not properly maintained. Bend and twist the rubber hose while examining
it.
Replace the hose if any cracks [B] or bulges [C] are noticed.
Tighten any loose fittings.
Suspension
Front Fork Oil Leak Check
inspect the front forks [A] for oil leakage, scoring
• Visually
or scratches on the outer surface of the outer tubes.
Replace or repair any defective parts, if necessary.
Rear Shock Absorber Oil Leak Check
inspect the shock absorber [A] for oil leakage.
• Visually
If the oil leakage is found on it, replace the shock absorber
with a new one.
Swingarm Pivot Lubrication
grease nipple [A] is equipped for the lubrication of
• The
swingarm bearing. Force grease into the nipple until the
grease comes out from the swingarm pivot, and wipe off
any excess of it.
Uni-trak Linkage Lubrication
In order for the tie-rod and rocker arm to function safely
and wear slowly, it should be lubricated in accordance with
the Periodic Maintenance Chart.
For the rocker arm and tie-rod needle bearings, there are
grease nipples [A] on the rocker arm and swingarm for
lubrication. Force grease into the nipples until it comes
out at both sides of the rocker arm and tie-rod, and wipe
off any excess.
•
2-38 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Steering
Steering Check
Steering Inspection
Lift the front wheel off the ground using the jack.
•
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
the front wheel pointing straight ahead, alternately
• With
tap each end of the handlebar. The front wheel should
•
swing fully left and right from the force of gravity until the
fork hits the stop.
If the wheel binds or catches before the stop, the steering
is too tight.
Feel for steering looseness by pushing and pulling the
forks.
If you feel looseness, the steering is too loose.
NOTE
○The cables and wiring will have some effect on the mo-
tion of the fork which must be taken into account.
○Be sure the wires and cables are properly routed.
○The bearings must be in good condition and properly
lubricated in order for any test to be valid.
Steering Adjustment
Remove:
Upper fairing (see Frame chapter)
Stem Head Nut[A]
Handlebar Position Bolts[B]
Loosen the upper fork clamp bolts[C].
Remove the stem head[D].
•
•
•
the steering stem locknut[A] with the steering
• Remove
stem nut wrench.
Special Tool - Steering Stem Nut Wrench: 57001–1100
the claw of lock washer[B] faced steering stem lock• Bend
nut to straight.
the lock washer.
• Remove
Tighten
the
steering stem nut[C] with the steering stem
• nut wrench, and
loosen it ,tighten it again specified torque.
Torque - Steering Stem Nut:20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m,14.5 ft·lb)
If the steering is too tight, loosen the stem nut a fraction
of a turn.
If the steering is too loose, tighten the stem nut a fraction
of a turn.
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-39
Maintenance Procedure
NOTE
○Turn the stem nut 1/8 turn at a time maximum.
the lock washer so that claw of washer fit the notch
• Install
of steering stem nut.
tighten the steering stem locknut by hand until the
• First
resistance is felt fully, then tighten steering stem nut ad-
•
•
•
ditional more than two notches so that align the notch of
stem nut and stem locknut.
Bend the claw of lock washer to the steering stem locknut
notch.
Install the stem head.
Tighten:
Torque - Upper Fork Clamp Bolts: 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14.5
ft·lb)
Handlebar Position Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87
in·lb)
Steering Stem Head Nut: 78 N·m (8.0 kgf·m, 58
ft·lb)
the steering again.
• Check
If the steering is still too tight or too loose, repeat the adjustment.
Steering Stem Bearing Lubrication
the steering stem (see Steering chapter).
• Remove
a high flash-point solvent, wash the upper and
• Using
lower ball bearings in the cages, and wipe the upper and
•
•
•
lower outer races, which are press-fitted into the frame
head pipe, clean off grease and dirt.
Visually check the outer races and the ball bearings.
Replace the bearing assemblies if they show wear or
damage.
Pack the upper and lower ball bearings [A] in the cages
with grease, and apply a light coat of grease to the upper
and lower outer races.
Install the steering stem, and adjust the steering.
Electrical System
Spark Plug Check
Spark Plug Cleaning and Inspection
Remove the spark plug (see Electrical System chapter),
and visually inspect.
Clean the spark plug, preferably in a sandblasting device,
and then clean off any abrasive particles. The plug may
also be cleaned using a high flash-point solvent and a wire
brush or other suitable tool.
If the spark plug electrodes are corroded or damaged,
or if the insulator is cracked, replace the plug. Use the
standard spark plug or its equivalent.
•
•
2-40 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Spark Plug Gap Inspection
Measure the gap [A] with a wire-type thickness gauge.
If the gap is incorrect, carefully bend the side electrode
[B] with a suitable tool to obtain the correct gap.
•
Spark Plug Gap : 0.7 ∼ 0.8 mm (0.028 ∼ 0.031 in.)
CAUTION
Use only the recommended spark plugs (special
marks ). These spark plugs have special marks [C]
on the insulator, as shown. Other spark plugs will
wear prematurely.
General Lubrication
Lubrication
lubricating each part, clean off any rusty spots with
• Before
rust remover and wipe off any grease, oil, dirt, or grime.
• Lubricate the points listed below with indicated lubricant.
NOTE
○Whenever the vehicle has been operated under
wet or rainy conditions, or especially after using a
high-pressure water spray, perform the general lubrication
Pivots: Lubricate with Grease.
Clutch Lever
Brake Lever
Brake Pedal
Side Stand
Rear Brake Joint Pin
Points: Lubricate with Grease.
Clutch Inner Cable Upper and Lower Ends [A]
Throttle Inner Cable Upper and Lower Ends
Choke Inner Cable Upper and Lower Ends
Cables: Lubricate with Rust Inhibiter
Choke Cable
Throttle Cables
Clutch Cable
Lubricate the cables by seeping the oil between the cable
and housing.
○The cable may be lubricated by using a commercially
available pressure cable lubricator with an aerosol cable
lubricant.
•
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE 2-41
Maintenance Procedure
the cable disconnected at both ends, the inner cable
• With
should move freely [A] within the cable housing.
If cable movement is not free after lubricating, if the cable
is frayed [B], or if the cable housing is kinked [C], replace
the cable.
2-42 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Maintenance Procedure
Nut, Bolts, and Fasteners Tightness Check
Tightness Inspection
the tightness of the bolts and nuts listed here. Also,
• Check
check to see that each cotter pin is in place and in good
condition.
NOTE
○For the engine fasteners, check the tightness of them
when the engine is cold (at room temperature).
If there are loose fasteners, retorque them to the specified torque following the specified tightening sequence.
Refer to the appropriate chapter for torque specifications.
If torque specifications are not in the appropriate chapter,
see the Standard Torque Table. For each fastener, first
loosen it by 1/2 turn, then tighten it.
If cotter pins are damaged, replace them with new ones.
Nut, Bolt and Fastener to be checked
Wheels:
Front Axle Nut
Front Axle Clamp Bolt
Rear Axle Nut
Rear Axle Nut Cotter Pin
Brakes:
Front Master Cylinder Clamp Bolts
Caliper Mounting Bolts
Rear Master Cylinder Mounting Bolts
Brake Lever Pivot Nut
Brake Pedal Bolt
Brake Rod Joint Cotter Pin
Suspension:
Front Fork Clamp Bolts
Front Fender Mounting Bolts
Rear Shock Absorber Mounting Nuts
Swingarm Pivot Shaft Nut
Uni-Trak Link Nuts
Steering:
Stem Head Nut
Handlebar Mounting Bolts
Engine:
Engine Mounting Bolts
Cylinder Head Bolts
Muffler Mounting Bolts
Exhaust Manifold Holder Nuts
Muffler Connecting Clamp Bolt
Clutch Lever Pivot Nut
Others:
Side Stand Bolt
Footpeg Mounting Bolts
Footpeg Bracket Mounting Bolts
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-1
Fuel System (DFI)
Table of Contents
Exploded View...................................
Specifications ....................................
Special Tools .....................................
DFI System........................................
DFI Servicing Precautions .................
Troubleshooting the DFI System .......
Outline ............................................
Inquiries to Rider.............................
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide ..
ECU ...................................................
ECU Removal ..............................
ECU Installation ...........................
ECU Power Supply Inspection.....
DFI Power Source .............................
ECU Fuse Removal .....................
ECU Fuse Installation ..................
ECU Fuse Inspection ...................
ECU Main Relay Removal ...........
ECU Main Relay Inspection .........
FI Indicator LED Light........................
LED Light Inspection....................
Fuel Line............................................
Fuel Pressure Inspection .............
Fuel Flow Rate Inspection ...........
Fuel Pump .........................................
Fuel Pump Removal ....................
Fuel Pump Installation .................
Operation Inspection....................
Operating Voltage Inspection.......
Fuel Pump Relay ..............................
Fuel Pump Relay Removal ..........
Fuel Pump Relay Inspection ........
Fuel Injectors .....................................
Audible Inspection........................
Injector Signal Test.......................
Injector Resistance Inspection .....
Injector Unit Test ..........................
Injector Voltage Inspection...........
Injector Fuel Line Inspection ........
Self-Diagnosis ...................................
Self-diagnosis Outline.....................
Self-diagnosis Procedures..............
Service Code Clearing Procedures
How to Read Service Codes...........
How to Erase Service Codes..........
Service Code Table.........................
3-4
3-10
3-12
3-14
3-20
3-22
3-22
3-28
3-31
3-40
3-40
3-40
3-41
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-43
3-44
3-45
3-46
3-46
3-47
3-49
3-49
3-49
3-50
3-50
3-52
3-52
3-52
3-54
3-54
3-54
3-55
3-55
3-56
3-57
3-59
3-59
3-59
3-60
3-62
3-62
3-63
Backups ..........................................
Main Throttle Sensor (Service Code
11)...................................................
Main Throttle Sensor
Removal/Adjustment .................
Input Voltage Inspection...............
Output Voltage Inspection............
Resistance Inspection..................
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor (Service
Code 12) .........................................
Removal.......................................
Installation....................................
Input Voltage Inspection...............
Output Voltage Inspection............
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor (Service
Code 13) .........................................
Removal/Installation.....................
Output Voltage Inspection............
Sensor Resistance Inspection .....
Water Temperature Sensor (Service
Code 14) .........................................
Removal/Installation.....................
Output Voltage Inspection............
Sensor Resistance Inspection .....
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
(Service Code 15)...........................
Removal.......................................
Installation....................................
Input Voltage Inspection...............
Output Voltage Inspection............
Crankshaft Sensor (Service Code
21)...................................................
Crankshaft Sensor
Removal/Installation..................
Crankshaft Sensor Inspection......
Camshaft Position Sensor (Service
Code 23) .........................................
Camshaft Position Sensor
Removal/Installation..................
Camshaft Position Sensor
Inspection..................................
Speed Sensor (Service Code 24, 25)
Speed Sensor
Removal/Installation..................
Speed Sensor Inspection.............
Input Voltage Inspection...............
3-64
3-66
3-66
3-66
3-68
3-70
3-71
3-71
3-71
3-71
3-72
3-76
3-76
3-76
3-77
3-79
3-79
3-79
3-80
3-81
3-81
3-81
3-81
3-82
3-85
3-85
3-85
3-86
3-86
3-86
3-87
3-87
3-87
3-87
3
3-2 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Output Voltage Inspection............
Vehicle-down Sensor (Service Code
31)...................................................
Removal.......................................
Installation....................................
Inspection.....................................
Subthrottle Sensor (Service Code
32)...................................................
Subthrottle Sensor
Removal/Adjustment .................
Input Voltage Inspection...............
Output Voltage Inspection............
Resistance Inspection..................
Stick Coils (#1, #2, #3, #4: Service
Code 51, 52, 53, 54) .......................
Removal/Installation.....................
Input Voltage Inspection...............
Subthrottle Valve Actuator (Service
Code 62) .........................................
Subthrottle Valve Actuator
Removal ....................................
Subthrottle Valve Actuator
Inspection..................................
Resistance Inspection..................
Input Voltage Inspection...............
Throttle Grip and Cables ...................
Free Play Inspection ....................
Free Play Adjustment...................
Cable Installation .........................
Cable Lubrication .........................
Choke Cable......................................
Free Play Inspection ....................
3-87
3-89
3-89
3-89
3-89
3-92
3-92
3-92
3-93
3-95
3-96
3-96
3-96
3-98
3-98
3-98
3-98
3-99
3-100
3-100
3-100
3-100
3-100
3-101
3-101
Free Play Adjustment...................
Choke Cable Installation ..............
Cable Lubrication .........................
Throttle Body Assy ............................
Idle Speed Inspection ..................
Throttle Bore Cleaning .................
Synchronization Inspection ..........
Synchronization Adjustment ........
Throttle Body Assy Removal........
Throttle Body Assy Installation.....
Throttle Body Assy Disassembly .
Throttle Body Assy Assembly ......
Air Line ..............................................
Element Removal.........................
Element Installation......................
Air Cleaner Element Inspection ...
Oil Draining ..................................
Air Inlet Duct Removal .................
Air Inlet Duct Installation ..............
Fuel Tank ...........................................
Fuel Tank Removal ......................
Fuel Tank Installation ...................
Fuel Tank Inspection ....................
Fuel Tank Cleaning ......................
Evaporative Emission Control
System............................................
Parts Removal/Installation ...........
Hose Inspection ...........................
Separator Inspection....................
Separator Operation Test.............
Canister Inspection (California
Model Only)...............................
3-101
3-101
3-101
3-102
3-102
3-102
3-102
3-102
3-102
3-103
3-104
3-105
3-106
3-106
3-106
3-106
3-106
3-106
3-106
3-107
3-107
3-108
3-109
3-109
3-110
3-110
3-110
3-110
3-111
3-111
3-4 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Exploded View
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-5
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
Fastener
Air cleaner housing mounting bolt
Air inlet duct mounting bolts
Air cleaner housing clamp bolts
No.
4 Duct (#1, #4)
5
Torque
kgf·m
0.70
0.70
0.25
N·m
6.9
6.9
2.5
Parts
Duct (#2, #3)
6. Vacuum Switch-Valve
7. Air Cleaner Element
8. Inlet Air Duct
9. Inlet Air Temperature Sensor
CAL: California model
ft·lb
61 in·lb
61 in·lb
22 in·lb
Remarks
Standard
Option
Standard
Option
Length
Length
Length
Length
41.3
21.3
81.3
61.3
mm
mm
mm
mm
(1.63
(0.84
(3.20
(2.41
in.)
in.)
in.)
in.)
Remarks
3-6 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Exploded View
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-7
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Fastener
Inlet air pressure sensor screw
Atmospheric pressure sensor screw
Fuel delivery pipe mounting screws
Throttle body assembly holder clamp
bolts
Throttle body assembly holder bolts
Camshaft position sensor
Water temperature sensor
Vehicle-down sensor
Speed sensor mounting bolt
Crankshaft sensor mounting bolts
N·m
4.9
4.9
3.4
Torque
kgf·m
0.50
0.50
0.35
ft·lb
43 in·lb
43 in·lb
30 in·lb
3.0
0.31
27 in·lb
12
12
25
2.0
3.9
5.9
1.2
1.2
2.5
0.20
0.40
0.60
106 in·lb
106 in·lb
18
17 in·lb
35 in·lb
52 in·lb
11. Throttle Cable (accelerator)
12. Throttle Cable (decelerator)
13. Choke Cable
14. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
15. Injectors
16. Dust Seals
17. Bypass Screw
18. ECU (Electric Control Unit)
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
G: Apply grease.
SS: Apply silicone sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019–120).
CL: Apply cable lubricant.
R: Replacement Parts
Remarks
L
SS
L
3-8 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Exploded View
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-9
Exploded View
No.
1
Fastener
Fuel pump bolts
2. Fuel Pump
3. Canister
4. Separator
5. Red
6. Blue
7. Green
8. White
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
R: Replacement Parts
CAL: California model
N·m
9.8
Torque
kgf·m
1.0
ft·lb
87 in·lb
Remarks
3-10 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Specifications
Item
Digital Fuel Injection System
Idle Speed
Throttle Assy:
Type
Bore
Throttle body vacuum:
ZX636B
ZX600K
Bypass screws
ECU (Electronic Control Unit):
Make
Type
Usable engine speed
Fuel Pressure (high pressure line):
Right after Ignition SW ON,
with fuel pump running for 3 sec
with engine idling
Fuel Pump:
Type
Discharge
Fuel Injectors:
Type
Nozzle type
Resistance
Throttle Sensor:
Input voltage
Output voltage
Resistance
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor/
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor:
Input voltage
Output voltage
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor:
Resistance
Output voltage at ECU
Water Temperature Sensor:
Resistance
Output voltage at ECU
Speed Sensor:
Input voltage at sensor
Output voltage at sensor
Standard
1 300 ± 50 r/min (rpm)
Four barrel type
φ38 mm (1.5 in)
24 ± 1.3 kPa (180 ± 10 mmHg)
22 ± 1.3 kPa (165 ± 10 mmHg)
–––
Denso
Digital memory type, with built in IC igniter, sealed with
resin
100 ∼ 14 690 r/min (rpm)
304 kPa (3.1 kgf/cm², 44 psi) with fuel pump running
280 kPa (2.9 kgf/cm², 41 psi) with fuel pump stopped
304 kPa (3.1 kgf/cm², 44 psi) with fuel pump running
In-tank pump (in fuel tank), or Wesco pump (friction pump)
67 mL (2.27 US oz) or more for 3 seconds
INP–280
One spray type with 4 holes
about 11.7 ∼ 12.3 Ω at 20°C (68°F)
Non-adjustable and non-removable
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC between BL and BR/BK leads
1.02 ∼ 4.62 V DC between Y/W and BR/BK leads (at idle
throttle opening to full throttle opening)
4 ∼ 6 kΩ
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC between BL and BR/BK leads
3.80 ∼ 4.20 V DC at standard atmospheric pressure (see
this text for details)
1.6 ∼ 3.7 kΩ at 20°C (68°F)
0.24 ∼ 0.43 kΩ at 80°C (176°F)
about 2.25 ∼ 2.50 V @20°C (68°F)
see Electrical System chapter
about 2.80 ∼ 2.97 V @20°C (68°F)
about 9 ∼ 11 V DC at Ignition SW ON
about 0.05 ∼ 0.07 V DC at Ignition SW ON and 0 km/h
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-11
Specifications
Item
Vehicle-down Sensor:
Detection method
Detection angle
Detection time
Output voltage
Subthrottle Sensor:
Input Voltage
Output Voltage
Resistance
Subthrottle Valve Actuator:
Resistance
Input voltage
Throttle Grip and Cables
Throttle grip free play
Choke Cable
Choke cable free play
Standard
Magnetic flux detection method
More than 60 ∼ 70° for each bank
Within 0.5 ∼ 1.0 sec.
with the sensor tilted 60 ∼ 70° or more: 3.7 ∼ 4.4 V
with sensor arrow mark pointed up: 0.4 ∼ 1.4 V
Non-adjustable and non-removal
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC between BL and BR/BK leads
1.08 ∼ 4.60 V DC between BR and BR/BK leads (at idle
throttle opening to full throttle opening)
4 ∼ 6 kΩ
about 5 ∼ 7 kΩ
about 8.5 ∼ 10.5 V DC
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in)
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in)
3-12 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Special Tools
Oil Pressure Gauge:
57001–125
Throttle Sensor Setting Adapter:
57001–1400
Carburetor Drain Plug Wrench, Hex 3:
57001–1269
Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter:
57001–1417
Fork Oil Level Gauge:
57001–1290
Needle Adapter Set:
57001–1457
Pilot Screw Adjuster, C:
57001–1292
Throttle Sensor Setting Adapter:
57001–1538
Hand Tester:
57001–1394
Sensor Harness Adapter:
57001–1561
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-13
Special Tools
Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant):
56019–120
3-14 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System
DFI System
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-15
DFI System
1. ECU (Electric Control Unit)
2. Crankshaft Sensor
3. Camshaft Position Sensor
4. Main Throttle Sensor
5. Subthrottle Sensor
6. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
7. Inlet Air Pressure Sensor
8. Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
9. Water Temperature Sensor
10. Inlet Air Temperature Sensor
11. Vehicle-down Sensor
12. Injectors
13. Delivery Pipe
14. Pressure Regulator
15. Fuel Filter
16. Fuel Pump
17. Speed Sensor
18. Battery
19. Ignition Switch
20. Starter Locknut & Engine Stop Switch
21. Starter Relay
22. Tachometer
23. FI Indicator LED Light
24. Inlet Air Duct
25. Frame
26. Air Cleaner Element
27. Fuel Tank
28. Air Flow
29. Fuel Flow
3-16 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System
DFI System Wiring Diagram
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-17
DFI System
Part Name
1. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
2. Injector #1
3. Injector #2
4. Injector #3
5. Injector #4
6. Water Temperature Sensor
7. Speed Sensor
8. Inlet Air Temperature Sensor
9. Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
10. Subthrottle Sensor
11. Main Throttle Sensor
12. Inlet Air Pressure Sensor
13. Crankshaft Sensor
14. Camshaft Position Sensor
15. ECU (Electric Control Unit)
16. Water Temperature Gauge
17. Speedometer
18. FI Indicator LED Light
19. Stick Coil #1
20. Stick Coil #2
21. Stick Coil #3
22. Stick Coil #4
23. Starter Button
24. Engine Stop Switch
25. Ignition Switch
26. Junction Box
27. Ignition Fuse 10A
28. ECU Main Relay
29. Fuel Pump Relay
30. ECU Fuse 15A
31. Vehicle-down Sensor
32. Main Fuse 30A
33. Battery
34. Fuel Pump
35. Self-diagnosis Terminal
3-18 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System
Terminal Numbers of ECU Connectors
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-19
DFI System
Terminal Names
1. Power Supply to Sensors
2. Main Throttle Sensor Output Signal
3. Subthrottle Sensor Output Signal
4. Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Output Signal
5. Water Temperature Sensor Output Signal
6. Unused
7. Ignition Switch Output Signal
8. Unused
9. Camshaft Position Sensor (+) Output Signal
10. Unused
11. Crankshaft Sensor (+) Output Signal
12. Unused
13. Power Supply to ECU (from ECU Mine Relay)
14. Ground to Sensors
15. Unused
16. Vehicle-down Sensor Output Signal
17. Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Output Signal
18. Inlet Air Temperature Sensor Output Signal
19. Unused
20. Speed Sensor Output Signal
21. Unused
22. Camshaft Position Sensor (–) Output Signal
23. Unused
24. Crankshaft Sensor (–) Output Signal
25. Unused
26. Ground to ECU
27. Engine Stop Switch Output Signal
28. Starter Lockout Switch Output Signal
29. Starter Button Output Signal
30. Fuel Pump Relay Output Signal
31. Subthrottle Valve Actuator Output Signal 1
32. Subthrottle Valve Actuator Output Signal 2
33. Unused
34. Tachometer Output Signal
35. Injector #2 Output Signal
36. Injector #1 Output Signal
37. Stick Coil #3 Output Signal
38. Stick Coil #2 Output Signal
39. Stick Coil #1 Output Signal
40. Input Signal for Engine Stop
41. Self- diagnosis Terminal
42. Unused (Mode Switch)
43. Power Supply to ECU (from Battery)
44. Subthrottle Valve Actuator Output Signal 3
45. Subthrottle Valve Actuator Output Signal 4
46. External Diagnosis System Signal
47. FI Indicator LED Light
48. Injector #4 Output Signal
49. Injector #3 Output Signal
50. Ground for Fuel System
51. Ground for Ignition System
52. Stick Coil #4 Output Signal
3-20 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI Servicing Precautions
There are a number of important precautions that should
be followed servicing the DFI system.
○This DFI system is designed to be used with a 12 V sealed
battery as its power source. Do not use any other battery
except for a 12 V sealed battery as a power source.
○Do not reverse the battery cable connections. This will
damage the ECU.
○To prevent damage to the DFI parts, do not disconnect the
battery cables or any other electrical connections when
the ignition SW (switch) is on, or while the engine is running.
○Take care not to short the leads that are directly connected to the battery positive (+) terminal to the chassis
ground.
○When charging, remove the battery from the motorcycle.
This is to prevent ECU damage by excessive voltage.
○Whenever the DFI electrical connections are to be disconnected, first turn off the ignition SW (switch). Conversely,
make sure that all the DFI electrical connections are firmly
reconnected before starting the engine.
○Do not turn the ignition SW ON while any of the DFI electrical connectors are disconnected. The ECU memorizes
service codes.
○Do not spray water on the electrical parts, DFI parts, connectors, leads, and wiring.
○If a transceiver is installed on the motorcycle, make sure
that the operation of the DFI system is not influenced by
electric wave radiated from the antenna. Check operation
of the system with the engine at idle. Locate the antenna
as far as possible away from the ECU.
○When any fuel hose is disconnected, do not turn on the
ignition SW. Otherwise, the fuel pump will operate and
fuel will spout from the fuel hose.
○Do not operate the fuel pump if the pump is completely
dry. This is to prevent pump seizure.
○Before removing the fuel system parts, blow the outer surfaces of these parts clean with compressed air.
○When any fuel hose is disconnected, fuel may spout out
by residual pressure in the fuel line. Cover the hose joint
with a piece of clean cloth to prevent fuel spillage.
○When installing the fuel hoses, avoid sharp bending, kinking, flattening or twisting, and route the fuel hoses with a
minimum of bending so that the fuel flow will not be obstructed.
○Route the hoses according to Cable, Wire, and Hose
Routing section in the General Information chapter.
○To prevent corrosion and deposits in the fuel system, do
not add to fuel any fuel antifreeze chemicals.
○Replace the fuel hose if it has been sharply bent or kinked.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-21
DFI Servicing Precautions
○The fuel hose [A] is designed to be used through out the
motorcycle’s life without any maintenance, however, if the
motorcycle is not properly handled, the high pressure inside the fuel line can cause fuel to leak or the hose to
burst. Bend and twist the fuel hose while examining it.
Replace the hose if any cracks or bulges are noticed.
○To maintain the correct fuel/air mixture (F/A), there must
be no inlet air leaks in the DFI system. Be sure to install
the oil filler plug [A] after filling the engine oil.
Clutch Cover [B]
Torque - Oil Filler Plug: 1.5 N·m (0.15 kgf·m, 13 in·lb)
3-22 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Troubleshooting the DFI System
Outline
When an abnormality in the system occurs, the FI indicator LED (Light Emitting Diode) light goes on to alert the rider
on the meter panel. In addition, the condition of the problem
is stored in the memory of the ECU (electronic control unit).
With the engine stopped and turned in the self-diagnosis
mode, the service code [A] is indicated by the number of
times the FI indicator LED light blinks.
When due to a malfunction, the FI indicator LED light remains lit, ask the rider about the conditions [B] under which
the problem occurred and try to determine the cause [C].
Don’t rely solely on the DFI self-diagnosis function, use
common sense; first conduct a pre-diagnosis inspection,
check the ECU for ground and power supply, the fuel line for
no fuel leaks, and for correct pressure. The pre-diagnosis
items are not indicated by the FI indicator LED light.
Even when the DFI system is operating normally, the FI
indicator LED light [A] may light up under strong electrical interference. No remedy needed. Turn the ignition SW
(switch) OFF to stop the indicator light.
When the FI indicator LED light goes on and the motorcycle is brought in for repair, check the service codes.
When the repair has been done, the LED light doesn’t go
on. But the service codes stored in memory are not erased
to preserve the problem history, and the LED light can display the codes in the self-diagnosis mode. The problem
history is referred when solving unstable problems.
Much of the DFI system troubleshooting work consists
of confirming continuity of the wiring. The DFI parts are
assembled and adjusted with precision, and it is impossible
to disassemble or repair them.
checking the DFI parts, use a digital meter which
• When
can be read two decimal place voltage or resistance.
○Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
○The DFI part connectors have seals, including the ECU.
When measuring the input or output voltage with the
connector joined, use the needle adapter set. Insert the
needle adapter inside the seal until the needle adapter
reaches the terminal (for example, ECU is shown.).
Digital Meter [A]
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
CAUTION
Tape the leads to prevent short circuit of the leads.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-23
Troubleshooting the DFI System
○After measurement, remove the needle adapters and apply silicone sealant to the seals [A] of the connector [B]
for waterproofing.
Silicone Sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019-120)
Seals of Connector
check battery condition before replacing the DFI
• Always
parts. A fully charged battery is a must for conducting
•
•
•
•
•
•
accurate tests of the DFI system.
Trouble may involve one or in some cases all items.
Never replace a defective part without determining what
CAUSED the problem. If the problem was caused by
some other item or items, they too must be repaired or
replaced, or the new replacement part will soon fail again
Measure coil winding resistance when the DFI part is cold
(at room temperature)
Do not adjust or remove the throttle sensor.
Do not directly connect a 12 V battery to a fuel injector.
Insert a resistor (5 ∼ 7 Ω ) or a bulb (12 V × 3 ∼ 3.4 W) in
series between the battery and the injector.
The DFI parts have been adjusted and set with precision.
Therefore, they should be handled carefully, never strike
sharply, as with a hammer, or allowed to drop on a hard
surface. Such a shock to the parts can damage them.
Check wiring and connections from the ECU connector
to the suspected faulty DFI parts, using the hand tester
(special tool, analog tester) rather than a digital tester.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
sure all connectors in the circuit are clean and tight,
• Make
and examine wires for signs of burning, fraying, etc. Deteriorated leads and bad connections can cause reappearance of problems and unstable operation of the DFI system.
If any wiring is deteriorated, replace the wiring.
3-24 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Troubleshooting the DFI System
each connector [A] apart and inspect it for corrosion,
• Pull
dirt, and damage.
If the connector is corroded or dirty, clean it carefully. If it
is damaged, replace it. Connect the connectors securely.
Check the wiring for continuity.
○Use the wiring diagram to find the ends of the lead which
is suspected of being a problem.
○Connect the hand tester between the ends of the leads.
○Set the tester to the × 1 Ω range, and read the tester.
If the tester does not read 0 Ω, the lead is defective. Replace the lead or the main harness or the sub harness.
•
○If both ends of a harness [A] are far apart, ground [B] the
one end [C], using a jumper lead [D] and check the continuity between the end [E] and the ground [F]. This enables to check a long harness for continuity. If the harness
is open, repair or replace the harness.
down suspicious locations by repeating the con• Narrow
tinuity tests from the ECU connectors.
If no abnormality is found in the wiring or connectors, the
DFI parts are the next likely suspects. Check the part,
starting with input and output voltages. However, there is
no way to check the ECU itself.
If an abnormality is found, replace the affected DFI part.
If no abnormality is found in the wiring, connectors, and
DFI parts, replace the ECU.
○The diagnosis flow chart illustrates the above procedures.
○After inspection, be sure to connect all the DFI electrical
connectors. Do not turn the ignition SW ON while the DFI
electrical connectors and ignition system connectors are
disconnected. Otherwise, the ECU memorizes service
codes as open circuit.
○Lead Color Codes:
BK: Black
BL: Blue
BR: Brown
CH: Chocolate
DG: Dark green
G: Green
GY: Gray
LB: Light blue
LG: Light green
O: Orange
P: Pink
PU: Purple
R: Red
W: White
Y: Yellow
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-25
Troubleshooting the DFI System
○Electrical Connectors:
Female Connectors [A]
Male Connectors [B]
3-26 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Troubleshooting the DFI System
DFI Diagnosis Flow Chart
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-27
Troubleshooting the DFI System
Notes:
OK: No problem.
NG: Problem exists.
1. Inspection starts.
• An abnormality occurs in the DFI system, and the FI indicator LED light goes on to alert the rider.
• Bring the motorcycle into the shop.
2. Confirm problems.
• Reproduce the problems if possible.
3. Conduct pre-diagnosis inspection.
• The pre-diagnosis inspection items are not handled by self-diagnosis. Check the problem before
self-diagnosis, considering the symptoms of the problem.
• Pre-diagnosis Inspection Items
ECU Power Supply Inspection
ECU Fuse Inspection
ECU Main Relay Inspection
FI Indicator LED Light Operation Inspection
Fuel Pressure Inspection
Fuel Flow Rate Inspection
Fuel Line Leakage Inspection
Fuel Injectors and Fuel Pump Leakage Inspection
4. Conduct self-diagnosis.
• Enter the self-diagnosis mode and count the blinks of the FI indicator LED light to read the
service code.
5. Check items.
• Decide the faulty part, referring to the problem chart.
• Decide the check procedure for each faulty part, referring to each section (Fault Inspection 11
∼ 62).
6. Operation check.
• Make sure the FI indicator LED light goes off.
• If the problem is related to startability or idle stability, idle the engine to confirm that the DFI
system and the ignition system are operating correctly.
• If the problem is related to driveability, ride the motorcycle at 30 km/h (18 mph) or above to
confirm that the DFI system and the ignition system are operating correctly.
3-28 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Troubleshooting the DFI System
Inquiries to Rider
○Each rider reacts to problems in different ways, so it is important to confirm what kind of symptoms
the rider has encountered.
○Try to find out exactly what problem occurred under exactly what conditions by asking the rider;
knowing this information may help you reproduce the problem.
○The diagnosis sheet will help prevent you from overlooking any areas, and will help you decide if it
is a DFI system problem, or a general engine problem.
Diagnosis Keys
What –
When –
Where –
How –
Motorcycle model
Date (frequency of problem)
Road conditions, altitude
Riding conditions
Environment
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-29
Troubleshooting the DFI System
Sample Diagnosis Sheet
Rider name: Registration No. (license plate No.):
Year of initial registration:
Model:
Engine No.:
Frame No.:
Date problem occured:
Mileage:
Environment when problem occurred.
Weather
□ fine, □ cloudy, □ rain, □ snow, □ always, □ other:
Temperature □ hot, □ warm, □ cold, □ very cold, □ always
Problem
□ chronic, □ often, □ once
frequency
Road
Altitude
FI indicator
LED light
Starting
difficulty
Engine stalls
□ street, □ highway, □ mountain road (□ uphill, □ downhill), □ bumpy, □ pebble
□ normal, □ high (about 1000 m or more)
Motorcycle conditions when problem occurred.
□ light up immediately after ignition SW ON, and goes off after 1 ∼ 2 seconds
(normal).
□ lights blinks immediately after ignition SW ON, and stays on (DFI problem)
□ lights up immediately after ignition SW ON, but goes off after about 10
seconds (DFI problem).
□ unlights (LED light, ECU or its wiring fault).
□ sometimes lights up (probably wiring fault).
□ starter motor not rotating.
□ starter motor rotating but engine doesn’t turn over.
□ starter motor and engine don’t turn over.
□ no fuel flow (□ no fuel in tank, □ no fuel pump sound).
□ engine flooded (do not crank engine with throttle opened, which promotes engine
flooding).
□ no spark.
□ choke lever is not pulled fully when using the lever (pull it fully when using).
□ other:
□ right after starting.
□ when opening throttle grip.
□ when closing throttle grip.
□ when moving off.
□ when stopping the motorcycle.
□ when cruising.
□ other:
3-30 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Troubleshooting the DFI System
Poor running
at low speed
Poor running
or no power
at high speed
□ choke lever pulled out fully (push it in fully).
□ very low choke speed.
□ very low idle speed, □ very high idle speed, □ rough idle speed.
□ battery voltage is low (charge the battery).
□ spark plug loose (tighten it).
□ spark plug dirty, broken, or gap maladjusted (remedy it).
□ backfiring.
□ afterfiring.
□ hesitation when acceleration.
□ engine oil viscosity too high.
□ brake dragging.
□ engine overheating.
□ clutch slipping.
□ other:
□ choke lever pulled out fully (push it in fully).
□ spark plug loose (tighten it).
□ spark plug dirty, broken, or gap maladjusted (remedy it).
□ spark plug incorrect (replace it).
□ knocking (fuel poor quality or incorrect, → use high-octane gasoline).
□ brake dragging.
□ clutch slipping.
□ engine overheating.
□ engine oil level too high.
□ engine oil viscosity too high.
□ other:
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-31
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
NOTE
○This is not an exhaustive list, giving every possible cause for each problem listed.
It is meant
simply as a rough guide to assist the troubleshooting for some of the more common difficulties.
○The ECU may be involved in the DFI electrical and ignition system troubles. If these parts and
circuits are checked out good, be sure to check the ECU for ground and power supply. If the
ground and power supply are checked good, replace the ECU.
Engine Doesn’t Start, Starting Difficulty
Symptoms or possible Causes
Starter motor not rotating:
Ignition and engine stop switches not ON
Starter lockout switch or neutral switch trouble
Starter motor trouble
Battery voltage low
Starter relays not contacting or operating
Starter button not contacting
Actions (chapter)
Turn both switches ON.
Inspect (see chapter 16)
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect and charge (see chapter 16).
Inspect the starter relay (see chapter 16).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Starter system wiring open or shorted
Ignition switch trouble
Engine stop switch trouble
Main 30A or ignition fuse blown
Starter motor rotating but engine doesn’t
turn over :
Starter clutch trouble
Starter idle gear trouble
Engine won’t turn over :
Valve seizure
Cylinder, piston seizure
Camshaft seizure
Inspect the wiring (see chapter 16).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Connecting rod small end seizure
Connecting rod big end seizure
Crankshaft seizure
Transmission gear or bearing seizure
Balancer bearing seizure
No fuel flow :
No or little fuel in tank
Fuel pump not rotating
Fuel injector trouble
Fuel tank air vent obstructed
Fuel filter or pump screen clogged
Fuel pressure regulator clogged
Fuel line clogged
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect (see chapter 9).
Inspect (see chapter 9).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
and
and
and
and
and
replace
replace
replace
replace
replace
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
9).
9).
9).
9).
9).
Supply fuel (see Owner’s Manual).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace fuel pump (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace fuel pump (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Engine flooded :
Spark plug dirty, broken or gap maladjusted
Starting technique faulty
No spark or spark weak :
Clean spark plugs and adjust plug gap (see
chapter 2).
When flooded, don’t crank engine with throttle
fully opened.
3-32 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or possible Causes
Ignition and engine stop switches not ON
Clutch lever not pulled in and gear not in neutral
whether sidestand up or not
Though clutch lever pulled in, sidestand up and
gear not in neutral
Vehicle-down sensor coming off
Vehicle-down sensor trouble
ECU ground or power supply trouble
Battery voltage low
Spark plug dirty, broken or gap maladjusted
Spark plug cap trouble
Spark plug cap shorted or not in good contact
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Neutral, starter lockout or sidestand switch
trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Ignition switch shorted
Engine stop switch shorted
Starter system wiring shorted or open
Actions (chapter)
Turn both switches ON .
Pull the lever in and shift the gear in neutral.
Sidestand down and clutch lever pulled in
whether gear in neutral or not
Reinstall (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3) .
Inspect (see chapter 3) .
Inspect and charge (see chapter 16).
Clean spark plug and adjust plug gap (see
chapter 2).
Inspect stick coil (see chaper 16).
Reinstall or inspect stick coil (see chapter 16).
Replace it with the correct plug (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect each switch (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 16) .
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 16).
Main 30A or ignition fuse blown
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Fuel/air mixture incorrect :
Air cleaner clogged, poorly sealed or missing
Clean or reinstall (see chapter 3).
Leak from oil filler cap, crankcase breather hose
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 3).
or air cleaner drain hose
Change fuel. Inspect and clean fuel system (see
Water or foreign matter in fuel
chapter 3).
Inspect fuel pressure and replace fuel pump (see
Fuel pressure regulator trouble
chapter 3).
Main throttle sensor trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Fuel pressure may be low
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Fuel pump trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Fuel injector trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Water temperature sensor trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Compression low :
Spark plug loose
Cylinder head not sufficiently tightened down
Cylinder, piston worn
Piston ring bad (worn, weak, broken or sticking)
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Reinstall (see chapter 16).
Tighten (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-33
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or possible Causes
Piston ring /groove clearance excessive
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Cylinder head warped
No valve clearance
Valve guide worn
Valve spring broken or weak
Valve not seating properly (valve bent, worn or
carbon accumulating on seating surface)
Actions (chapter)
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Adjust (see chapter 2).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 5).
Poor Running at Low Speed
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Spark weak :
Battery voltage low
Spark plug dirty, broken or gap maladjusted
Spark plug cap trouble
Spark plug cap shorted or not in good contact
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Fuel / air mixture incorrect :
Little fuel in tank
Air cleaner clogged, poorly sealed, or missing
Air cleaner duct loose
Air cleaner O-ring damaged
Fuel tank air vent obstructed
Throttle body assy loose
Throttle body assy O-ring damage
Choke lever pulled
Fuel filter or pump screen clogged
Fuel pressure regulator clogged
Fuel line clogged
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Thermostat trouble
Unstable (rough) idling :
Fuel injector trouble
Main throttle sensor trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Throttle valves not synchronizing
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Actions (chapter)
Inspect and charge (see chapter 16).
Clean spark plugs and adjust plug gap (see
chapter 2).
Inspect the stick coil (see chapter 16).
Reinstall or inspect stick coil (see chapter 16).
Replace it with the correct plug (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Supply fuel (see Owner’s Manual).
Clean element or inspect sealing (see chapter 3).
Reinstall (see chapter 3).
Replace (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Reinstall (see chapter 3).
Replace (see chapter 3).
Push it (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace fuel pump (see chapter 3).
Inspect fuel pressure and replace fuel pump (see
chapter 3).
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
and repair (see chapter 3).
(see chapter 3).
(see chapter 3).
and replace (see chapter 4).
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
3).
3).
3).
2).
3).
3).
3-34 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Fuel pressure too low or too high
Battery voltage low
Incorrect idle speed :
Water temperature sensor trouble
Main throttle sensor trouble
Engine stalls easily :
Fuel pump trouble
Fuel injector trouble
Main throttle sensor trouble
Camshaft position sensor trouble
Fuel pressure too low or too high
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Fuel line clogged
Fuel pressure too low or too high
Fuel pressure regulator trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Compression Low :
Spark plug loose
Cylinder head not sufficiently tightened down
No valve clearance
Cylinder, piston worn
Piston ring bad (worn, weak, broken or sticking )
Piston ring /groove clearance excessive
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Cylinder head warped
Valve guide worn or stem seal damaged
Valve spring broken or weak
Valve not seating properly (valve bent, worn or
carbon accumulating on seating surface)
Camshaft cam worn
Hesitation :
Too low fuel pressure
Clogged fuel line
Cracked or obstructed inlet air pressure sensor
hose
Fuel pump trouble
Fuel injector trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Main throttle sensor trouble
Subthrottle sensor trouble
Actions (chapter)
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and charge (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
3).
3).
3).
3).
3).
3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect fuel pressure and replace fuel pump (see
chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Reinstall (see chapter 16).
Tighten (see chapter 5).
Adjust (see chapter 2).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-35
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Subthrottle valve actuator trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Loose injector connectors
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Loose terminal of battery (–) lead or engine
ground lead
Delay of ignition timing
Poor acceleration :
Choke lever pulled
Too low fuel pressure
Water or foreign matter in fuel
Clogged fuel filter or pump screen
Fuel pump trouble
Fuel injector trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Subthrottle sensor trouble
Subthrottle valve actuator trouble
Stick coil trouble
Engine oil level to high
Spark plug dirty, broken or gap maladjusted
Stumble :
Too low fuel pressure
Fuel injector trouble
Main throttle sensor malfunction
Subthrottle sensor trouble
Subthrottle valve actuator trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Surge :
Unstable fuel pressure
Fuel injector trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Backfiring when deceleration :
Spark plug dirty, broken or gap maladjusted
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
(see
(see
(see
(see
Actions (chapter)
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
Remedy (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect and repair (see chapter 16).
Inspect crankshaft sensor and IC igniter in ECU
(see chapter 16).
Push it (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Change fuel. Inspect and clean fuel system (see
chapter 3).
Inspect and replace fuel pump (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Repair (see chapter 7).
Clean spark plugs and adjust plug gap (see
chapter 2).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
chapter
3).
3).
3).
3).
3).
Fuel pressure regulator trouble (Inspect and
replace fuel pump) or kinked fuel line (Inspect
and repair fuel line) (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Clean spark plugs and adjust plug gap (see
chapter 2).
3-36 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Too low fuel pressure
Fuel pump trouble
Main throttle sensor trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Vacuum switch valve broken
Air suction valve trouble
After fire :
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Spark plug burned or gap maladjusted
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Water temperature sensor trouble
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Fuel injector trouble
Run-on (dieseling) :
Ignition switch trouble
Engine stop switch trouble
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
Inspect
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
(see
Actions (chapter)
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Adjust plug gap or replace plug (see chapter 2).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Fuel injector trouble
Loose terminal of battery (–) lead or ECU ground
Inspect and repair (see chapter 16).
lead
Carbon accumulating on valve seating surface
Repair (see chapter 5).
(see Overheating of Troubleshooting Guide, see
Engine overheating
chapter 17)
Other :
Engine oil viscosity too high
Change (see chapter 2).
Inspect drive chain (see chapter 2) and sprocket
Drive train trouble
(see chapter 11).
Inspect caliper fluid seal damage or clogging
Brake dragging
of master cylinder relief and supply ports (see
chapter 12).
Clutch slipping
Inspect friction plates for wear (see chapter 6).
(see Overheating of Troubleshooting Guide, see
Engine overheating
chapter 17)
Vacuum switch valve trouble
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Air suction valve trouble
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Intermittent any DFI fault and its recovery
Check that DFI connectors are clean and tight,
and examine wires for signs of burning or fraying
(see chapter 3).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-37
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Poor Running or No Power at High Speed:
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Firing incorrect :
Spark plug dirty, broken or maladjusted
Spark plug cap trouble
Spark plug cap shorted or not in good contact
Actions (chapter)
Clean spark plug and adjust plug gap (see
chapter 2).
Inspect stick coil (see chapter 16).
Reinstall or inspect stick coil (see chapter 16).
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Fuel/air mixture incorrect :
Choke lever pulled
Air cleaner clogged, poorly sealed, or missing
Air cleaner duct loose
Air cleaner O-ring damaged
Replace it with the correct plug (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Main throttle sensor trouble
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Inlet air pressure sensor trouble
Cracked or obstructed inlet air pressure sensor
hose
Injector clogged
Compression low :
Spark plug loose
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Cylinder head not sufficiently tightened down
No valve clearance
Cylinder, piston worn
Piston ring bad (worn, weak, broken or sticking)
Piston ring /groove clearance excessive
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Cylinder head warped
Valve spring broken or weak
Valve not seating properly (valve bent , worn or
carbon accumulating on the seating surface)
Knocking :
Carbon built up in combustion chamber
Tighten (see chapter 5).
Adjust (see chapter 2).
Inspect and replace (see chapter
Inspect and replace (see chapter
Inspect and replace (see chapter
Replace (see chapter 5) .
Inspect and replace (see chapter
Inspect and replace (see chapter
Push it (see chapter 3).
Clean element or inspect sealing (see chapter 3).
Reinstall (see chapter 3).
Replace (see chapter 3).
Change fuel. Inspect and clean fuel system (see
Water or foreign matter in fuel
chapter 3).
Throttle body assy loose
Reinstall (see chapter 3).
Throttle body assy O-ring damaged
Replace (see chapter 3).
Fuel tank air vent obstructed
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Fuel line clogged
Inspect and repair (see chapter 3).
Fuel pump operates intermittently and often DFI Pump bearings may wear. Replace the pump
fuse blows.
(see chapter 3).
Fuel pump trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 3).
Visually inspect and replace (see chapter 3).
Reinstall (see chapter 16).
5).
5).
5).
5).
5).
Inspect and repair or replace (see chapter 5).
Repair (see chapter 5).
3-38 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Fuel poor quality or incorrect (Use the gasoline
recommended in the Owner’s Manual)
Spark plug incorrect
Stick coil trouble
Actions (chapter)
Change fuel (see chapter 3).
Replace it with the correct plug (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 16).
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Atmospheric pressure sensor trouble
Miscellaneous :
Subthrottle sensor trouble
Subthrottle valve actuator trouble
Speed sensor trouble
Inspect (see chapter 16).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Engine oil viscosity too high
Change (see chapter 3).
Inspect drive chain (see chapter 2) and sprockets
(see chapter 11).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect throttle cable and lever linkage (see
Throttle valves won’t fully open
chapter 3).
Inspect caliper fluid seal damage or clogging
of master cylinder relief and supply ports (see
Brake dragging
chapter 12).
Clutch slipping
Inspect friction plates for wear (see chapter 6).
Engine overheating - Water temperature sensor, (see Overheating of Troubleshooting Guide in
crankshaft sensor or speed sensor trouble
chapter 17).
Engine oil level too high
Repair (see chapter 7).
Drive train trouble
Camshaft cam worn
Vacuum switch valve trouble
Air suction valve trouble
Catalytic converters melt down due to muffler
overheating (KLEEN)
Exhaust Smokes Excessively :
(White smokes)
Piston oil ring worn
Cylinder worn
Valve oil seal damaged
Valve guide worn
Engine oil level too high
(Black smoke)
Air cleaner clogged
Choke lever pulled
Too high fuel pressure
Injector stuck open
Water temperature sensor trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
(Brown smoke)
Air cleaner duct loose
Air cleaner O-ring damaged
Replace muffler (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 5).
Replace (see chapter 5).
Replace the guide (see chapter 5).
Repair (see chapter 7).
Clean (see chapter 3).
Push it (see chapter 3).
Inspect (see chapter 3) .
Inspect (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 3).
Reinstall (see chapter 3).
Replace (see chapter 3).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-39
DFI System Troubleshooting Guide
Symptoms or Possible Causes
Too low fuel pressure
Water temperature sensor trouble
Inlet air temperature sensor trouble
Actions (chapter)
Inspect fuel line and fuel pump (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 3).
Inspect and replace (see chapter 3)
3-40 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
ECU
CAUTION
Never drop the ECU, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the ECU can damage it.
ECU Removal
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Seat Cover (see Frame chapter)
Battery Leads
Bolts [A]
Storage Compartments [B]
○Lift up the rear part [C] of the storage compartments and
then pull it rearward.
the following parts from the bracket.
• Remove
Junction Box [A]
•
Starter Relay [B]
Turn Signal Relay [C]
Fuel Pump Relay [D]
ECU Main Relay [E]
Fuse Case [F]
Disconnect the ECU lead connectors [G].
• Remove:
ECU [A]
ECU Installation
the ECU connectors.
• Connect
If the rubber protector [A] is removed, install it.
ECU [B]
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-41
ECU
the projections [A] of the rear fender front into the
• Insert
slits [B] of the rubber protector.
ECU Power Supply Inspection
inspect the terminals [A] of the ECU connectors.
• Visually
If the connector is clogged with mud or dust, blow it off
with compressed air.
Replace the main harness if the terminals of the main
harness connectors are cracked, bent, or otherwise damaged.
Replace the ECU if the terminals of the ECU connectors
are cracked, bent, or otherwise damaged.
the ECU connectors [A] connected, check the follow• With
ing ground lead for continuity with the ignition SW OFF,
using a tester and needle adapter set.
ECU Grounding Inspection
26, 50, or 51 (BK/Y)
←→ Battery (–) Terminal: 0 Ω
Terminal
Engine Ground
←→ Battery (–) Terminal: 0 Ω
If no continuity, check the connector, the engine ground
lead, or main harness, and repair or replace them if necessary.
[B] Battery
[C] Tester
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
3-42 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
ECU
the ECU power source voltage with a tester [A].
•○Check
Position the terminal in accordance with terminal numbers
of ECU connectors [B] in this chapter figure.
Battery [C]
ECU Power Source Inspection
Tester
Connections:
between 13 (W/Y) Terminal and
Battery (–) Terminal
between 43 (W) Terminal and
Battery (–) Terminal
Ignition SW OFF:
13 (W/Y) Terminal 0 V,
43 (W) Terminal 12.5 V or more
Ignition SW ON:
Battery Voltage (12.5 V or more)
If the tester does not read as specified, check the following:
Power Source Wiring (see wiring diagram below)
Main Fuse 30 A (see Electrical System chapter)
ECU Fuse 15 A (see DFI Power Source section)
ECU Main Relay (see DFI Power Source section)
ECU Power Source Circuit
1.
2.
3.
4.
ECU
Ignition Switch
ECU Main Relay
ECU Fuse 15 A
5. Main Fuse 30 A
6. Starter Relay
7. Battery
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-43
DFI Power Source
ECU Fuse Removal
to the Electrical System chapter for the ECU fuse
• Refer
removal.
ECU Fuse Installation
•
If a fuse fails during operation, inspect the DFI system to
determine the cause, and then replace it with a new fuse
of proper amperage.
Refer to the Electrical System chapter for the ECU fuse
installation.
ECU Fuse Inspection
to the Electrical System chapter for the ECU Fuse
• Refer
Inspection.
ECU Main Relay Removal
CAUTION
Never drop the relay, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the relay can damage it.
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Remove
main relay [A] from the bracket and
• disconnectthetheECU
connector.
ECU Main Relay Inspection
the ECU main relay (see above).
• Remove
Connect
hand tester [A] and one 12 V battery [B] to
• the relay the
connector [C] as shown.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Relay Coil Terminals [1] and [2]
Relay Switch Terminals [3] and [4]
Testing Relay
Tester range:
Criteria:
1 Ω range
When battery is connected → 0 Ω
When battery is disconnected → ∞ Ω
If the relay does not work as specified, replace the relay.
3-44 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
FI Indicator LED Light
Inspection Flow Chart
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-45
FI Indicator LED Light
LED Light Inspection
the meter unit (see Electrical System chapter).
• Remove
Using
two
auxiliary leads, supply battery power to the FI
• indicator LED
light [A].
12 V Battery [B]
FI Indicator LED Light Check
Connector:
Meter Connector [C] (disconnected)
Connection:
BR/W Lead Terminal [1] of the Meter
→ Battery (+) Terminal
BR/R Lead Terminal [6] of the Meter
→ Battery (–) Terminal
Criterion:
The LED light should light.
If the LED light does not go on, replace the meter unit.
1.
2.
3.
4.
ECU
Ignition Switch
FI Indicator LED Light
Junction Box
5.
6.
7.
8.
Ignition Fuse 10 A
Starter Relay
Main Fuse 30 A
Battery
3-46 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Line
Fuel Pressure Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
•
•
Fuel Tank Bolts (see Fuel Tank Removal)
Be sure to place a piece of cloth around the fuel supply
pipe of the throttle body assembly and fuel pump.
Remove the fuel hose.
WARNING
Be prepared for fuel spillage; any spilled fuel must
be completely wiped up immediately.
When the fuel hose is disconnected, fuel spills out
from the hose and the pipe because of residual
pressure. Cover the hose connection with a piece
of clean cloth to prevent fuel spillage.
the fuel pressure gauge adapter [A] between the
• Install
fuel supply pipes of the fuel pump and throttle body assy.
the pressure gauge [B] to the fuel pressure
• Connect
gauge adapter.
Special Tools - Fuel Pressure Gauge Adapter: 57001–1417
Oil Pressure Gauge: 57001–125
WARNING
Do not try to start the engine with the fuel hoses
disconnected.
the ignition switch ON. The fuel pump will turn for 3
• Turn
seconds, and then stop.
CAUTION
Do not drive the fuel pump 3 seconds or more without the fuel in the fuel tank. If the fuel pump is driven
without the fuel, it may be damaged.
• Measure the fuel pressure with the engine stopped.
Fuel Pressure
right after Ignition SW ON, with pump running:
Standard:
304 kPa (3.1 kgf/cm², 44 psi)
after 3 seconds from Ignition SW ON, with pump
stopped:
Standard:
280 kPa (2.9 kgf/cm², 41 psi) , residual
fuel pressure)
The system should hold the residual
pressure about 30 seconds.
the engine, and let it idle.
• Start
Measure
the fuel pressure with the engine idling.
•
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-47
Fuel Line
Fuel Pressure (idling)
Standard:
304 kPa (3.1 kgf/cm², 44 psi)
NOTE
○The gauge hand will fluctuate. Read the pressure at the
average of the maximum and minimum indications.
•
•
If the fuel pressure is much higher than the specified, replace the fuel pump.
If the fuel pressure is much lower than specified, check
the following:
Fuel Line Leakage
Amount of Fuel Flow (see Fuel Flow Rate Inspection)
If the fuel pressure is much lower than specified, and if
inspection above checks out good, replace the throttle
body assy, or the fuel pump and measure the fuel pressure again.
Remove the fuel pressure gauge and adapter.
Install the fuel tank (see Fuel Tank Installation).
Fuel Flow Rate Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
WARNING
Gasoline is extremely flammable and can be explosive under certain conditions. Make sure the area
is well-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks; this includes any appliance with a pilot
light. Do not smoke. Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Be prepared for fuel spillage; any spilled fuel must
be completely wiped up immediately.
the ignition switch, and engine stop switch OFF.
• Turn
until the engine cools down.
• Wait
Prepare
fuel hose of the inside diameter 7.5 mm (0.30
• in.) and aa measuring
cylinder.
Remove:
• Seats (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank Bolts (see Fuel Tank Removal)
the fuel tank cap [A] to lower the pressure in the
• Open
tank.
sure to place a piece of cloth around the fuel supply
• Be
pipe of the fuel pump.
the fuel hose from the fuel pump (see Fuel Pump
• Remove
Removal).
WARNING
Be prepared for fuel spillage; any spilled fuel must
be completely wiped up immediately.
When the fuel hose is disconnected, fuel spills out
from the hose and the pipe because of residual
pressure. Cover the hose connection with a piece
of clean cloth to prevent fuel spillage.
3-48 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Line
the prepared fuel hose [A] to the fuel supply pipe
• Connect
of the fuel pump.
the fuel hose with a clamp.
• Secure
• Insert the fuel hose into the measuring cylinder [B].
WARNING
Wipe off spilled out fuel immediately.
Be sure to hold the measuring cylinder vertical.
the fuel tank cap.
• Close
the engine stopped, turn the ignition switch ON. The
• With
fuel pump should operate for 3 seconds, and then should
stop.
CAUTION
Do not drive the fuel pump 3 seconds or more without the fuel in the fuel tank. If the fuel pump is driven
without the fuel, it may be damaged.
the discharge for 3 seconds.
•○Measure
Repeat this operation several times.
Amount of Fuel Flow
Standard:
67 mL (2.27 US oz) or more for 3 seconds
•
•
If the fuel flow is much less than the specified, check the
following:
Battery Condition (see Electrical System chapter)
After inspection, connect the fuel hoses. (see Fuel Tank
Installation).
Start the engine and check for fuel leakage.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-49
Fuel Pump
Fuel Pump Removal
CAUTION
Never drop the fuel pump, especially on a hard surface. Such a shock to the pump can damage it.
WARNING
Gasoline is extremely flammable and can be explosive under certain conditions. Make sure the area
is well-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks; this includes any appliance with a pilot
light. Do not smoke. Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Disconnect the battery (–) terminal.
To make fuel spillage minimum, draw the fuel out
from the fuel tank when the engine is cold. Be
prepared for fuel spillage; any spilled fuel must be
completely wiped up immediately.
the fuel out from the fuel tank with a commercially
• Draw
available electric pump.
the fuel tank (see Fuel Tank Removal).
•○Remove
Be careful of fuel spillage from the fuel tank since fuel still
remains in the fuel tank and fuel pump. Plug the fuel pipe
of the fuel tank.
the fuel tank upside down.
• Turn
Unscrew
the fuel pump bolts [A], and take out the fuel
• pump assembly
[B] and gasket.
Discard
the
fuel
pump
gasket.
•
CAUTION
Do not pull the leads (C) of the fuel pump and fuel
reserve switch. If they are pulled, the lead terminals
may be damaged.
Fuel Pump Installation
dirt or dust from the fuel pump [A] by lightly ap• Remove
plying compressed air.
• Replace the fuel pump gasket with a new one.
3-50 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Pump
that the fuel pump terminal [A] and band [B] are in
• Check
place.
•
•
•
[C] Front
Apply a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
the fuel pump bolts.
Tighten the fuel pump bolts to a snug fit following the tightening sequence shown.
Following the tightening sequence, tighten the pump bolts
to the specified torque.
Torque - Fuel Pump Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87 in·lb)
the pump bolts again to check the tightness in the
• Tighten
order shown.
Operation Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ignition switch ON and make sure that the fuel
• Turn
pump operates (make light sounds) for 3 seconds, and
•
then stops.
Turn the ignition switch OFF.
If the pump does not work as described above, inspect
the operating voltage.
Operating Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
the fuel tank bolts and lift up the fuel tank.
•
the hand tester (25 V DC) to the connector [A],
• Connect
with needle adapter set.
Special Tools - Hand Tester: 57001-1394
Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
○Measure the operating voltage with the engine stopped,
and with the connector joined.
Turn the ignition switch ON.
○The tester needle should indicate battery voltage for 3
seconds, and then 0 V.
•
Pump Operating Voltage at Pump
Connections to Pump Connectors
Tester (+) → Y/R Lead
Tester (–) → BK/W Lead
Operating Voltage at Pump Connector
Standard:
Battery Voltage (12.5 V or more) for 3
seconds, and then 0 V.
If the reading stays on battery voltage, and never shows
0 V. Check the ECU and fuel pump relay.
If the voltage is in specification, but the pump doesn’t
work, replace the pump.
If there is still no battery voltage, check the pump relay
(see this chapter).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-51
Fuel Pump
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
ECU
Ignition Switch
ECU Main Relay
Fuel Pump Relay
ECU Fuse 15 A
Main Fuse 30 A
7. Starter Relay
8. Battery
9. Fuel Pump
10. Engine Stop Switch
11. Junction Box
12. Ignition Fuse 10 A
3-52 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Pump Relay
Fuel Pump Relay Removal
CAUTION
Never drop the relay, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the relay can damage it.
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
the fuel pump relay [A] from the bracket and dis• Remove
connect the connector.
Fuel Pump Relay Inspection
the fuel pump relay (see above).
• Remove
Connect
hand tester [A] and one 12 V battery [B] to
• the relay the
connector [C] as shown.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Relay Coil Terminals [1] and [2]
Relay Switch Terminals [3] and [4]
Testing Relay
Tester range:
Criteria:
1 Ω range
When battery is connected → 0 Ω
When battery is disconnected → ∞ Ω
If the relay does not work as specified, replace the relay.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-53
Fuel Pump Relay
1. ECU
2. Fuel Pump
3. Ignition Switch
4. ECU Main Relay
5. Fuel Pump Relay
6. ECU Fuse 15 A
7. Main Fuse 30 A
8. Starter Relay
9. Battery
10. Engine Stop Switch
11. Ignition Fuse 10 A
12. Junction Box
3-54 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Injectors
CAUTION
Never drop the injector, especially on a hard surface. Such a shock to the injector can damage it.
Audible Inspection
the engine.
• Start
Apply
of a screwdriver [A] to the injector [B]. Put
• the griptheendtiponto
your ear, and listen whether the injector
is clicking or not.
A sound scope can also be used.
Do the same for the other injector.
If all the injectors click at a regular intervals, the injectors
are good.
○The click interval becomes shorter as the engine speed
rises.
If either injector doesn’t click, perform the “Injector Signal
Test” for injector operation.
•
•
Injector Signal Test
two test light sets with male terminals as shown.
• Prepare
Rating of Bulb [A]: 12 V × 3 ∼ 3.4 W
Terminal Width [B]: 1.8 mm (0.07 in)
Terminal Thickness [C]: 0.8 mm (0.03 in)
CAUTION
Do not use larger terminals than specified above. A
larger terminal could damage the injector main harness connector (female), leading to harness repair
or replacement.
Be sure to connect bulbs in series. The bulb works
as a current limiter to protect the solenoid in the
injector from excessive current.
connectors for injector [A].
• Remove
Connect
each
• connector [C]. test light set [B] to the injector sub harness
the ignition switch ON.
• Turn
While
the engine with the starter motor, watch
• the testcranking
lights.
If the test lights flicker at regular intervals, the injector
circuit in the ECU, and the wiring are good. Perform the
“Injector Resistance Inspection”.
○Injector signals can be also confirmed by connecting the
hand tester (× 10 V AC) instead of the test light set to
the injector main harness (female) connector. Crank the
engine with the starter motor, and check to see if the hand
oscillates at regular intervals.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001-1394
If the test light doesn’t flicker (or the test hand doesn’t
oscillates), check the wiring and connectors again. If the
wiring is good, check the injector voltage.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-55
Fuel Injectors
Injector Resistance Inspection
the throttle body assy (see Throttle Body Assy
• Remove
Removal).
the connector from the injector [A] (see Throt• Disconnect
tle Body Disassembly/Assembly).
• Measure the injector resistance with the hand tester [B].
Special Tool - Kawasaki Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Injector Resistance
Connections to Injector
Meter (+)
Meter (–)
#1: W/R ←→ BL/R Terminal
#2: W/R ←→ BL/G Terminal
#3: W/R ←→ BL/BK Terminal
#4: W/R ←→ BL/Y Terminal
Standard:
about 11.7 ∼ 12.3 Ω @20°C (68°F)
If the reading is out of the range, perform the “Injector Unit
Test”.
If the reading is normal, perform the “Injector Unit Test”
for confirmation.
Injector Unit Test
two leads [A] and the same test light set [B] as in
• Use
“Injector Signal Test”.
Rating of Bulb [C]: 12 V × (3 ∼ 3.4) W
12 V Battery [D]
CAUTION
Be sure to connect the bulb in series. The bulb
works as a current limiter to protect the solenoid
in the injector from excessive current.
the test light set to the injector [E] as shown.
• Connect
Open
and
[F] the end of the lead to the battery
• (–) terminalconnect
repeatedly. The injector should click.
If the injector does not click, replace the injector.
3-56 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Injectors
Injector Voltage Inspection
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove:
• Fuel Tank (see Fuel Tank Removal)
a digital voltmeter [A] to the connector [B], with
• Connect
the needle adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001-1457
Injector Power Source Voltage
Connector to Injector #1, #2, #3, #4
Meter (+) → W/R lead
Meter (–) → Battery (–) Terminal
the fuel tank.
• Install
Turn
the
ignition switch ON.
•
Power Source Voltage at Injector Connector
Standard:
Battery Voltage (12.5 V or more)
If the power source voltage is less than standard, check
the wiring (see wiring diagram in this section), fuel pump
relay (Fuel Pump Relay Inspection) and ECU power
source (see ECU Power Supply Inspection).
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove:
• Fuel Tank (see Fuel Tank Removal)
a digital voltmeter [A] to the connector [B], with
• Connect
the needle adapter set [C].
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001-1457
Injector Output Voltage
Connections to Injector #1
Meter (+) → BL/R lead
Meter (–) → Battery (-) Terminal
Connections to Injector #2
Meter (+) → BL/G lead
Meter (–) → Battery (-) Terminal
Connections to Injector #3
Meter (+) → BL/BK lead
Meter (–) → Battery (-) Terminal
Connections to Injector #4
Meter (+) → BL/Y lead
Meter (–) → Battery (-) Terminal
the fuel tank.
• Install
Turn
the
ignition switch ON.
•
Output Voltage at Injector Connector
Standard:
Battery Voltage (12.5 V or more)
If the output voltage is out of the standard, replace the
ECU.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-57
Fuel Injectors
Injector Fuel Line Inspection
the throttle body assy (see this chapter).
• Remove
Check
the
fuel line for leakage as follows:
•○Connect ainjector
commercially available vacuum/pressure
pump [A] to the nipple of the delivery pipe [B] with the
fuel hose [C] (both ends connected with the clamps [D])
as shown.
Torque - Fuel Hose Clamp Screws: 1.5 N·m (0.15 kgf·m, 13
in·lb)
○Apply soap and water solution to the areas [E] as shown.
○Watching the pressure gauge, squeeze the pump lever
[F], and build up the pressure until the pressure reaches
the maximum pressure.
Fuel Line Maximum Pressure
Standard:
300 kPa (3.06 kgf/cm², 43 psi)
CAUTION
During pressure testing, do not exceed the maximum pressure for which the system is designed.
the gauge for at least 6 seconds.
• Watch
If the pressure holds steady, the system is good.
If the pressure drops at once, or if bubbles are found in
the area, the line is leaking. Replace the delivery pipe,
injectors and related parts.
○Repeat the leak test, and check the fuel line for no leakage.
Install the throttle body assy (see this chapter).
Run the hoses correctly (see Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing section in Appendix chapter).
•
•
3-58 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Injectors
1. ECU
2. Fuel Injector #4
3. Fuel Injector #3
4. Fuel Injector #2
5. Fuel Injector #1
6. Ignition Switch
7. ECU Main Relay
8. Fuel Pump Relay
9. ECU Fuse 15 A
10. Main Fuse 30 A
11. Starter Relay
12. Battery
13. Engine Stop Switch
14. Ignition Fuse 10 A
15. Junction Box
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-59
Self-Diagnosis
Self-diagnosis Outline
The self-diagnosis system has three modes and can be
switched to another mode by grounding the self-diagnosis
terminal [A].
User Mode:
The ECU notifies the rider of troubles in DFI system and
ignition system by lighting the FI indicator when DFI system
and ignition system parts are faulty, and initiates fail-safe
function. In case of serious troubles ECU stops the injection/ignition/starter motor operation.
Dealer Mode 1:
The FI indicator LED light emits service code(s) to show
the problem(s) which the DFI system and ignition system
has at the moment of diagnosis.
Dealer Mode 2:
The FI indicator light LED emits service code(s) to show
the problem(s) which the DFI system and ignition system
had in the past.
Self-diagnosis Procedures
○When a problem occurs with the DFI system and ignition
system, the DFI indicator LED light [A] goes on.
○Use
NOTE
a fully charged battery when conducting
self-diagnosis. Otherwise, the LED light blinks very
slowly or doesn’t blink.
○Keep the self-diagnosis terminal grounded during self
-diagnosis, with a auxiliary lead.
the seats (see Frame chapter) and pull the self
• Remove
-diagnosis terminal [G].
on the ignition switch.
• Turn
an auxiliary a lead [E] for grounding to the self
• Connect
-diagnosis terminal.
enter the self-diagnosis dealer mode 1 ground [A] the
• To
self-diagnosis indicator terminal to the ground for more
than 2 seconds [C], and then keep it grounded continuously [D].
○Count the blinks of the LED light to read the service code.
Keep the auxiliary lead ground until you finish reading the
service code.
3-60 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Self-Diagnosis
enter the self-diagnosis dealer mode 2 repeat opening
• To
[B] and grounding [A] the lead more than five times [F]
within 2 seconds [C] after the lead is first grounded, and
then keep it grounded continuously [D] for more than 2
seconds.
○Count the blinks of the LED light to read the service code.
Keep the auxiliary lead ground until you finish reading the
service code.
NOTE
○If the self-diagnosis mode is in dealer mode 1 then you
need to enter the dealer mode 2, turn off the ignition
switch once.
Service Code Clearing Procedures
the self-diagnosis dealer mode 2 (see Self- diagno• Enter
sis Procedures).
○Make
NOTE
sure to keep the grounding until the following
opening and grounding starts.
the clutch lever in more than 5 seconds, and then
• Pull
release it.
opening [B] and grounding [A] the lead
• Repeat
(self-diagnosis terminal) more than five times [F] within 2
seconds [C] after the lead is grounded, and then keep it
grounded continuously [D] for more than 2 seconds.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-61
Self-Diagnosis
3-62 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Self-Diagnosis
How to Read Service Codes
○Service codes are shown by a series of long or short blinks of the FI indicator LED light as shown
below.
○Read 10th digit and unit digit as the FI indicator LED light blinks.
○When there are a number of problems, all the service codes can be stored and the display will
begin starting from the lowest number service code in the numerical order. Then after completing
all codes, the display is repeated until the self-diagnosis indicator terminal is open.
○If there is no problem, no code and unlight.
○For example, if two problems occurred in the order of 21, 12, the service codes are displayed from
the lowest number in the order listed.
(12 → 21) → (12 → 21) → · · · (repeated)
○If the problem is with the following parts, the ECU cannot memorize these problems, the FI indicator
LED light doesn’t go on, and no service codes can be displayed.
FI Indicator LED Light
Fuel Pump
Fuel Pump Relay
DFI Main Relay
ECU Power Source Wiring and Ground Wiring (see ECU Inspection in this chapter)
Fuel Injectors
How to Erase Service Codes
○Even if the ignition SW is turned OFF, the battery or the ECU are disconnected, or the problem is
solved, all service codes remain in the ECU.
○Refer to Service Code Clearing Procedure for the service code erasure.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-63
Self-Diagnosis
Service Code Table
Service
Code
11
12
13
14
15
FI Indicator LED Light
Problems (1)
Main throttle sensor malfunction, wiring open or short
Inlet air pressure sensor malfunction, wiring open or
short
Inlet air temperature sensor malfunction, wiring open
or short
Water temperature sensor malfunction, wiring open
or short
Atmospheric pressure sensor malfunction, wiring
open or short
21
Crankshaft sensor malfunction, wiring open or short
23
Camshaft position sensor malfunction, wiring open
or short
24
Speed sensor malfunction, wiring open or short
25
Speed sensor malfunction, wiring open or short
31
Vehicle-down sensor, malfunction, wiring open or
short
32
Subthrottle sensor malfunction, wiring open or short
51
52
53
54
62
Stick (Ignition) coil #1 malfunction, wiring open or
short
Stick (Ignition) coil #2 malfunction, wiring open or
short
Stick (Ignition) coil #3 malfunction, wiring open or
short
Stick (Ignition) coil #4 malfunction, wiring open or
short
Subthrottle valve actuator malfunction, wiring open
or short
Footnotes:
(1) The ECU may be involved in these problems. If all the parts and circuits checked out good, be
sure to check the ECU for ground and power supply. If the ground and power supply are checked
good, replace the ECU.
3-64 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Self-Diagnosis
Backups
○The ECU takes the following measures to prevent engine damage when the DFI or the ignition
system parts have troubles.
Service
Codes
11
Parts
Main
Throttle
Sensor
Output Signal Usable
Range or Criteria
Main Throttle Sensor
Output Voltage
0.2 ∼ 4.8 V
Backups by ECU
If the main throttle sensor system fails (the signal
is out of the usable range, wiring short or open),
the ECU locks ignition timing into the ignition
timing at closed throttle position and sets the DFI
in the D-J method.
Also, the main throttle sensor system and inlet air
pressure fails, the ECU locks ignition timing into
the ignition timing at closed throttle position and
sets the DFI in the α-N method.
12
Inlet Air
Pressure
Sensor
Inlet Air Pressure
(absolute)
Pv = 100 mmHg ∼ 900
mmHg
If the inlet air pressure sensor system fails (the
signal Pv is out of the usable range, wiring short
or open), the ECU sets the DFI in the α - N
method (1).
13
Inlet Air
Inlet Air Temperature
TemperaTa = – 47°C ∼ + 178°C
ture Sensor
If the inlet air temperature sensor fails (the signal
is out of the usable range, wiring short or open),
the ECU sets Ta at 40°C.
14
Water TemWater Temperature
perature
Tw = – 30C° ∼ + 120°C
Sensor
If the water temperature sensor system fails (the
signal is out of the usable range, wiring short or
op en), the ECU sets Tw at 80°C.
15
Atmospheric
Pressure
Sensor
Absolute Atmospheric
Pressure
Pa = 100 mmHg ∼ 900
mmHg
If the atmospheric pressure sensor system fails
(the signal is out of the usable range, wiring short
or open), the ECU sets Pa at 760 mmHg (the
standard atmospheric pressure).
21
Crankshaft sensor must
Crankshaft send 23 signals (output If crankshaft sensor generates less than 23 or
signal) to the ECU at the more signals, the engine stops by itself.
Sensor
one cranking.
23
Camshaft
Position
Sensor
Cam sensor must send
one signal (output signal)
to the ECU at the two
cranking
If the camshaft position sensor system fails
(the signal is missing, wiring short or open), the
ECU continues to ignite cylinders in the same
sequence following the last good signal.
24
Speed
Sensor
Speed sensor must send
4 signals (output signal)
If the speed sensor system fails (no signal, wiring
to the ECU at the one
short or open), the speedometer shows 0.
rotation of the engine
sprocket
25
Speed
Sensor
The gear position is
decided by the signal of
the speed sensor.
If the speed sensor system fails (no signal, wiring
short or open), the ECU set the top (6) gear
position.
31
Vehicle
-down
Sensor
Vehicle-down Sensor
Output Voltage (signal)
Vd = 0.4 V ∼ 4.4 V
If the vehicle-down sensor system has failures
(the output voltage Vd is more than usable range,
wiring open), the ECU shuts off the fuel pump,
the fuel injectors and the ignition system.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-65
Self-Diagnosis
Service
Codes
Parts
Output Signal Usable
Range or Criteria
Backups by ECU
32
Subthrottle Sensor
Subthrottle
Output Voltage
sensor
0.15 ∼ 4.85 V
If the subthrottle sensor system fails (the signal
is out of the usable range, wiring short or open),
the actuator locks sub throttle valve at full open
position.
51
The ignition coil primary
Stick Coil
winding must send
#1 (Ignition
signals (output voltage)
Coil)*
continuously to the ECU.
If the ignition primary winding #1 has failures (no
signal, wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off
the injector #1 to stop fuel to the cylinder #1,
though the engine keeps running.
52
The ignition coil primary
Stick Coil
winding must send
#2 (Ignition
signals (output voltage)
Coil)*
continuously to the ECU.
If the ignition primary winding #2 has failures (no
signal, wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off
the injector #2 to stop fuel to the cylinder #2,
though the engine keeps running.
53
The ignition coil primary
Stick Coil
winding must send
#3 (Ignition
signals (output voltage)
Coil)*
continuously to the ECU.
If the ignition primary winding #3 has failures (no
signal, wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off
the injector #3 to stop fuel to the cylinder #3,
though the engine keeps running.
54
The ignition coil primary
Stick Coil
winding must send
#4 (Ignition
signals (output voltage)
Coil) *
continuously to the ECU.
If the ignition primary winding #4 has failures (no
signal, wiring short or open), the ECU shuts off
the injector #4 to stop fuel to the cylinder #4,
though the engine keeps running.
62
The actuator operates
Subthrottle open and close of the
subthrottle valve by the
Valve
Actuator pulse signal from the
ECU.
If the sub throttle actuator fails (the signal is out
to the usable range, wiring short or open), the
ECU stops the current to the actuator.
Note:
(1) α – N Method: the DFI control method from medium to heavy engine load. When the engine load
is light like at idling or low speed, the ECU determines the injection quantity by calculating from the
throttle vacuum (vacuum sensor output voltage) and engine speed (crankshaft sensor output voltage).
This method is called D-J method. As the engine speed increases, and the engine load turns middle
to heavy, the ECU determines the injection quantity by calculating from the throttle opening (throttle
sensor output voltage) and the engine speed. This method is called α – N method.
* This depends on the number of stopped cylinders.
3-66 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Main Throttle Sensor (Service Code 11)
The main throttle sensor is a rotating variable resistor that
change output voltage according to throttle operating. The
ECU senses this voltage change and determines fuel injection quantity, and ignition timing according to engine rpm,
and throttle opening.
Input Terminal [A]
Output Terminal [B]
Ground Terminal [C]
Main Throttle Sensor Removal/Adjustment
CAUTION
Do not remove or adjust the main throttle sensor [A]
since it has been adjusted and set with precision at
the factory.
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the sensor can damage it.
Main Throttle Sensor Connector [B]
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
the ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• Remove
the ECU connectors.
a digital voltmeter [A] to the connector [B], using
• Connect
the needle adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Main Throttle Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to ECU Connector
Meter (+)→ BL lead (terminal 1)
Meter (–)→ BR/BK lead (terminal 4)
the input voltage with the engine stopped, and
• Measure
with the connectors joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
Input Voltage at ECU Connector
Standard: 4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
If the reading of input voltage is less than the standard,
•
check the ECU for its ground, power supply and wiring
shorted.
If the input voltage is within the standard range, check the
input voltage at the main throttle sensor connector.
Remove the throttle body assembly temporarily (see
Throttle Body Assy Removal).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-67
Main Throttle Sensor (Service Code 11)
the main throttle sensor connector [A] and
• Disconnect
connect the harness adapter [B] between the harness
•
connector and main throttle sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
Special Tool - Throttle Sensor Harness Adapter : 57001
-1538
Main Throttle Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+)→ BL lead
Meter (–)→ BR/BK lead
the throttle body assembly.
• Install
the sensor input voltage with
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
the engine
Input Voltage at Sensor
Standard: 4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
If the reading is out of the range, check the wiring (see
wiring diagram in this section).
If the reading is good, check the output voltage of the
sensor.
3-68 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Main Throttle Sensor (Service Code 11)
Output Voltage Inspection
the output voltage at the ECU in the same way
• Measure
as input voltage inspection. Note the following.
Digital Voltmeter [A]
Connector [B]
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Main Throttle Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → Y/W lead (terminal 2)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the engine and warm it up thoroughly.
• Start
• Check idle speed to ensure throttle opening is correct.
Idle Speed
Standard:
•
•
•
•
1 300 r/min (rpm)
If the idle speed is out of the specified range, adjust the
idle speed (see Idle Speed Inspection in Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Measure the output voltage with the engine stopped, and
with the connector joined.
Turn the ignition switch ON.
Measure the output voltage when the throttle is fully
opened or completely closed.
Output Voltage at ECU
Standard:
1.02 ∼ 4.62 V DC (at idle throttle
opening to full throttle opening)
NOTE
○The throttle sensor is operating correctly if the following
voltages are obtained:
• 1.02 VDC (or slightly higher) with the throttle at the idle
position.
• 4.62 VDC (or slightly lower) with the throttle at the fully
open position.
CAUTION
Do not remove or adjust the main throttle sensor.
It has been adjusted and set with precision at the
factory.
Never drop the sensor can especially on a hard surface. A shock to the sensor can damage it.
If the output voltage is within the standard range, check
the ECU for a good ground, and power supply (see this
chapter). If the ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
If the output voltage is far out of the standard range (e.g.
when the wiring is open, the reading is 0 V), check the
output voltage again at the sensor connector.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-69
Main Throttle Sensor (Service Code 11)
the main throttle sensor connector [A] and
• Disconnect
connect the harness adapter [B] between the harness
•
connector and main throttle sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
Special Tool - Throttle Sensor
57001–1538
Harness
Adapter
:
Throttle Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → Y/W lead
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead
the sensor output voltage with the engine
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
the ignition switch ON.
• Turn
Measure
output voltage when the throttle is fully
• opened orthe
completely closed.
Output Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
1.02 ∼ 4.62 V DC (at idle throttle
opening to full throttle opening)
NOTE
○The throttle sensor is operating correctly if the following
voltages are obtained:
• 1.02 VDC (or slightly higher) with the throttle at the idle
position.
• 4.62 VDC (or slightly lower) with the throttle at the fully
open position.
CAUTION
Do not remove or adjust the main throttle sensor.
It has been adjusted and set with precision at the
factory.
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
A shock to the sensor can damage it.
NOTE
○The standard voltage marked with an asterisk refers to
the value when the voltage reading at the Input Voltage
Inspection shows 5V exactly.
○When the input voltage reading shows other than 5V,
derive a voltage range as follows.
Example:
In the case of a input voltage of 4.75 V.
1.02 × 4.75 ÷ 5.00 = 0.97 V
4.62 × 4.75 ÷ 5.00 = 4.39 V
Thus, the valid range is 0.97 ∼ 4.39 V
throttle sensor voltage inspection, remove the har• After
ness adapter.
If the reading is out of the standard range, inspect the
throttle sensor resistance.
If the output voltage is normal, check the wiring for continuity (see next diagram).
3-70 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Main Throttle Sensor (Service Code 11)
Resistance Inspection
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Disconnect
the main throttle sensor connector.
• Connect a digital
• connector [B]. meter [A] to the main throttle sensor
• Measure the main throttle sensor resistance.
Main Throttle Sensor Resistance
Connections:
BL lead [C] ←→ BR/BK lead [D]
Standard:
4 ∼ 6 kΩ
If the reading is out of the range, replace the throttle body
assy.
If the reading is within the range, but the problem still
exists, replace the ECU (see this chapter).
1. ECU
2. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
3. Subthrottle Sensor
4. Main Throttle Sensor
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-71
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor (Service Code 12)
CAUTION
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the part can damage it.
Removal
the ignition switch off.
• Turn
Remove:
• Air Cleaner Housing (see Air Cleaner Housing Removal)
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Connector [A]
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Screw [B]
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor [C]
Vacuum Hose [D]
Installation
NOTE
○The inlet air pressure sensor is the same part as the atmospheric sensor except that the sensor has a vacuum
hose and different wiring.
• Install:
Vacuum Hose [A]
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor [B]
Torque - Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Screw: 4.9 N·m (0.50
kgf·m, 43 in·lb)
[C] Vacuum Hoses
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
○The inspection is the same as “Input Voltage Inspection”
of the throttle sensor and the atmospheric pressure sensor.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• the ECU the
connectors.
Connect
a
voltmeter [A] to the connector [B], with
• the needle digital
adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+)→ BL lead (terminal 1)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the input voltage with the engine stopped, and
• Measure
with the connectors joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
Input Voltage at ECU
Standard:
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
If the reading is less than the standard range, check the
ECU for its ground, and power supply (see this chapter). If
the ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
3-72 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor (Service Code 12)
•
•
If the reading is within the standard range, and check the
input voltage again at the sensor connector.
Remove the air cleaner housing (see Air Cleaner Housing
Removal).
Disconnect the inlet air pressure sensor connector and
connect the harness adapter [A] between the sub harness
connector and inlet air pressure sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
[B] Inlet Air Pressure Sensor
Special Tool - Sensor Harness Adapter: 57001–1561
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → BL lead [C]
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead [D]
the input voltage with the engine stopped.
• Measure
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
Input Voltage at Sensor Connector
Standard:
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
•
If the reading is out of the standard range, check the
wiring (see wiring diagram in this section).
If the reading is good, the input voltage is normal. Check
the output voltage.
Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Output Voltage Inspection
the output voltage at the ECU in the same way
• Measure
as input voltage inspection. Note the following.
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → Y/BL lead (terminal 17)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
Output Voltage at ECU
Usable Range:
3.80 ∼ 4.20 V DC at the standard
atmospheric pressure (101.32 kPa,
76 cmHg abs.)
NOTE
○The output voltage changes according to the local atmospheric pressure.
○The vacuum sensor output voltage is based on a nearly
perfect vacuum in the small chamber of the sensor. So,
the sensor indicates absolute vacuum pressure.
If the output voltage is within the usable range, check the
ECU for its ground, and power supply (see this chapter). If
the ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-73
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor (Service Code 12)
•
If the output voltage is far out of the usable range, check
the output voltage again at the sensor connector [A]
(when the lead is open, the output voltage is about 1.8
V).
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
[B] Inlet Air Pressure Sensor
Special Tool - Sensor Harness Adapter: 57001–1561
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → Y/BL lead [C]
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead [D]
Output Voltage at Sensor Connector
Usable Range:
3.80 ∼ 4.20 V DC at the standard
atmospheric pressure (101.32 kPa or
76 cmHg absolute)
•
•
If the output voltage is normal, check the wiring for continuity (see next diagram).
If the output voltage is out of the usable range, replace
the sensor.
Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Remove the throttle sensor harness adapter.
1. ECU
If you need to check the inlet air pressure sensor for vacuum other than 76 cmHg (abs), check the output voltage
as follows:
2. Inlet Air Pressure Sensor
3-74 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor (Service Code 12)
the inlet air pressure sensor [A] and disconnect
• Remove
the vacuum hose from the sensor.
○Do not disconnect the sensor connector.
an auxiliary hose [B] to the inlet air pressure sen• Connect
sor.
install the inlet air pressure sensor.
•○Temporarily
Connect a commercially available digital meter [C], vacuum gauge [D], and the fork oil level gauge [E] to the inlet
air pressure sensor.
Special Tools - Fork Oil Level Gauge: 57001-1290
Sensor Harness Adapter: 57001-1561
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Output Voltage Connection to
Sensor
Meter (+) → Y/BL lead
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead
○Turn the ignition switch ON.
○Measure the inlet air pressure sensor output voltage from
various vacuum readings, while pulling the handle of the
fork oil level gauge.
○Check the inlet air pressure sensor output voltage, using
the following formula and chart.
Suppose:
Pg : Vacuum Pressure (gauge) of Throttle Assy
Pl : Local Atmospheric Pressure (absolute) measured by
a barometer
Pv : Vacuum Pressure (absolute) of Throttle Assy
Vv : Sensor Output Voltage (v)
then
Pv = Pl – Pg
For example, suppose the following data is obtained:
Pg = 8 cmHg (vacuum gauge reading)
Pl = 70 cmHg (barometer reading)
Vv = 3.2 V (digital volt meter reading)
then
Pv = 70 – 8 = 62 cmHg (abs)
Plot this Pv (62 cmHg) at a point [1] on the chart and draw a
vertical line through the point. Then, you can get the usable
range [2] of the sensor output voltage.
Usable range = 3.08 ∼ 3.48 V
Plot Vv (3.2 V) on the vertical line. → Point [3].
Results: In the chart, Vv is within the usable range and
the sensor is normal.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-75
Inlet Air Pressure Sensor (Service Code 12)
Vv: Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Output Voltage (V)
(Digital Meter Reading)
Pv: Throttle Vacuum Pressure (absolute)
Ps: Standard Atmospheric Pressure (absolute)
ID: Idling
TO: Throttle Full Open
ST: Standard of Sensor Output Voltage (v)
UR: Usable Range of Sensor Output Voltage (v)
3-76 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor (Service Code 13)
Removal/Installation
CAUTION
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the sensor can damage it.
the fuel tank (see Fuel Tank Removal).
• Remove
Disconnect
• ture sensor.the connector [A] from the inlet air tempera• Pull out the inlet air temperature sensor [B].
the inlet air temperature sensor [A] in the grommet
• Install
[B].
Output Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• Remove
the ECU connectors.
a digital voltmeter to the ECU connector, using
• Connect
needle adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU Connector
Meter (+) → P lead (terminal 18)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the sensor output voltage
• Measure
stopped and the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
with the engine
Output Voltage at ECU
about 2.25 ∼ 2.50 V at inlet air
Standard:
temperature 20°C (68°F)
NOTE
○The output voltage changes according to the inlet air
temperature.
• Turn the ignition switch OFF.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-77
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor (Service Code 13)
•
If the output voltage is out of the specified, check the ECU
for its ground, and power supply (see ECU section in this
chapter). If the ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
If the output voltage is far out of the specified (e.g. when
the wiring is open, the voltage is about 4.6 V), remove the
fuel tank cover, and check the wiring (see next diagram).
Remove the needle adapter set, and apply silicone
sealant to the seals of the connector for waterproofing.
Silicone Sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019-120)
- Seals of ECU Connectors
If the wiring is good, check the sensor resistance.
Sensor Resistance Inspection
the inlet air temperature sensor (see this sec• Remove
tion).
the sensor [A] in a container of machine oil so
• Suspend
that the heat-sensitive portion is submerged.
a thermometer [B] with the heat-sensitive por• Suspend
tion [C] located in almost the same depth with the sensor.
NOTE
○The sensor and thermometer must not touch the container side or bottom.
the container over a source of heat and gradually
• Place
raise the temperature of the oil while stirring the oil gently
•
for even temperature.
Using a digital meter, measure the internal resistance
of the sensor across the terminals at the temperatures
shown in the table.
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor Resistance
Standard:
1.6 ∼ 3.7 kΩ at 20°C (68°F)
0.24 ∼ 0.43 kΩ at 80°C (176°F)
If the measurement is out of the range, replace the sensor.
If the measurement is within the specified, replace the
ECU.
3-78 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Inlet Air Temperature Sensor (Service Code 13)
1. ECU
2. Inlet Air Temperature Sensor
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-79
Water Temperature Sensor (Service Code 14)
Removal/Installation
CAUTION
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the sensor can damage it.
the sensor connector [A], and unscrew the
• Disconnect
water temperature sensor [B].
Silicone Sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019-120)
- Threads of Water Temperature Sensor
Torque - Water Temperature Sensor: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18
ft·lb)
the engine with coolant and bleed the air from the
• Fill
cooling system (see Coolant Filling in the Cooling System
chapter).
Output Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• Remove
the connectors.
a digital voltmeter [A] to the ECU connector [B],
• Connect
with the needle adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Water Temperature Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → O lead (terminal 5)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the sensor output voltage
• Measure
stopped and the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
with the engine
Output Voltage at ECU
Standard:
about 2.80 ∼ 2.97 V at 20°C (68°F)
NOTE
○The output voltage changes according to the coolant
temperature in the engine.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
If the output voltage is out of the specified, check the ECU
•
for its ground, and power supply (see this chapter). If the
ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
If the output voltage is far out of the specified (e.g. when
the wiring is open, the voltage is about 5V), check the
wiring (see next diagram).
If the wiring is good, check the water temperature sensor
resistance.
Remove the needle adapter set, and apply silicone
sealant to the seals of the connector for waterproofing.
Silicone Sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019-120)
- Seals of ECU Connectors
3-80 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Water Temperature Sensor (Service Code 14)
1. ECU
2. Meter
Sensor Resistance Inspection
3. Water Temperature Sensor
the water temperature sensor (see this section).
• Remove
Refer
to
Electrical
• sensor inspection. System chapter for water temperature
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-81
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (Service Code 15)
CAUTION
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the sensor can damage it.
Removal
the ignition switch off.
• Turn
Remove:
• Air Cleaner Housing (see Air Cleaner Housing Removal)
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Connector [A]
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Screw [B]
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor [C]
Installation
NOTE
○The atmospheric pressure sensor is the same part as
the inlet air pressure sensor except that the inlet air
pressure sensor has a inlet air pressure hose and different wiring.
is reverse of removal.
• Installation
Tighten
the
sensor bolts.
•
Torque - Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Screw: 4.9 N·m
(0.50 kgf·m, 43 in·lb)
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
○The inspection is the same as “Input Voltage Inspection”
of the throttle sensor and the inlet air pressure sensor.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• the ECU the
connectors.
a digital voltmeter [A] to the connector [B], with
• Connect
the needle adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → BL lead (terminal 1)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the input voltage with the engine stopped, and
• Measure
with the connectors joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
Input Voltage at ECU
Standard:
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
If the reading of input voltage is less than the standard
range, check the ECU for its ground, and power supply
(see this chapter). If the ground and power supply are
good, replace the ECU.
3-82 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (Service Code 15)
•
•
If the reading is within the standard range, remove the
seat cover, and check the input voltage again at the sensor connector.
Remove the air cleaner housing (see Air Cleaner Housing
Removal).
Disconnect the atmospheric pressure sensor connector
and connect the harness adapter [A] between the main
harness connector and pressure sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
[B] Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
Special Tool - Sensor Harness Adapter: 57001–1561
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → BL lead [C]
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead [D]
the input voltage with the engine stopped, and
• Measure
with the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
Input Voltage at Sensor Connector
Standard:
4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
•
If the reading is out of the standard range, check the
wiring (see wiring diagram in this section).
If the reading is good, the input voltage is normal. Check
the output voltage.
Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Output Voltage Inspection
the output voltage at the ECU in the same way
• Measure
as input voltage inspection. Note the following.
Digital Meter [A]
ECU Connector [B]
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → G/W lead (terminal 4)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
Output Voltage
Usable Range:
3.80 ∼ 4.20 V DC at the standard
atmospheric pressure (101.32 kPa,
76 cmHg abs.)
NOTE
○The output voltage changes according to the local atmospheric pressure.
○The atmospheric sensor output voltage is based on
a nearly perfect vacuum in the small chamber of the
sensor. So, the sensor indicates absolute atmospheric
pressure.
If the output voltage is within the usable range, check the
ECU for its ground, and power supply (see this chapter). If
the ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-83
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (Service Code 15)
•
If the output voltage is far out of the usable range, remove
the fuel tank, and check the output voltage at the sensor
connector [A] (when the wiring is open, the output voltage
is about 1.8 V).
Connect a digital meter [A] to the harness adapter leads.
[B] Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
Special Tool - Sensor Harness Adapter: 57001–1561
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → G/W lead [C]
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead [D]
Output Voltage at Sensor
Usable Range:
3.80 ∼ 4.20 V DC at the standard
atmospheric pressure (101.32 kPa,
76 cmHg abs)
If the output voltage is normal, check the wiring for continuity (see next diagram).
If the output voltage is out of the usable range, replace
the sensor.
1. ECU
2. Atmospheric Pressure Sensor
If you need to check the atmospheric pressure sensor for
various altitudes other than sea level, check the output
voltage as follows:
○Determine the local altitude (elevation).
3-84 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Atmospheric Pressure Sensor (Service Code 15)
If you know the local atmospheric pressure using a
barometer, substitute the atmospheric pressure for throttle vacuum pressure in the inlet air pressure sensor chart
(see intake Air Pressure Sensor section in this chapter).
And get the usable range of the atmospheric pressure
sensor output voltage and check if output voltage is
within the standard or not in the same way as Output
Voltage Inspection of the inlet air pressure sensor.
If you know the local altitude, use the following chart.
Atmospheric Pressure/Altitude Relationship
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-85
Crankshaft Sensor (Service Code 21)
Start the engine and switch the diagnosis mode to Dealer
1 mode to know all the problem that the DFI system has at
the time of self-diagnosis. If the engine cannot be started,
the self-diagnosis system does not detect dynamic condition of the crankshaft sensor. In this case turn off the ignition switch and turn it on again to enter the Dealer 2 mode.
In this mode the system tells all the troubles which the DFI
system had in both static and dynamic conditions.
Crankshaft Sensor Removal/Installation
the Ignition System section in the Electrical System
• See
chapter.
Crankshaft Sensor Inspection
○The crankshaft have no power source, and when the en-
•
•
gine stops, the crankshaft generates no signals.
Crank the engine and measure the peak voltage of the
crankshaft sensor (see Electrical System chapter) in order to check the sensor.
Check the wiring for continuity, using the following diagram.
1. ECU
2. Crankshaft Sensor
3-86 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Camshaft Position Sensor (Service Code 23)
Start the engine and switch the diagnosis mode to Dealer
1 mode to know all the problem that the DFI system has at
the time of self-diagnosis. If the engine cannot be started,
the self-diagnosis system does not detect dynamic condition of the camshaft position sensor. In this case turn off
the ignition switch and turn it on again to enter the Dealer 2
mode. In this mode the system tells all the troubles which
the DFI system had in both static and dynamic conditions.
Camshaft Position Sensor Removal/Installation
The camshaft position sensor detects the position of the
camshaft, and distinguishes the cylinder.
See the Ignition system section in the Electric System
chapter.
•
Camshaft Position Sensor Inspection
○The camshaft position sensor have no power source, and
•
•
when the engine stops, the camshaft position sensor generates no signal.
Crank the engine and measure the peak voltage of the
camshaft position sensor (see Electrical System chapter)
in order to check the sensor.
Check the wiring for continuity, using the following diagram.
1. ECU
2. Camshaft Position Sensor
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-87
Speed Sensor (Service Code 24, 25)
Speed Sensor Removal/Installation
the Switches and Sensors section in teh Electrical
• See
System chapter.
Speed Sensor Inspection
the Switches and Sensors section in teh Electrical
• See
System chapter.
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
fuel tank (see Fuel Tank Removal).
• Disconnectthethe
speed sensor connector [A] and connect
• the harness adapter
[B] between the harness connector
•
and speed sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
Special Tool - Throttle Sensor Setting Adapter:
57001-1400
Speed Sensor Input Voltage
Connector to Sensor
Meter (+) → P lead [C]
Meter (−) → BK lead [D]
the sensor input voltage with
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
the engine
Input Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
About 9 ∼ 11 V DC at Ignition SW ON
•
If the reading is out of the range, check the wiring (see
wiring diagram in this section), and meter (see Electrical
System chapter).
If the reading is good, check the output voltage.
Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Output Voltage Inspection
this inspection, inspect the input voltage (see Input
• Before
Voltage Inspection).
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
• Turn the ignition switch OFF.
3-88 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Speed Sensor (Service Code 24, 25)
the speed sensor connector [A] and connect
• Disconnect
the harness adapter [B] between the harness connector
•
and speed sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
Special Tool - Throttle Sensor Setting Adapter:
-1400
57001
Throttle Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → Y lead [C]
Meter (–) → BK lead [D]
the sensor output voltage with
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
the engine
Output Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
About 0.05 ∼ 0.07 V DC
NOTE
○If you can rotate the engine sprocket, the output voltage
will be raise.
If the reading is out of the range, check the speed sensor
(see Electrical System chapter) and the wiring to ECU
(see wiring diagram in this section).
If the reading, speed sensor and wiring are good, replace
the ECU.
1. ECU
2. Meter Assembly
3. Speed Sensor
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-89
Vehicle-down Sensor (Service Code 31)
This sensor has a weight [A] with two magnets inside, and
sends a signal to the ECU. But when the motorcycle banks
60 ∼ 70° or more to either side (in fact falls down), the weight
turns and shuts off the signal. The ECU senses this change,
and stops the fuel pump, the fuel injectors, and the ignition
system.
Hall IC [B]
When the motorcycle is down, the ignition switch is left
ON. If the starter button is pushed, the electric starter turns
but the engine doesn’t start. To start the engine again, raise
the motorcycle, turn the ignition switch OFF, and then ON.
When the ignition switch is turned ON, current flows through
the latch-up circuit and the transistor in the circuit is turned
ON to unlock the latch-up circuit.
Vehicle-down Sensor [A]
Ground Terminal BK/Y [B]
Output Terminal Y/G [C]
Power Source Terminal W/Y [D]
Removal
CAUTION
Never drop the down-sensor, especially on a hard
surface. Such a shock to the sensor can damage it.
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel Tank Removal)
Connector [A]
Bolts [B]
Vehicle-down Sensor [C] and Washers
Installation
• The UP mark [A] of the sensor should face upward.
WARNING
Incorrect installation of the vehicle-down sensor
could cause sudden loss of engine power. The
rider could lose balance during certain riding situations, like leaning over in a turn, with the potential
for an accident resulting in injury or death. Ensure
that the down sensor is held in place by the sensor
brackets.
Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel Tank Removal)
3-90 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Vehicle-down Sensor (Service Code 31)
a digital volt meter [A] to the connector of the
• Connect
vehicle-down sensor [B], with the needle adapter set [C].
Vehicle-down Sensor Power Source Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → W/Y lead [D]
Meter (–) → BK/Y lead [E]
the ignition switch ON, and measure the power
• Turn
source voltage with the connector joined.
Power Source Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
Battery Voltage (12.5 V or more)
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
If there is no battery voltage, check the following:
Battery (see Electrical System chapter)
ECU Main Fuse 15 A
Wiring for Vehicle-down Sensor Power Source (see next
diagram)
If the power source is normal, check the output voltage.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
sensor.
• Connect athedigital
volt meter [A] to the connector, with nee• dle adapter set [B].
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Vehicle-down Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → Y/G lead [D]
Meter (–) → BK/Y lead [E]
the sensor vertically.
• Hold
Turn
the
switch ON, and measure the output volt• age with ignition
the connector joined.
○Tilt the sensor 60 ∼ 70° or more [C] right or left, then hold
the sensor almost vertical with the arrow mark pointed up,
and measure the output voltage.
Output Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
with sensor tilted 60 ∼ 70° or more
right or left: 3.7 ∼ 4.4 V
with sensor arrow mark pointed up:
0.4 ∼ 1.4 V
NOTE
○If you need to test again, turn the ignition switch OFF,
and then ON.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-91
Vehicle-down Sensor (Service Code 31)
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
needle adapter set, and apply silicone
• sealant tothe
the seals of the connector for waterproofing.
Silicone Sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019-120)
- Seals of Vehicle-down Sensor Connector
If the output voltage is normal, the wiring is suspect.
Check the wiring.
If the wiring is good, check the ECU for its ground and
power supply (see this chapter). If the ground and power
supply are good, replace the ECU.
If the output voltage is out of the specified, replace the
vehicle-down sensor.
1. ECU
2. Ignition Switch
3. ECU Main Relay
4. ECU Main Fuse 15 A
5. Vehicle-down Sensor
6. Main Fuse 30 A
7. Starter Relay
8. Battery
3-92 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Subthrottle Sensor (Service Code 32)
The subthrottle sensor is a rotating variable resistor that
change output voltage according to throttle operating. The
ECU senses this voltage change and determines fuel injection quantity, and ignition timing according to engine rpm,
and throttle opening.
Input Terminal [A]
Output Terminal [B]
Ground Terminal [C]
Subthrottle Sensor Removal/Adjustment
CAUTION
Do not remove or adjust the subthrottle sensor [A]
since it has been adjusted and set with precision at
the factory.
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
Such a shock to the sensor can damage it.
Subthrottle Sensor Connector [B]
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
○The inspection is the same as “Input Voltage Inspection”
of the vacuum sensor and the atmospheric pressure
sensor.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• the ECU the
connectors.
a digital voltmeter [A] to the connector [B], using
• Connect
the needle adapter set.
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Subthrottle Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to ECU Connector
Meter (+)→ BL lead (terminal 1)
Meter (–)→ BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the input voltage with the engine stopped, and
• Measure
with the connectors joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
Input Voltage at ECU Connector
Standard: 4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
If the reading of input voltage is less than the standard,
•
check the ECU for its ground, power supply and wiring
shorted.
If the input voltage is within the standard range, check the
input voltage at the subthrottle sensor connector.
Remove the throttle body assembly temporarily (see
Throttle Body Assy Removal).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-93
Subthrottle Sensor (Service Code 32)
the subthrottle sensor connector [A] and con• Disconnect
nect the harness adapter [B] between the harness con-
•
nector and sub throttle sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
Special Tool - Throttle Sensor Setting Adapter : 57001
-1538
Subthrottle Sensor Input Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+)→ BL lead
Meter (–)→ BR/BK lead
the throttle body assembly.
• Install
the sensor input voltage with
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
the engine
Input Voltage at Sensor
Standard: 4.75 ∼ 5.25 V DC
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
If the reading is out of the range, check the wiring (see
wiring diagram in this section).
If the reading is good, check the output voltage of the
sensor.
Output Voltage Inspection
the output voltage at the ECU in the same way
• Measure
as input voltage inspection. Note the following.
Digital Voltmeter [A]
Connector [B]
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001–1457
Subthrottle Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to ECU
Meter (+) → BR lead (terminal 3)
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead (terminal 14)
the ignition switch ON.
• Turn
the output voltage when the subthrottle valve is
• Measure
fully opened or completely closed by hand.
Output Voltage at ECU
1.08 ∼ 4.60 V DC (at subthrottle
Standard:
valve full opening to closing)
NOTE
○The throttle sensor is operating correctly if the following
voltages are obtained:
• 1.08 VDC (or slightly higher) with the subthrottle valve
at the closed position.
• 4.60 VDC (or slightly lower) with the subthrottle valve
at the fully open position.
CAUTION
Do not remove or adjust the subthrottle sensor. It
has been adjusted and set with precision at the factory.
Never drop the sensor can especially on a hard surface. A shock to the sensor can damage it.
3-94 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Subthrottle Sensor (Service Code 32)
If the output voltage is within the standard range, check
the ECU for a good ground, and power supply (see this
chapter). If the ground and power supply are good, replace the ECU.
If the output voltage is far out of the standard range (e.g.
when the wiring is open, the reading is 0 V), check the
output voltage again at the sensor connector.
the subthrottle sensor connector [A] and con• Disconnect
nect the harness adapter [B] between the harness con-
•
nector and sub throttle sensor connector.
Connect a digital meter to the harness adapter leads.
Special Tool - Throttle Sensor
57001–1538
Harness
Adapter
:
Subthrottle Sensor Output Voltage
Connections to Sensor
Meter (+) → BR lead
Meter (–) → BR/BK lead
the sensor output voltage with the engine
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
the ignition switch ON.
• Turn
Measure
the output voltage when the subthrottle valve is
• fully opened
or completely closed by hand.
Output Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
1.08 ∼ 4.60 V DC (at subthrottle valve
full opening to closing)
NOTE
○The throttle sensor is operating correctly if the following
voltages are obtained:
• 1.08 VDC (or slightly higher) with the subthrottle valve
at the closed position.
• 4.60 VDC (or slightly lower) with the subthrottle valve
at the fully open position.
CAUTION
Do not remove or adjust the subthrottle sensor. It
has been adjusted and set with precision at the factory.
Never drop the sensor, especially on a hard surface.
A shock to the sensor can damage it.
NOTE
○The standard voltage marked with an asterisk refers to
the value when the voltage reading at the Input Voltage
Inspection shows 5V exactly.
○When the input voltage reading shows other than 5V,
derive a voltage range as follows.
Example:
In the case of a input voltage of 4.75 V.
1.08 × 4.75 ÷ 5.00 = 1.03 V
4.60 × 4.75 ÷ 5.00 = 4.37 V
Thus, the valid range is 1.03 ∼ 4.37 V
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-95
Subthrottle Sensor (Service Code 32)
subthrottle sensor voltage inspection, remove the
• After
harness adapter.
If the reading is out of the standard range, inspect the
throttle sensor resistance.
If the output voltage is normal, check the wiring for continuity (see next diagram).
Resistance Inspection
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Disconnect
the subthrottle sensor connector.
• Connect a digital
meter [A] to the subthrottle sensor con• nector [B].
• Measure the main throttle sensor resistance.
Throttle Sensor Resistance
Connections:
BL lead [C] ←→ BR/BK lead [D]
Standard:
4 ∼ 6 kΩ
If the reading is out of the range, replace the throttle body
assy.
If the reading is within the range, but the problem still
exists, replace the ECU (see this chapter).
1. ECU
2. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
3. Subthrottle Sensor
4. Main Throttle Sensor
3-96 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Stick Coils (#1, #2, #3, #4: Service Code 51, 52, 53, 54)
Stick
Stick
Stick
Stick
Coil #1:
Coil #2:
Coil #3:
Coil #4:
Ignition
Ignition
Ignition
Ignition
Coil (Service
Coil (Service
Coil (Service
Coil (Service
Code 51)
Code 52)
Code 53)
Code 54)
Removal/Installation
CAUTION
Never drop the ignition coils, especially on a hard
surface. Such a shock to the ignition coil can damage it.
Ignition System section in the Electrical System
• See
chapter.
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Remove
ECU (see this chapter). Do not disconnect
• the ECU the
connector.
a digital voltmeter [A] as shown, with the needle
• Connect
adapter set [B].
○Measure the input voltage to each primary winding of the
•
ignition coils with the engine stopped, and with the connectors joined.
Turn the ignition switch ON.
Stick Coil Input Voltage at ECU
Connections for Stick Coil #1
Meter (+) → BK lead (terminal 39)
Meter (–) → BK/Y lead (terminal 51)
Connections for Stick Coil #2
Meter (+) → BK/G lead (terminal 38)
Meter (–) → BK/Y lead (terminal 51)
Connections for Stick Coil #3
Meter (+) → BK/W lead (terminal 37)
Meter (–) → BK/Y lead (terminal 51)
Connections for Stick Coil #4
Meter (+) → BK/O lead (terminal 52)
Meter (–) → BK/Y lead (terminal 51)
Input Voltage at ECU
Standard:
Battery Voltage (12.5 V or more)
If the reading is out of the standard, check the wiring (see
next wiring diagram).
If the reading is good, the input voltage is normal. Crank
the engine, and check the peak voltage of the stick coils
(see Electrical System chapter) in order to check the primary coils.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-97
Stick Coils (#1, #2, #3, #4: Service Code 51, 52, 53, 54)
1. ECU
2. Stick Coil #1
3. Stick Coil #2
4. Stick Coil #3
5. Stick Coil #4
6. Ignition Switch
7. Engine Stop Switch
8. Junction Box
9. Ignition Fuse 10 A
10. Main Fuse 30 A
11. Starter Relay
12. Battery
3-98 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Subthrottle Valve Actuator (Service Code 62)
Subthrottle Valve Actuator Removal
CAUTION
Do not remove the subthrottle valve actuator [A]
since it has been adjusted and set with precision
at the factory.
Never drop the actuator , especially on a hard surface. Such a shock to the actuator can damage it.
Subthrottle Valve Actuator Inspection
the air cleaner housing (see Air Cleaner Housing
• Remove
Removal).
the ignition switch ON.
• Turn
to see that all subthrottle valves [A] open and close
• Check
smoothly.
If the subthrottle valves do not operate, check the actuator
internal resistance (see Resistance Inspection).
Resistance Inspection
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
Disconnect
the subthrottle valve actuator connector [A].
•
a digital meter to the subthrottle valve actuator
• Connect
connector [A].
• Measure the subthrottle valve actuator resistance.
Subthrottle Valve Actuator Resistance
BK lead [1] ←→ P lead [2]
Connections:
G lead [3] ←→ W/BL lead [4]
Standard:
About 5 ∼ 7 Ω
If the reading is out of the range, replace the throttle body
assy.
If the reading is within the range, check the input voltage
(see Input Voltage Inspection).
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-99
Subthrottle Valve Actuator (Service Code 62)
Input Voltage Inspection
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the ignition switch OFF.
• Turn
the peak voltage adaper [A] and a digital meter
• Connect
[B] to the connector [C], using the needle adapter set [D].
Recommended Tool - Peak Voltage Adapter
Type: KEK-54–9–B
Brand: KOWA SEIKI
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001-1457
Subthrottle Valve Actuator Input Voltage
Connections to Harness Connector
(I)
Meter (+) → BK/BL lead [1]
Meter (–) → P/BL lead [2]
(II)
Meter (+) → G lead [3]
Meter (–) → W/BL lead [4]
the actuator input voltage with
• Measure
stopped, and with the connector joined.
• Turn the ignition switch ON.
the engine
Input Voltage at Sensor
Standard:
about 8.5 ∼ 10.5 V DC
If the reading is out of the range, check the wiring to ECU
(see wiring diagram in this section).
If the wiring is good, replace the ECU.
1. ECU
2. Subthrottle Valve Actuator
3. Subthrottle Sensor
4. Main Throttle Sensor
3-100 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Throttle Grip and Cables
Free Play Inspection
to the Throttle Control System Inspection in the Pe• Refer
riodic Maintenance chapter.
Free Play Adjustment
to the Throttle Control System Inspection in the Pe• Refer
riodic Maintenance chapter.
Cable Installation
the throttle cables in accordance with the Cable
• Install
Routing section in the Appendix chapter.
the lower ends of the throttle cables in the cable
• Install
bracket on the throttle assy after installing the upper ends
•
of the throttle cables in the grip.
After installation, adjust each cable properly.
WARNING
Operation with incorrectly routed or improperly adjusted cables could result in an unsafe riding condition.
Cable Lubrication
to the General Lubrication Perform in the Periodic
• Refer
Maintenance chapter.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-101
Choke Cable
Free Play Inspection
the choke lever [A] all the way to the front.
• Push
Check
choke cable free paly [B].
•○Determine
the amount of choke cable play at the choke
lever. Pull the choke lever till just before the inner cable
[C] moves the link lever [D]; the amount of choke lever
travel is the amount of cable play.
If the free play is incorrect, adjust the choke cable.
Choke Cable Free Play
Standard:
2 ∼ 3 mm (0.08 ∼ 0.12 in)
Free Play Adjustment
the locknut [A], and turn the adjuster [B] until the
• Loosen
cable has the proper amount of free play.
• Tighten the locknut securely.
Choke Cable Installation
the choke cable in accordance with the Cable Rout• Install
ing section in the General Information chapter.
• After installation, adjust the cable properly.
WARNING
Operation with an incorrectly routed or improperly
adjusted cable could result in an unsafe riding condition.
Cable Lubrication
to the General Lubrication Perform in the Periodic
• Refer
Maintenance chapter.
3-102 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Throttle Body Assy
Idle Speed Inspection
to the Idle Speed Inspection in the Periodic Main• Refer
tenance chapter .
Throttle Bore Cleaning
to the Throttle Control System Inspection in the Pe• Refer
riodic Maintenance chapter.
Synchronization Inspection
to the Engine Vacuum Synchronization Inspection
• Refer
in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Synchronization Adjustment
to the Engine Vacuum Synchronization Inspection
• Refer
in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Throttle Body Assy Removal
WARNING
Gasoline is extremely flammable and can be explosive under certain conditions. Turn the ignition
switch OFF. Disconnect the battery (–) cable terminal. Do not smoke. Make sure the area is
well-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks; this includes any appliance with a pilot
light.
Be prepared for fuel spillage: any spilled fuel must
be completely wiped up immediately.
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel Tank Removal)
•
•
Air Cleaner Housing (see Air Cleaner Housing Removal)
Be sure to place a piece of cloth around the fuel supply
pipe [A] of the throttle body assembly.
Remove:
Gray Connectors [B]
Water Temperature Sensor Connector [C]
• Remove:
Vacuum Switch Valve Vacuum Hose
•
Vacuum Hose [A] (California model)
Loosen:
Clamp Bolts [B]
Special Tool - Carburetor Drain Plug Wrench, Hex 3:
57001-1269
• Remove the throttle body assembly [C] from holder.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-103
Throttle Body Assy
• Remove:
Choke Cable Lower End [A]
Remove
• Remove:the throttle case to make a throttle cable slack.
• Throttle Cable Lower Ends [B]
removing the throttle body assy, stuff pieces of lint
• After
-free, clean cloths into the throttle body holders.
CAUTION
If dirt gets into the engine, excessive engine wear
and possible engine damage will occur.
Throttle Body Assy Installation
the holder clamp bolts [A] in the direction as shown.
• Install
[B] Bolt Heads
• Tighten:
Torque - Throttle Body Assembly Holder Clamp Bolts: 3.0
N·m (0.31 kgf·m, 27 in·lb)
the vacuum hoses as shown in the Cable, Wire, and
• Run
Hose Routing section of the Appendix chapter.
installing the fuel hose, refer to Fuel Tank Installa• When
tion.
• Adjust:
Throttle Grip Free Play
Choke Lever Free Play
Idle Speed
3-104 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Throttle Body Assy
Throttle Body Assy Disassembly
1. Throttle Body Assy
2. Injectors
3. Injector Connector Harness
4. Delivery Pipe Assy
5. Inlet Air Pressure Sensor Hoses
6. Bands
CAUTION
Do not remove, disassemble or adjust the main
throttle sensor, subthrottle sensor, subthrottle
valve actuator, throttle link mechanism and throttle
body assy, because they are adjust or set surely at
the manufacturer. Adjustment of these parts could
result in poor performance, requiring replacement
of the throttle body assy.
the throttle body assembly (see Throttle Body
• Remove
Assy Removal).
the tabs [A] of each injector connectors, pull out
• Pressing
the each connectors.
the screws [B] to pull out the injector assys from
• Remove
the throttle body assy together with the delivery pipe [C].
NOTE
○Do not damage the part of insert of the injectors when
they are pulled out from the throttle body.
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-105
Throttle Body Assy
• Pull out the injectors [A] from the delivery pipe [B].
NOTE
○Do not damage the part of insert of the injectors when
they are pulled out from the delivery pipe.
Throttle Body Assy Assembly
assembling, blow away dirt or dust from the throttle
• Before
body and delivery pipe by applying compressed air.
daphne oil or engine oil to the new O-rings [A] of
• Apply
each injector, insert them to the delivery pipe [B] and confirm whether the injectors turn smoothly or not.
NOTE
○Replace the O-ring of injectors and the dust seals of
delivery pipe to new one.
daphne oil or engine oil to the new dust seals [A], in• Apply
sert the injectors installed to the delivery pipe to the throttle body.
NOTE
○Replace the dust seals of the throttle body to new one.
• Install the delivery pipe assy to the throttle body.
Torque - Fuel Delivery Pipe Mounting Screws: 3.4 N·m
(0.35 kgf·m, 30 in·lb)
the injector connectors to each injector, and bind
• Install
the connector lead with clamps [A].
the each hoses to the throttle body fittings.
• Insert
the throttle body assy (see Throttle Body Assy In• Install
stallation).
3-106 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Air Line
Element Removal
to Air Cleaner Element Replacement in the Periodic
• Refer
Maintenance chapter.
Element Installation
to Air Cleaner Element Replacement in the Periodic
• Refer
Maintenance chapter.
Air Cleaner Element Inspection
check the element [A] for tears or breaks.
• Visually
If the element has any tears or breaks, replace the element.
Oil Draining
A drain hose is connected to the bottom of the air cleaner
part to drain water or oil accumulated in the cleaner part.
Visually check the catch tank [A] of the drain hose if the
water or oil accumulates in tank.
If any water or oil accumulates in the tank, remove the
tank from the drain hose and drain it.
•
WARNING
Be sure reinstall the catch tank in the drain hose
after draining. Oil on tires will make them slippery
and can cause an accident and injury.
Air Inlet Duct Removal
• Remove:
Upper Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Mounting Bolts [A]
Air Inlet Duct [B]
Air Inlet Duct Installation
• Tighten:
Torque - Air Inlet Duct Mounting Bolts: 6.9 N·m (0.70 kgf·m,
61 in·lb)
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-107
Fuel Tank
Fuel Tank Removal
WARNING
Gasoline is extremely flammable and can be explosive under certain conditions. Make sure the area
is well-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks; this includes any appliance with a pilot
light. Do not smoke. Turn the ignition switch OFF.
Be prepared for fuel spillage; any spilled fuel must
be completely wiped up immediately.
CAUTION
For California model, if gasoline, solvent, water or
any other liquid enters the canister, the canister’s
vapor absorbing capacity is greatly reduced. If the
canister does become contaminated, replace it with
a new one.
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
•
Fuel Tank Bolts [A]
Drain Hose [B]
Open the fuel tank cap to lower the pressure in the tank.
the fuel pump lead connector [A].
• Disconnect
Be
sure
to
place
a piece of cloth around the fuel hose joint
• [B].
pinching the hose joint locks [C] with fingers, pull
• While
the joint out along the delivery pipe.
WARNING
Be prepared for fuel spillage; any spilled fuel must
be completely wiped up immediately.
When the fuel hose is disconnected, fuel spills out
from the hose and the pipe because of residual
pressure. Cover the hose connection with a piece
of clean cloth to prevent fuel spillage.
• Remove the fuel tank, and place it on a flat surface.
3-108 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Fuel Tank
California Model, note the following:
•○For
Be sure to plug the evaporative fuel return hose to prevent
fuel spilling before fuel tank removal.
WARNING
For California model, be careful not to spill the
gasoline through the return hose. Spilled fuel is
hazardous.
If liquid or gasoline flows into the breather hose, remove
the hose and blow it clean with compressed air (California
model).
○Be careful of fuel spillage from the fuel tank since fuel still
remains in the fuel tank and fuel pump.
WARNING
Store the fuel tank in an area which is well
-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks. Do not smoke in this area. Place the
fuel tank on a flat surface and plug the fuel pipes
to prevent fuel leakage.
Fuel Tank Installation
the above WARNING (see Fuel Tank Removal).
• Note
the hoses correctly (see Appendix chapter).
• Route
Check
• housing.that the rubber dampers [A] are on the air cleaner
that the dampers [A] are in place on the fuel tank
• Check
as well.
If the dampers are damaged or deteriorated, replace
them.
If the dampers are damaged or deteriorated, replace
them.
For California Model, note the following:
○To prevent the gasoline from flowing into or out of the
canister, hold the separator perpendicular to the ground.
○Connect the hoses according to the diagram of the system (see Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing section in the
Appendix chapter). Make sure they do not get pinched or
kinked.
○Route hoses with a minimum of bending so that the air or
vapor will not be obstructed.
•
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-109
Fuel Tank
the fuel pump lead connector [A].
• Connect
Insert
the
fuel hose joint [B] straight onto the delivery pipe
• until the hose
joint clicks.
and pull [C] the hose joint [B] back and forth, and
• Push
make sure it is locked and does not come off. When the
hose joint is correctly installed, it should slide on the delivery pipe about 5 mm (0.2 in.).
If it does not slide, reinstall the hose joint.
WARNING
Make sure the hose joint is installed correctly on the
delivery pipe by sliding the joint, or the fuel could
leak.
Fuel Tank Inspection
the hose(s) from the fuel tank, and open the tank
• Remove
cap.
to see if the water drain pipe [B] and fuel breather
• Check
pipe [C] in the tank are not clogged. Check the tank cap
breather also.
If they are clogged, remove the tank and drain it, and then
blow the breather free with compressed air.
CAUTION
Do not apply compressed air to the air vent holes
[A] in the tank cap. This could cause damage and
clogging of the labyrinth in the cap.
Fuel Tank Cleaning
WARNING
Clean the tank in a well-ventilated area, and take
care that there are no sparks or flame anywhere
near the working area. Because of the danger or
highly flammable liquids, do not use gasoline or low
flash point solvents to clean the tank.
the fuel tank (see Fuel Tank Removal).
• Remove
Drain
the
fuel.
• Remove the
fuel pump assy.
• Pour some high
solvent into the fuel tank and
• shake the tank toflash-point
remove dirt and fuel deposits.
Pour
the
solvent
over
of the tank.
• Dry the tank with compressed
• Install the fuel pump assy (see air.
Fuel Pump Installation).
• Install the fuel tank (see Fuel Tank
Installation).
•
3-110 FUEL SYSTEM (DFI)
Evaporative Emission Control System
The Evaporative Emission Control System routes fuel vapors from the fuel system into the running engine or stores
the vapors in a canister when the engine is stopped. Although no adjustments are required, a thorough visual inspection must be made at the intervals specified by the Periodic Maintenance Chart.
Parts Removal/Installation
WARNING
Gasoline is extremely flammable and can be explosive under certain conditions. Turn the ignition
switch OFF. Do not smoke. Make sure the area is
well-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks; this includes any appliance with a pilot
light.
CAUTION
If gasoline, solvent, water or any other liquid enters
the canister, the canister’s vapor absorbing capacity is greatly reduced. If the canister does become
contaminated, replace it with a new one.
prevent the gasoline from flowing into or out of the
• To
canister, hold the separator perpendicular to the ground.
the hoses according to the diagram of the sys• Connect
tem. Make sure they do not get pinched or kinked.
Hose Inspection
to the Evaporative Emission Control System In• Refer
spection in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Separator Inspection
to the Evaporative Emission Control System In• Refer
spection in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
[A] Separator
FUEL SYSTEM (DFI) 3-111
Evaporative Emission Control System
Separator Operation Test
WARNING
Gasoline is extremely flammable and can be explosive under certain conditions. Turn the ignition
switch OFF. Do not smoke. Make sure the area is
well-ventilated and free from any source of flame
or sparks; this includes any appliance with a pilot
light.
the hoses to the separator, and install the sepa• Connect
rator on the motorcycle.
the breather hose from the separator, and in• Disconnect
ject about 20 mL of gasoline [A] into the separator [B]
•
•
•
through the hose fitting.
Disconnect the fuel return hose [C] from the fuel tank [D].
Run the open end of the return hose into the container
and hold it level with the tank top [E].
Start the engine, and let it idle.
If the gasoline in the separator comes out of the hose, the
separator works well. If it does not, replace the separator
with a new one.
Canister Inspection (California Model Only)
to the Evaporative Emission Control System In• Refer
spection in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
NOTE
○The canister [A] is designed to work well through the
motorcycle’s life without any maintenance if it is used
under normal conditions.
COOLING SYSTEM 4-1
Cooling System
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Specifications .........................................................................................................................
Special Tool ............................................................................................................................
Coolant Flow Chart.................................................................................................................
Coolant ...................................................................................................................................
Coolant Deterioration Inspection.......................................................................................
Coolant Level Inspection...................................................................................................
Coolant Draining ...............................................................................................................
Coolant Filling ...................................................................................................................
Pressure Testing ...............................................................................................................
Cooling System Flushing ..................................................................................................
Coolant Filter Cleaning .....................................................................................................
Coolant Reserve Tank Removal .......................................................................................
Coolant Reserve Tank Installation ....................................................................................
Water Pump............................................................................................................................
Water Pump Removal .......................................................................................................
Water Pump Installation ....................................................................................................
Water Pump Impeller Disassembly/Assembly ..................................................................
Water Pump Inspection.....................................................................................................
Water Pump Housing Disassembly ..................................................................................
Water Pump Housing Assembly .......................................................................................
Mechanical Seal Inspection ..............................................................................................
Radiator, Radiator Fan ...........................................................................................................
Radiator and Radiator Fan Removal ................................................................................
Radiator and Radiator Fan Installation .............................................................................
Radiator Inspection ...........................................................................................................
Radiator Cap Inspection ...................................................................................................
Radiator Filler Neck Inspection .........................................................................................
Thermostat .............................................................................................................................
Thermostat Removal.........................................................................................................
Thermostat Installation......................................................................................................
Thermostat Inspection ......................................................................................................
Hose and Pipes ......................................................................................................................
Hose Installation ...............................................................................................................
Hose Inspection ................................................................................................................
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor ..................................................................
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor Removal .............................................
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor Installation ..........................................
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor Inspection ...........................................
4-2
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-8
4-8
4-8
4-8
4-8
4-9
4-9
4-9
4-10
4-10
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-11
4-12
4-12
4-13
4-13
4-14
4-14
4-14
4-15
4-16
4-16
4-16
4-16
4-17
4-17
4-17
4-18
4-18
4-18
4-18
4
4-2 COOLING SYSTEM
Exploded View
COOLING SYSTEM 4-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
N·m
1 Water hose clamp screws
2.0
2 Coolant drain plug (water pump)
8.8
3 Coolant drain plug (cylinder)
8.8
4 Radiator fan switch
18
5 Water temperature sensor
25
6 Water pump impeller bolt
9.8
7 Water pump cover bolts
12
8 Thermostat housing cover bolts
5.9
9 Coolant by-pass fitting
8.8
10 Water hose fitting bolts
12
11 Radiator mounting bolts
6.9
12 Radiator bracket mounting bolts
6.9
13 Coolant reserve tank mounting screws
6.9
14 Oil cooler bolt
78
15 Water passage plugs
20
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
EO: Apply engine oil.
SS: Apply silicone sealant (Kawasaki Bond: 56019–120).
Torque
kgf·m
0.20
0.90
0.90
1.8
2.5
1.0
1.2
0.60
0.90
1.2
0.70
0.70
0.70
8.0
2.0
ft·lb
17 in·lb
78 in·lb
78 in·lb
13
18
87 in·lb
104 in·lb
52 in·lb
78 in·lb
106 in·lb
61 in·lb
61 in·lb
61 in·lb
58
14
Remarks
SS
L
L
4-4 COOLING SYSTEM
Specifications
Item
Coolant provided when shipping:
Type
Color
Mixed ratio
Freezing point
Total amount
Radiator cap
Relief pressure:
Thermostat:
Valve opening temperature
Valve full opening lift
Standard
Permanent type of antifreeze (soft water and ethylene
glycol plus corrosion and rust inhibitor chemicals for
aluminum engines and radiators)
Green
Soft water 50%, coolant 50%
-35°C (-31°F)
2.4 L (2.5 US qt.) (reserve tank full level including
radiator and engine)
93 ∼ 123 kPa (0.95 ∼ 1.25 kgf/cm², 14 ∼ 18 psi)
58 ∼ 62°C (136 ∼ 144 °F)
8 mm (0.3 in.) or more @75°C (167 °F)
COOLING SYSTEM 4-5
Special Tool
Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant) :
56019–120
4-6 COOLING SYSTEM
Coolant Flow Chart
Permanent type antifreeze is used as a coolant to protect the cooling system from rust and corrosion.
When the engine starts, the water pump turns and the coolant circulates.
The thermostat is a wax pellet type which opens or closes with coolant temperature changes. The
thermostat continuously changes its valve opening to keep the coolant temperature at the proper level.
When coolant temperature is below 58 ∼ 62°C (136 ∼ 144°F), the thermostat closes so that the coolant
flow is restricted through the air bleeder hole, causing the engine to warm up more quickly. When
coolant temperature is more than 58 ∼ 62°C (136 ∼ 144°F), the thermostat opens and the coolant
flows.
When the coolant temperature goes up beyond 92 ∼ 104°C (198 ∼ 219°F), the radiator fan switch
conducts to operate the radiator fan. The radiator fan draws air through the radiator core when there
is not sufficient air flow such as at low speeds. This increases up the cooling action of the radiator.
When the temperature goes down from the operation temperature by 3 ∼ 8°C (37 ∼ 46°F), the fan
switch opens and the radiator fan stops.
In this way, this system controls the engine temperature within narrow limits where the engine operates most efficiently even if the engine load varies.
The system is pressurized by the radiator cap to suppress boiling and the resultant air bubbles
which can cause engine overheating. As the engine warms up, the coolant in the radiator and the
water jacket expands. The excess coolant flows through the radiator cap and hose to the reserve tank
to be stored there temporarily. Conversely, as the engine cools down, the coolant in the radiator and
the water jacket contracts, and the stored coolant flows back to the radiator from the reserve tank.
The radiator cap has two valves. One is a pressure valve which holds the pressure in the system
when the engine is running. When the pressure exceeds 93 ∼ 123 kPa (0.95 ∼ 1.25 kgf/cm², 14 ∼ 18
psi), the pressure valve opens and releases the pressure to the reserve tank. As soon as pressure
escapes, the valve closes, and keeps the pressure at 93 ∼ 123 kPa (0.95 ∼ 1.25 kgf/cm², 14 ∼ 18 psi).
When the engine cools down, another small valve (vacuum valve) in the cap opens. As the coolant
cools, the coolant contracts to form a vacuum in the system. The vacuum valve opens and allows the
coolant from the reserve tank to enter the radiator.
COOLING SYSTEM 4-7
Coolant Flow Chart
1. Radiator
2. Radiator Cap
3. Radiator Fan
4. Fan Switch
5. Drain Plugs
6. Water Pump
7. Water Temperature Sensor
8. Oil Cooler
9. Thermostat
When the engine is cold, the thermostat is closed so that the coolant flow is restricted through
the air bleeder hole, causing the engine to warm up more quickly.
10. By-pass Fitting
The fitting is installed to bleed the air.
11. Reserver Tank
When the engine is very hot, the pressure valve in the radiator cap allows air and vapor to
escape into the reserve tank. When the engine cools down, the pressure drop draws the vacuum
valve (another small valve) open, admitting coolant from the reserve tank into the radiator.
4-8 COOLING SYSTEM
Coolant
Coolant Deterioration Inspection
inspect the coolant in the reserve tank.
• Visually
If whitish cotton-like wafts are observed, aluminum parts
in the cooling system are corroded. If the coolant is
brown, iron or steel parts are rusting. In either case, flush
the cooling system.
If the coolant gives off an abnormal smell, check for a
cooling system leak. It may be caused by exhaust gas
leaking into the cooling system.
Coolant Level Inspection
NOTE
○Check the level when the engine is cold (room or ambient temperature).
the coolant level in the reserve tank with the mo• Check
torcycle held perpendicular.
If the coolant level is lower than the low level line [A], add
coolant to the full level line [B].
CAUTION
For refilling, add the specified mixture of coolant
and soft water. Adding water alone dilutes the
coolant and degrades its anticorrosion properties.
The diluted coolant can attack the aluminum engine parts. In an emergency, soft water alone can
be added. But the diluted coolant must be returned
to the correct mixture ratio within a few days.
If coolant must be added often, or the reservoir tank
has run completely dry, there is probably leakage in
the cooling system. Check the system for leaks.
Coolant Draining
to the Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance
• Refer
chapter.
Coolant Filling
to the Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance
• Refer
chapter.
COOLING SYSTEM 4-9
Coolant
Pressure Testing
• Remove:
Right Inner Cover (see Frame chapter)
the radiator cap, and install a cooling system
• Remove
pressure tester [A] on the filler neck.
NOTE
○Wet the cap sealing surfaces with water or coolant to
prevent pressure leaks.
up pressure in the system carefully until the pres• Build
sure reaches 123 kPa (1.25 kgf/cm², 18 psi).
CAUTION
During pressure testing, do not exceed the pressure for which the system is designed. The maximum pressure is 123 kPa (1.25 kgf/cm², 18 psi).
the gauge for at least 6 seconds.
• Watch
If the pressure holds steady, the system is all right.
•
If the pressure drops and no external source is found,
check for internal leaks. Droplets in the engine oil indicate
internal leakage. Check the cylinder head gasket and the
water pump.
Remove the pressure tester, replenish the coolant, and
install the radiator cap.
Cooling System Flushing
Over a period of time, the cooling system accumulates
rust, scale, and lime in the water jacket and radiator. When
this accumulation is suspected or observed, flush the cooling system. If this accumulation is not removed, it will clog
up the water passage and considerable reduce the efficiency of the cooling system.
Drain the cooling system (see Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Fill the cooling system with fresh water mixed with a flushing compound.
•
•
CAUTION
Do not use a flushing compound which is harmful to
the aluminum engine and radiator. Carefully follow
the instructions supplied by the manufacturer of the
cleaning product.
up the engine, and run it at normal operating tem• Warm
perature for about ten minutes.
the engine, and drain the cooling system.
• Stop
the system with fresh water.
• Fill
Warm
engine and drain the system.
• Repeatupthetheprevious
steps once more.
• Fill the system with atwo
permanent
type coolant and bleed
• the air from the system (see Cooling
System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Coolant Filter Cleaning
to the Fuel System in the Periodic Maintenance
• Refer
chapter.
4-10 COOLING SYSTEM
Coolant
Coolant Reserve Tank Removal
• Remove:
Coolant Reserve Tank Mounting Screws [A]
• Remove:
Coolant Reserve Tank Mounting Screws [A]
Collar
Idle Adjuster Bracket [B]
Coolant Reserve Tank [C]
Coolant Reserve Tank Installation
• Install:
Coolant Reserve Tank [A]
•
Collar [B]
Idle Adjuster Bracket [C]
Tighten:
Torque - Coolant Reserve Tank Mounting Screws [D]: 6.9
N·m (0.70 kgf·m, 61 in·lb)
COOLING SYSTEM 4-11
Water Pump
Water Pump Removal
to the Oil Pump Removal in Engine Lubrication Sys• Refer
tem chapter.
Water Pump Installation
to the Oil Pump Installation in Engine Lubrication
• Refer
System chapter.
Water Pump Impeller Disassembly/Assembly
sealing seat and rubber seal may be removed easily
• The
by hand.
coolant around the surfaces of the rubber seal and
• Apply
sealing seat.
the rubber seal [A] and sealing seat [B] into the
• Install
impeller by pressing them by hand until the seat stops at
•
the bottom of the hole.
Tighten the water pump impeller bolt by special torque.
Torque - Water Pump Impeller Bolt: 10 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87
in·lb)
Water Pump Inspection
the drainage outlet passage [A] at the bottom of
• Check
the water pump body for coolant leaks.
If the mechanical seal is damaged, the coolant leaks
through the seal and drains through the passage. Replace the water pump unit.
inspect the impeller [A].
• Visually
If the surface is corroded, or if the blades are damaged,
replace the impeller.
Water Pump Housing Disassembly
CAUTION
Do not damage the hole wall of the water pump
housing.
a bar [A] into the pump housing [B], and hammer
• Insert
evenly around the circumference of the mechanical seal
bottom [C].
4-12 COOLING SYSTEM
Water Pump
• Take the oil seal [A] out of the housing [B] with a hook [C].
Water Pump Housing Assembly
CAUTION
Do not reuse the mechanical seal and oil seal.
high temperature grease to the oil seal lips [A].
• Apply
Press
the new oil seal into the housing with a bearing
• driver [B]
until it stops at the bottom surface [C] of the
housing.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set: 57001-1129
CAUTION
Be careful not to damage the sealing surface of the
mechanical seal.
the new mechanical seal into the housing with stem
• Press
bearing driver [A] until its flange [B] touches the surface
[C] of the housing.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver: 57001–382
Mechanical Seal Inspection
inspect the mechanical seal.
• Visually
If any one of the parts is damaged, replace the mechanical seal as a unit.
[A] Impeller Sealing Seat Surface
[B] Rubber Seal
[C] Mechanical Seal
COOLING SYSTEM 4-13
Radiator, Radiator Fan
Radiator and Radiator Fan Removal
WARNING
The radiator fan is connected directly to the battery. The radiator fan may start even if the ignition
switch is off. NEVER TOUCH THE RADIATOR FAN
UNTIL THE RADIATOR FAN CONNECTOR IS DISCONNECTED. TOUCHING THE FAN BEFORE THE
CONNECTOR IS DISCONNECTED COULD CAUSE
INJURY FROM THE FAN BLADES.
• Remove:
Lower Fairings (see Frame chapter)
Coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter)
Radiator Hoses [A]
Radiator Mounting Bolt [B]
• Remove:
Fan Switch Lead Connector [A]
Radiator Hose [B]
• Remove:
Radiator Mounting Bolts [A]
Radiator Fan Lead Connector
Radiator [B]
• Remove:
Radiator Fan Mounting Bolts [A]
Radiator Fan [B]
CAUTION
Do not touch the radiator core. This could damage
the radiator fins, resulting in loss of cooling efficiency.
4-14 COOLING SYSTEM
Radiator, Radiator Fan
Radiator and Radiator Fan Installation
• Install:
Radiator [A]
•
Dampers [B] (note the direction)
Collars [C]
Horn [D]
Bracket [E]
Tighten:
Torque - Radiator Bracket Mounting Bolts (L= 16 mm) [F]:
6.9 N·m (0.70 kgf·m, 61 in·lb)
Radiator Mounting Bolts (L= 30 mm) [G]: 6.9 N·m
(0.70 kgf·m, 61 in·lb)
Radiator Mounting Bolts (L= 25 mm) [H]: 6.9 N·m
(0.70 kgf·m, 61 in·lb)
Radiator Inspection
the radiator core.
• Check
If there are obstructions to air flow, remove them.
If the corrugated fins [A] are deformed, carefully
straighten them.
If the air passages of the radiator core are blocked more
than 20% by unremovable obstructions or irreparably deformed fins, replace the radiator with a new one.
CAUTION
When cleaning the radiator with steam cleaner, be
careful of the following to prevent radiator damage.
Keep the steam gun [A] away more than 0.5 m (1.6
ft) [B] from the radiator core.
Hold the steam gun perpendicular [C] (not oblique
[D]) to the core surface.
Run the steam gun following the core fin direction.
Radiator Cap Inspection
the condition of the bottom [A] and top [B] valve
• Check
seals and valve spring [C].
If any one of them shows visible damage, replace the cap
with a new one.
COOLING SYSTEM 4-15
Radiator, Radiator Fan
• Install the cap [A] on a cooling system pressure tester [B].
NOTE
○Wet the cap sealing surfaces with water or coolant to
prevent pressure leaks.
the pressure gauge, pump the pressure tester
• Watching
to build up the pressure until the relief valve opens: the
gauge hand flicks downward. Stop pumping and measure
leak time at once. The relief valve must open within the
specified range in the table below and the gauge hand
must remain within the same range at least 6 seconds.
Radiator Cap Relief Pressure
Standard:
93 ∼ 123 kPa (0.95 ∼ 1.25 kgf/cm², 14 ∼ 18
psi)
If the cap cannot hold the specified pressure, or if it holds
too much pressure, replace it with a new one.
Radiator Filler Neck Inspection
the right inner cover (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Remove
radiator cap.
• Check thetheradiator
neck for signs of damage.
• Check the conditionfiller
of
the
top and bottom sealing seats
• [A] in the filler neck. They must
be smooth and clean for
the radiator cap to function properly.
4-16 COOLING SYSTEM
Thermostat
Thermostat Removal
• Remove:
Coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter)
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System chapter)
Thermostat Housing Cover Bolts [A]
Bracket [B]
Thermostat Housing Cover [C]
Thermostat
Thermostat Installation
sure to install the O-ring [A] on the housing cover.
• Be
Tighten
the housing cover bolts.
•
Torque - Thermostat Housing Cover Bolts: 5.9 N·m (0.60
kgf·m, 52 in·lb)
• Fill the radiator with coolant.
Thermostat Inspection
the thermostat, and inspect the thermostat valve
• Remove
[A] at room temperature.
If the valve is open, replace the thermostat with a new
one.
check valve opening temperature, suspend the ther• To
mostat [A] in a container of water and raise the temperature of the water.
○The thermostat must be completely submerged and must
not touch the container sides or bottom. Suspend an accurate thermometer [B] in the water so that the heat sensitive portions [C] are located in almost the same depth.
It must not touch the container, either.
If the measurement is out of the specified range, replace
the thermostat with a new one.
Thermostat Valve Opening Temperature
58 ∼ 62°C (136 ∼ 144°F)
COOLING SYSTEM 4-17
Hose and Pipes
Hose Installation
the hoses and pipes being careful to follow bend• Install
ing direction or diameter. Avoid sharp bending, kinking,
flattening, or twisting.
Install the clamps [A] as near as possible to the hose end
to clear the raised rib or the fitting. This will prevent the
hoses from working loose.
○The clamp screws should be positioned correctly to prevent the clamps from contacting anything.
•
Torque - Hose Clamp Screws: 2.0 N·m (0.20 kgf·m, 17 in·lb)
Hose Inspection
○Refer to the Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter
4-18 COOLING SYSTEM
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor
Removal
CAUTION
The fan switch or the water temperature sensor
should never be allowed to fall on a hard surface.
Such a shock to their parts can damage them.
the coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic
• Drain
Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Radiator Fan Switch Lead Connector [A]
Radiator Fan Switch [B]
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System chapter)
Water Temperature Sensor Lead Connector [A]
Water Temperature Sensor [B]
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor
Installation
silicone sealant to the threads of the water temper• Apply
ature sensor.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 56019-120
• Tighten the fan switch and water temperature sensor.
Torque - Radiator Fan Switch : 18 N·m (1.8 kgf·m, 13 ft·lb)
Water Temperature Sensor : 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18
ft·lb)
the coolant and bleed the air from cooling system (see
• Fill
Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Radiator Fan Switch, Water Temperature Sensor
Inspection
to the Electrical System chapter for these inspec• Refer
tions.
ENGINE TOP END 5-1
Engine Top End
Table of Contents
Exploded View...................................
Specifications ....................................
Special Tools and Sealant .................
Clean Air System...............................
Air Suction Valve Removal...........
Air Suction Valve Installation........
Air Suction Valve Inspection ........
Vacuum Switch Valve Removal ...
Vacuum Switch Valve Installation
Vacuum Switch Valve Test ...........
Clean Air System Hose
Inspection..................................
Cylinder Head Cover .........................
Cylinder Head Cover Removal ....
Cylinder Head Cover Installation .
Camshaft Chain Tensioner ................
Camshaft Chain Tensioner
Removal ....................................
Camshaft Chain Tensioner
Installation .................................
Camshaft, Camshaft Chain ...............
Camshaft Removal ......................
Camshaft Installation ...................
Camshaft, Camshaft Cap Wear ...
Camshaft Runout .........................
Cam Wear....................................
Camshaft Chain Removal ............
Camshaft and Sprocket
Assembly...................................
Cylinder Head....................................
Cylinder Compression
Measurement ............................
Cylinder Head Removal ...............
Cylinder Head Installation ............
5-2
5-6
5-8
5-10
5-10
5-10
5-10
5-10
5-10
5-11
5-11
5-12
5-12
5-12
5-14
5-14
5-14
5-15
5-15
5-15
5-17
5-17
5-17
5-18
5-18
5-19
5-19
5-20
5-21
Cylinder Head Warp.....................
Valves ................................................
Valve Clearance Inspection .........
Valve Clearance Adjustment........
Valve Removal .............................
Valve Installation ..........................
Valve Guide Removal ..................
Valve Guide Installation ...............
Valve-to-Guide Clearance
Measurement (Wobble
Method) .....................................
Valve Seat Inspection ..................
Valve Seat Repair ........................
Cylinder, Pistons................................
Cylinder Removal.........................
Cylinder Installation......................
Piston Removal............................
Piston Installation.........................
Cylinder Wear ..............................
Piston Wear .................................
Piston Ring, Piston Ring Groove
Wear..........................................
Piston Ring Groove Width............
Piston Ring Thickness .................
Piston Ring End Gap ...................
Throttle Valve Holder .........................
Throttle Valve Holder Installation .
Muffler................................................
Exhaust Pipe Manifold Removal ..
Exhaust Pipe Manifold
Installation .................................
Muffler Body Removal..................
Muffler Body Installation...............
5-21
5-22
5-22
5-22
5-22
5-22
5-22
5-23
5-23
5-24
5-24
5-29
5-29
5-29
5-29
5-30
5-31
5-31
5-32
5-32
5-33
5-33
5-34
5-34
5-35
5-35
5-35
5-35
5-35
5
5-2 ENGINE TOP END
Exploded View
ENGINE TOP END 5-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Air suction valve cover bolts
Cylinder head cover bolts
Spark plugs
Camshaft cap bolts
Cylinder head bolts (9 mm)
Cylinder head bolts (6 mm)
Cylinder head jacket plug (upper)
Cylinder head jacket plug (left)
Coolant by-pass fitting
Water temperature sensor
11
12
Camshaft position sensor bolt
Throttle body assembly holder bolts
Throttle body assembly holder clamp
bolts
Camshaft sprocket bolts
Front camshaft chain guide bolt (upper)
Front camshaft chain guide bolt (lower)
Rear camshaft chain guide bolt
Camshaft chain tensioner mounting
bolts
Camshaft chain tensioner cap bolt
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20. Closed coil end faces downward.
G: Apply grease.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
M: Apply molybdenum disulfide grease.
EO: Apply engine oil.
SS: Apply silicone sealant.
R: Replacement Parts
S: Follow the specific tightening sequence.
N·m
12
9.8
13
12
40
12
20
20
8.8
25
Torque
kgf·m
1.2
1.0
1.3
1.2
4.1
1.2
2.0
2.0
0.90
2.5
ft·lb
104 in·lb
87 in·lb
113 in·lb
104 in·lb
30
104 in·lb
14.5
14.5
78 in·lb
18
12
12
1.2
1.2
104 in·lb
104 in·lb
2.5
0.25
22 in·lb
15
25
12
25
1.5
2.5
1.2
2.5
11
18
104 in·lb
18
9.8
1.0
87 in·lb
29
3.0
21
Remarks
L
S
S
L
L
L
SS
L
5-4 ENGINE TOP END
Exploded View
ENGINE TOP END 5-5
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Fastener
Water jacket drain bolt
Exhaust pipe manifold nut
Exhaust pipe clamp bolt
Muffler body bolt
Crankshaft sensor cover bolts
6. R marked side face up.
7. RN marked side face up.
8. A marking hollow facing forward.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
EO: Apply engine oil.
R: Replacement Parts
Exhaust System
UK: United Kingdom Model
Full: Full Power
78.2: Horsepower 78.2 kW (106.3 ps)
H: Honeycomb Type Catalyst
N·m
8.8
17
17
30
9.8
Torque
kgf·m
0.90
1.7
1.7
3.0
1.0
ft·lb
78 in·lb
12
12
22
87 in·lb
Remarks
L (1)
5-6 ENGINE TOP END
Specifications
Item
Clean Air System:
Vacuum switch valve closing
pressure:
Camshafts
Cam height:
Exhaust
Inlet
Camshaft journal, camshaft
cap clearance
Camshaft journal diameter
Camshaft bearing inside
diameter
Camshaft runout
Cylinder Head:
Cylinder compression
Cylinder head warp
Valves:
Valve head thickness:
Exhaust
Inlet
Valve stem bend
Valve stem diameter:
Exhaust
Inlet
Valve guide inside diameter
Exhaust
Inlet
Valve/valve guide clearance
(wobble method):
Exhaust
Inlet
Valve seat cutting angle
Valve seat surface:
Width:
Exhaust
Inlet
Outside diameter:
Exhaust
Inlet
Valve spring free length:
Exhaust
Inlet
Standard
Service Limit
Open → Close
41 ∼ 49 kPa (310 ∼ 370 mmHg)
33.146 ∼ 33.254 mm (1.305 ∼ 1.309 in.)
34.146 ∼ 34.254 mm (1.344 ∼ 1.349 in.)
33.05 mm (1.30 in.)
34.05 mm (1.34 in.)
0.038 ∼ 0.081 mm (0.001 ∼ 0.003 in.)
0.17 mm (0.007 in.)
23.940 ∼ 23.962 mm
(0.9425 ∼ 0.9434 in.)
24.000 ∼ 24.021 mm
(0.9449 ∼ 0.9457 in.)
TIR 0.02 mm (0.0008 in.) or less
(usable range)
950 ∼ 1 450 kPa (9.7 ∼ 14.8 kgf/cm²,
138 ∼ 210 psi) @350 r/min (rpm)
–––
1.0 mm (0.04 in.)
0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
TIR 0.01 mm (0.0004 in.) or less
23.91 mm (0.941 in.)
24.08 mm (0.948 in.)
TIR 0.1 mm (0.004 in.)
– – –
0.05 mm (0.002 in.)
0.6 mm (0.02 in.)
0.25 mm (0.01 in.)
TIR 0.05 mm (0.002 in.)
3.955 ∼ 3.970 mm (0.1557 ∼ 0.1563 in.)
3.975 ∼ 3.990 mm (0.1565 ∼ 0.1571 in.)
3.94 mm (0.155 in.)
3.96 mm (0.156 in.)
4.000 ∼ 4.012 mm (0.1575 ∼ 0.1580 in.)
4.000 ∼ 4.012 mm (0.1575 ∼ 0.1580 in.)
4.08 mm (0.161 in.)
4.08 mm (0.161 in.)
0.10 ∼ 0.18 mm (0.0039 ∼ 0.0071 in.)
0.03 ∼ 0.12 mm (0.0012 ∼ 0.0047 in.)
45°, 32°, 60°
0.35 mm (0.014 in.)
0.29 mm (0.011 in.)
– – –
0.5 ∼ 1.0 mm (0.02 ∼ 0.04 in.)
0.5 ∼ 1.0 mm (0.02 ∼ 0.04 in.)
– – –
– – –
22.1 ∼ 22.3 mm (0.87 ∼ 0.88 in.)
26.4 ∼ 26.6 mm (1.04 ∼ 1.05 in.)
– – –
– – –
39.4 mm (1.55 in.)
35.3 mm (1.39 in.)
38.0 mm (1.50 in.)
33.9 mm (1.33 in.)
ENGINE TOP END 5-7
Specifications
Item
Cylinder, Piston:
Cylinder inside diameter
ZX636
ZX600
Piston diameter ZX636
ZX600
Piston/cylinder clearance:
Piston ring/groove clearance
Top
ZX636
ZX600
Second
Piston ring groove width:
Top
ZX636
ZX600
Second
Piston ring thickness:
Top
Second
Piston ring end gap:
Top
Second
Standard
Service Limit
68.000 ∼ 68.012 mm (2.677 ∼ 2.678 in.)
67.000 ∼ 67.012 mm (2.637 ∼ 2.638 in.)
67.975∼ 67.990 mm (2.676 ∼ 2.677 in.)
66.975∼ 66.990 mm (2.636 ∼ 2.637 in.)
0.010 ∼ 0.037 mm (0.0004 ∼ 0.0015 in.)
68.10
67.10
67.83
66.83
0.03 ∼ 0.05 mm (0.0012 ∼ 0.0020 in.)
0.05 ∼ 0.09 mm (0.0020 ∼ 0.0035 in.)
0.03 ∼ 0.07 mm (0.0012 ∼ 0.0028 in.)
0.15 mm (0.0059 in.)
0.19 mm (0.0075 in.)
0.17 mm (0.0067 in.)
0.82 ∼ 0.84 mm (0.0322 ∼ 0.0331 in.)
0.84 ∼ 0.86 mm (0.0331 ∼ 0.0339 in.)
0.82 ∼ 0.84 mm (0.0323 ∼ 0.0331 in.)
0.92 mm (0.036 in.)
0.94 mm (0.037 in.)
0.92 mm (0.036 in.)
0.77 ∼ 0.79 mm (0.0303 ∼ 0.0311 in.)
0.77 ∼ 0.79 mm (0.0303 ∼ 0.0311 in.)
0.70 mm (0.028 in.)
0.70 mm (0.028 in.)
0.12 ∼ 0.22 mm (0.0047 ∼ 0.0087 in.)
0.30 ∼ 0.45 mm (0.0118 ∼ 0.0177 in.)
0.5 mm (0.020 in.)
0.8 mm (0.031 in.)
mm (2.68
mm (2.64
mm (2.67
mm (2.63
– – –
in.)
in.)
in.)
in.)
5-8 ENGINE TOP END
Special Tools and Sealant
Compression Gauge:
57001–221
Valve Seat Cutter, 32° – 25:
57001–1118
Valve Spring Compressor Assembly:
57001–241
Valve Seat Cutter, 32° – 28:
57001–1119
Piston Pin Puller Assembly:
57001–910
Valve Seat Cutter Holder Bar:
57001–1128
Valve Seat Cutter, 45° – 24.5:
57001–1113
Valve Spring Compressor Adapter, 21:
57001–1272
Valve Seat Cutter, 45° – 27.5:
57001–1114
Spark Plug Wrench, Hex 16:
57001–1262
ENGINE TOP END 5-9
Special Tools and Sealant
Valve Guide Arbor, 4:
57001–1273
Compression Gauge Adapter, M10 × 1.0:
57001–1317
Valve Guide Reamer, 4:
57001–1274
Valve Seat Cutter, 60° – 25:
57001–1328
Valve Seat Cutter Holder, 4:
57001–1275
Valve Seat Cutter, 60° – 27:
57001–1409
Fork Oil Level Gauge:
57001–1290
Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant):
56019–120
5-10 ENGINE TOP END
Clean Air System
Air Suction Valve Removal
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
•
•
•
Fuel Tank, Air Cleaner Housing (see Fuel System (DFI)
chapter)
Push out the rubber plate right side [A].
Separate the hoses [B] from the air suction valve cover.
Remove:
Air Suction Valve Cover Bolts [C]
Air Suction Valve Cover [D]
Air Suction Valve Installation
the air suction valve so that opening [A] of the reeds
• Install
faces the rear and downward.
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the air suction valve cover bolts, and tighten them with
the specified torque.
Torque - Air Suction Valve Cover Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m,
104 in·lb)
Air Suction Valve Inspection
○Refer to the Engine Top End in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter.
Vacuum Switch Valve Removal
the throttle body assembly hose [A], clamp [B]
• Remove
and hoses [C].
Vacuum Switch Valve Installation
the vacuum switch valve so that the air duct [A]
• Install
faces right side.
• Route the hoses correctly (see Appendix chapter).
ENGINE TOP END 5-11
Clean Air System
Vacuum Switch Valve Test
• Remove:
Fuel Tank, Air Cleaner Housing (see Fuel System (DFI)
•
chapter)
Vacuum Switch Valve
Connect a vacuum gauge [A] and syringe [B] or fork oil
level gauge to the vacuum hoses as shown.
Special Tool - Fork Oil Level Gauge: 57001-1290
Air Flow [C]
raise the vacuum (lower the pressure) applied
• Gradually
to the vacuum switch valve, and check the valve operation. When the vacuum is low, the vacuum switch valve
should permit air to flow. When the vacuum raises to
valve closing pressure, it should stop air flow.
Spring [A]
Diaphragm [B]
Valve [C]
Low Vacuum [D]
Secondary Air Flow [E]
If the vacuum switch valve does not operate as described,
replace it with a new one.
NOTE
○To check air flow through the vacuum switch valve, just
blow through the air cleaner hose.
Vacuum Switch Valve Closing Pressure (Open → Close)
Standard:
41 ∼ 49 kPa (310 ∼ 370 mmHg)
High Vacuum [A]
Secondary air cannot flow [B]
Clean Air System Hose Inspection
certain that all the hoses are routed without being flat• Be
tened or kinked, and are connected correctly to the air
cleaner housing, vacuum switch valve, #2 and #3 throttle
body and air suction valve covers.
If they are not, correct them. Replace them if they are
damaged.
5-12 ENGINE TOP END
Cylinder Head Cover
Cylinder Head Cover Removal
• Remove:
Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank, Air Cleaner Housing and Throttle Body Assembly (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Vacuum Switch Valve [A] and Hoses [B]
• Remove:
Air suction valve cover bolts
•
•
Air suction valve
Push out the rubber plate right side [A].
Remove the stick coils [B].
the main harness clamp [A].
• Remove
Remove
the
cylinder head cover bolts [B].
•
the cylinder head cover [A] to backward [B] float• Remove
ing it a little up.
Cylinder Head Cover Installation
the head cover gasket with a new one if dam• Replace
aged.
• Apply silicone sealant to the cylinder head as shown [A].
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 56019-120
ENGINE TOP END 5-13
Cylinder Head Cover
• Be sure to install the pins [A] and rubber gaskets [B].
the chain guide [A].
• Install
Install
the
• Tighten: washer [B] with the metal side faces upward.
•
Torque - Cylinder Head Cover Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87
in·lb) [C]
the rubber plate so that left side [A] of it into be• Install
tween radiator fan and cylinder head cover, and light side
•
•
[B] of it onto the cylinder head cover.
Route the radiator fan harness, fan switch lead wire and
camshaft position sensor lead wire in accordance with
Harness Routing section in Appendix chapter.
Install the air suction valve and air suction valve covers.
NOTE
○Do not forget to install the engine ground lead on the
back side bolt of right side air suction valve cover.
Torque - Air Suction Valve Cover Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m,
104 in·lb)
• Install:
Stick Coil
Vacuum Switch Valve and Hoses
Fuel Tank, Air Cleaner Housing and Throttle Body Assembly
Seats
Lower Fairing
5-14 ENGINE TOP END
Camshaft Chain Tensioner
Camshaft Chain Tensioner Removal
CAUTION
This is a non-return type camshaft chain tensioner.
The push rod does not return to its original position
once it moves out to take up camshaft chain slack.
Observe all the rules listed below:
When removing the tensioner, do not take out the
mounting bolts only halfway. Retightening the
mounting bolts from this position could damage
the tensioner and the camshaft chain. Once the
bolts are loosened, the tensioner must be removed
and reset as described in "Camshaft Chain Tensioner Installation."
Do not turn over the crankshaft while the tensioner
is removed. This could upset the camshaft chain
timing, and damage the valves.
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
•
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System chapter)
Cap Bolt [A]
Washer [B]
Spring [C]
Rod [D]
Remove the mounting bolts [E] and take off the camshaft
chain tensioner.
Camshaft Chain Tensioner Installation
grease to the O-ring.
• Apply
Release
the stopper [A] and push the push rod [B] into
• the tensioner
body [C].
○Insert the push rod so that the push rod teeth are leaved
•
six notches.
Install the tensioner body so that the stopper faces upward.
• Tighten:
Torque - Camshaft Chain Tensioner Mounting Bolts [A]: 9.8
N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87 in·lb)
the rod, spring and washer.
• Install
Tighten:
•
Torque - Camshaft Chain Tensioner Cap Bolt [B]: 29 N·m
(3.0 kgf·m, 21 ft·lb)
the crankshaft 2 turns clockwise to allow the ten• Turn
sioner to expand and recheck the camshaft chain timing.
ENGINE TOP END 5-15
Camshaft, Camshaft Chain
Camshaft Removal
• Remove:
Cylinder Head Cover (see Cylinder Head Cover Removal)
•
Pickup Coil Cover
Position the crankshaft at #1, 4 piston TDC.
[A] TDC mark for #1, 4 Pistons
[B] Timing Mark (crankcase halves mating surface)
• Remove:
Camshaft Chain Tensioner (see Camshaft Chain Ten-
•
sioner Removal)
Rubber Gaskets and Cylinder Head Cover Gasket
Camshaft Cap Bolts
Camshaft Cap [A]
Camshafts [B]
Stuff a clean cloth into the chain tunnel to keep any parts
from dropping into the crankcase.
CAUTION
The crankshaft may be turned while the camshafts
are removed. Always pull the chain taut while turning the crankshaft. This avoids kinking the chain
on the lower (crankshaft) sprocket. A kinked chain
could damage both the chain and the sprocket.
Camshaft Installation
to install the following parts.
• Be[A]sure
O-rings
[B] O-rings
[C] Pins
the camshaft (see Camshaft and Sprocket As• Assemble
sembly).
engine oil to all cam parts and journals.
• Apply
If
a
new
camshaft is to be used, apply a thin coat of molyb• denum disulfide
grease to the cam surfaces.
NOTE
○The exhaust camshaft has a 161 EX mark [A] and the
inlet camshaft has a 161 IN mark [B]. Be careful not to
mix up these shafts.
5-16 ENGINE TOP END
Camshaft, Camshaft Chain
the crankshaft at #1, 4 piston TDC.
• Position
Pull
the
tension
side (exhaust side) [A] of the chain taut
• to install the chain.
the camshaft chain with the camshaft sprockets
• Engage
so that the timing marks on the sprockets are positioned
as shown.
○The timing marks of #1, 4 must be aligned with the lower
surface of crankcase of rear side [E].
to see the timing marks must be aligned with the
• Check
cylinder head upper surface [B].
[C] EX mark
[D] IN mark
○Confirmation of inlet camshaft sprocket position is using
mirror.
the camshaft cap.
•○Install
First tighten the camshaft cap evenly to seat the camshaft
in place, then tighten all bolts following the specified tightening sequence.
Torque - Camshaft Cap Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104 in·lb)
the camshaft chain tensioner (see Camshaft
• Tighten
Chain Tensioner Installation).
the cylinder head cover (see Cylinder Head Cover
• Install
Installation).
ENGINE TOP END 5-17
Camshaft, Camshaft Chain
Camshaft, Camshaft Cap Wear
the camshaft cap (see Camshaft Removal).
• Remove
Cut
strips
of plastigage to journal width. Place a strip
• on each journal
parallel to the camshaft installed in the
•
•
correct position.
Measure each clearance between the camshaft journal
and the camshaft cap using plastigage (press gauge) [A].
Tighten:
Torque - Camshaft Cap Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104 in·lb)
NOTE
○Do not turn the camshaft when the plastigage is between the journal and camshaft cap.
Camshaft Journal, Camshaft Cap Clearance
Standard:
0.038 ∼ 0.081 mm (0.001 ∼ 0.003 in.)
Service Limit:
0.17 mm (0.007 in.)
If any clearance exceeds the service limit, measure the
diameter of each camshaft journal with a micrometer.
Camshaft Journal Diameter
Standard:
23.940 ∼ 23.962 mm (0.9425 ∼ 0.9434 in.)
Service Limit: 23.91 mm (0.941 in.)
If the camshaft journal diameter is less than the service
limit, replace the camshaft with a new one and measure
the clearance again.
If the clearance still remains out of the limit, replace the
cylinder head unit.
Camshaft Runout
the camshaft (see Camshaft Removal).
• Remove
Set
the
camshaft
in a camshaft alignment jig or on V
• blocks.
runout with a dial gauge at the specified place
• Measure
as shown.
If the runout exceeds the service limit, replace the shaft.
Camshaft Runout
Standard:
Service Limit:
TIR 0.02 mm (0.00079 in.) or less
TIR 0.1 mm (0.004 in.)
Cam Wear
the camshaft (see Camshaft Removal).
• Remove
Measure
[A] of each cam with a micrometer.
• If the camstheareheight
worn down past the service limit, replace
the camshaft.
Cam Height
Standard
Service Limit
Exhaust
33.146 ∼ 33.254 mm
(1.305 ∼ 1.309 in.)
33.05 mm
(1.30 in.)
Inlet
34.146 ∼ 34.254 mm
(1.344 ∼ 1.349 in.)
34.05 mm
(1.34 in.)
5-18 ENGINE TOP END
Camshaft, Camshaft Chain
Camshaft Chain Removal
the crankcase (see Crankshaft/Transmission chap• Split
ter).
the camshaft chain [A] from the crankshaft
• Remove
sprocket.
Camshaft and Sprocket Assembly
and exhaust camshaft sprockets are the same.
• Inlet
Install
the sprockets so that the marked side faces
• outwards,
and align the holes [A] on the camshaft and
•
sprocket circular holes [B].
Apply a non-permanent locking agent to the camshaft
sprocket bolts and tighten them.
Torque - Camshaft Sprocket Bolts: 15 N·m (1.5 kgf·m, 11.0
ft·lb)
ENGINE TOP END 5-19
Cylinder Head
Cylinder Compression Measurement
NOTE
○Use the battery which is fully charged.
up the engine thoroughly.
• Warm
the engine.
• Stop
Remove:
• Seats (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Air Cleaner Housing (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Stick Coils
Spark Plugs
Special Tool - Spark Plug Wrench, Hex 16: 57001-1262
the compression gauge [A] and adapter [B] firmly
• Attach
into the spark plug hole.
○Using the starter motor, turn the engine over with the throttle fully open until the compression gauge stops rising; the
compression is the highest reading obtainable.
Special Tool - Compression Gauge: 57001-221
Compression Gauge Adapter, M10 × 1.0:
57001-1317
Cylinder Compression
950 ∼ 1 450 kPa (9.7 ∼ 14.8 kgf/cm², 138
Usable Range :
∼ 210 psi) @ 350 r/min (rpm)
the measurement for the other cylinders.
• Repeat
• Install the spark plugs.
Torque - Spark Plugs: 13 N·m (1.3 kgf·m, 113 in·lb)
5-20 ENGINE TOP END
Cylinder Head
The following table should be consulted if the obtainable compression reading is not within the usable range.
Problem
Cylinder
compression is
higher than usable
range
Cylinder
compression is
lower than usable
range
Diagnosis
Carbon accumulation on piston and in
combustion chamber possibly due to
damaged valve stem oil seal and/or
damaged piston oil rings (This may be
indicated by white exhaust smoke).
Incorrect cylinder head gasket thickness.
Gas leakage around cylinder head
Bad condition of valve seating
Incorrect valve clearance.
Incorrect piston/cylinder clearance
Piston seizure.
Bad condition of piston ring and/or piston
ring grooves
Cylinder Head Removal
the coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic
• Drain
Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Engine (see Engine Removal/Installation chapter)
Cylinder Head Cover (see Cylinder Head Cover Removal)
Camshaft Chain Tensioner (see Camshaft Chain Tensioner Removal)
Camshafts (see Camshaft Removal)
Camshaft Position Sensor [A] (see Electrical System
chapter)
the 6 mm cylinder head bolts [A], and then the 9
• Remove
mm cylinder head bolts [B].
• Take off the cylinder head.
Remedy (Action)
Remove the carbon deposits
and replace damaged parts if
necessary.
Replace the gasket with a
standard part.
Replace damaged gasket and
check cylinder head warp.
Repair if necessary.
Adjust the valve clearance.
Replace the piston and/or cylinder
Inspect the cylinder and
replace/repair the cylinder
and/or piston as necessary.
Replace the piston and/or the
piston rings.
ENGINE TOP END 5-21
Cylinder Head
Cylinder Head Installation
NOTE
○The camshaft cap is machined with the cylinder head,
so if a new cylinder head is installed, use the cap that
is supplied with the new head.
a new cylinder head gasket and knock pins.
• Install
Apply
disulfide oil to both sides [A] of the
• cylindermolybdenum
head bolt washers.
the 9 mm cylinder head bolts following the tight• Tighten
ening sequence [1 ∼ 10].
Torque First
Final
Cylinder Head Bolts (9 mm):
20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14.5 ft·lb)
Used Bolts 40 N·m (4.1 kgf·m, 30 ft·lb)
• Tighten the 6 mm cylinder head bolts [11].
Torque - Cylinder Head Bolts (6 mm): 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m,
104 in·lb)
the camshaft position sensor (see Electrical Sys• Install
tem chapter).
Cylinder Head Warp
a straightedge across the lower surface of the cylinder
• Lay
head at several positions.
a thickness gauge [A] to measure the space between
• Use
the straightedge [B] and the head.
Cylinder Head Warp
--Standard:
Service Limit:
0.05 mm (0.002 in.)
If the cylinder head is warped more than the service limit,
replace it.
If the cylinder head is warped less than the service limit,
repair the head by rubbing the lower surface on emery
paper secured to a surface plate (first No. 200, then No.
400).
5-22 ENGINE TOP END
Valves
Valve Clearance Inspection
○Refer to the Engine Top End in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter.
Valve Clearance Adjustment
○Refer to the Engine Top End in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter.
Valve Removal
the cylinder head (see Cylinder Head Removal).
• Remove
Remove
valve lifter and shim.
•○Mark andthe
record the valve lifter and shim locations so they
•
can be installed in their original positions.
Using the valve spring compressor assembly, remove the
valve.
Special Tools - Valve Spring Compressor Assembly: 57001
-241 [A]
Adapter, 21: 57001-1272 [B]
Valve Installation
the oil seal with a new one.
• Replace
Apply
a
thin
coat of molybdenum disulfide grease to the
• valve stem before
valve installation.
Install
the
springs
so
that the closed coil end faces down• wards.
[A] Valve Stem
[B] Oil Seal
[C] Spring Seat
[D] Closed Coil End
[E] Valve Springs
[F] Retainer
[G] Split Keepers
Valve Guide Removal
• Remove:
Valve (see Valve Removal)
•
Oil Seal
Spring Seat
Heat the area around the valve guide to 120 ∼ 150°C (248
∼ 302 °F), and hammer lightly on the valve guide arbor [A]
to remove the guide from the top of the head.
CAUTION
Do not heat the cylinder head with a torch. This will
warp the cylinder head. Soak the cylinder head in
oil and heat the oil.
Special Tool - Valve Guide Arbor, 4: 57001-1273
ENGINE TOP END 5-23
Valves
Valve Guide Installation
oil to the valve guide outer surface before installa• Apply
tion.
the area around the valve guide hole to about 120 ∼
• Heat
150 °C (248 ∼ 302 °F).
the valve guide in from the top of the head using the
• Drive
valve guide arbor. The flange stops the guide from going
in too far.
Special Tool - Valve Guide Arbor, 4: 57001-1273
until the cylinder head cools down and then ream the
• Wait
valve guide with the valve guide reamer [A] even if the old
guide is reused.
○Turn the reamer in a clockwise direction until the reamer
turns freely in the guide. Never turn the reamer counterclockwise or it will be dulled.
○Once the guides are reamed they must be cleaned thoroughly.
Special Tool - Valve Guide Reamer, 4: 57001-1274
Valve-to-Guide Clearance Measurement
(Wobble Method)
If a small bore gauge is not available, inspect the valve
guide wear by measuring the valve to valve guide clearance
with the wobble method as indicated below.
Insert a new valve [A] into the guide [B] and set a dial
gauge against the stem perpendicular to it as close as
possible to the cylinder head mating surface.
Move the stem back and forth [C] to measure valve/valve
guide clearance.
Repeat the measurement in a direction at a right angle to
the first.
If the reading exceeds the service limit, replace the guide.
•
•
•
NOTE
○The reading is not actual valve/valve guide clearance
because the measuring point is above the guide.
Valve/Valve Guide Clearance (Wobble Method)
Standard
Service Limit
Inlet
Exhaust
0.03 ∼ 0.12 mm
0.29 mm
(0.0012 ∼ 0.0047 in.)
(0.011 in.)
0.10 ∼ 0.18 mm
0.35 mm
(0.0039 ∼ 0.0071 in.)
(0.014 in.)
5-24 ENGINE TOP END
Valves
Valve Seat Inspection
the valve (see Valve Removal).
• Remove
Check
the
valve seating surface [A] between the valve [B]
• and valve seat
[C].
○Measure the outside diameter [D] of the seating pattern
on the valve seat.
If the outside diameter is too large or too small, repair the
seat (see Seat Repair).
Valve Seating Surface Outside Diameter
Standard: Inlet
26.4 ∼ 26.6 mm (1.04 ∼ 1.05 in.)
Exhaust
22.1 ∼ 22.3 mm (0.87 ∼ 0.88 in.)
○Measure the seat width [E] of the portion where there is
no build-up carbon (white portion) of the valve seat with a
vernier caliper.
Good [F]
If the width is too wide [G], too narrow [H] or uneven [J],
repair the seat (see Valve Seat Repair).
Valve Seating Surface Width
Inlet, Exhaust 0.5 ∼ 1.0 mm
Standard:
(0.02 ∼ 0.04 in.)
Valve Seat Repair
• Repair the valve seat with the valve seat cutters [A].
Special Tools Valve Seat Cutter Holder, 4: 57001-1275 [B]
Valve Seat Cutter Holder Bar: 57001-1128 [C]
[For Inlet Valve Seat]
Valve Seat Cutter, 45° - 24: 57001-1113
Valve Seat Cutter, 32° - 25: 57001-1118
Valve Seat Cutter, 60° - 25: 57001-1328
[For Exhaust Valve Seat]
Valve Seat Cutter, 45° - 27.5: 57001-1114
Valve Seat Cutter, 32° - 28 : 57001-1119
Valve Seat Cutter, 60° - 27: 57001-1409
If the manufacturer’s instructions are not available, use
the following procedure.
ENGINE TOP END 5-25
Valves
Seat Cutter Operation Care:
1. This valve seat cutter is developed to grind the valve for
repair. Therefore the cutter must not be used for other
purposes than seat repair.
2. Do not drop or shock the valve seat cutter, or the diamond particles may fall off.
3. Do not fail to apply engine oil to the valve seat cutter
before grinding the seat surface. Also wash off ground
particles sticking to the cutter with washing oil.
NOTE
○Do not use a wire brush to remove the metal particles
from the cutter. It will take off the diamond particles.
4. Setting the valve seat cutter holder in position, operate
the cutter in one hand. Do not apply too much force to
the diamond portion.
NOTE
○Prior to grinding, apply engine oil to the cutter and during the operation, wash off any ground particles sticking
to the cutter with washing oil.
5. After use, wash it with washing oil and apply thin layer
of engine oil before storing.
Marks Stamped on the Cutter:
The marks stamped on the back of the cutter [A] represent
the following.
60° ........................... Cutter angle [B]
37.5φ ........................ Outer diameter of cutter [C]
Operating Procedures:
Clean the seat area carefully.
Coat the seat with machinist’s dye.
Fit a 45° cutter into the holder and slide it into the valve
guide.
Press down lightly on the handle and turn it right or left.
Grind the seating surface only until it is smooth.
•
•
•
•
CAUTION
Do not grind the seat too much. Overgrinding will
reduce valve clearance by sinking the valve into the
head. If the valve sinks too far into the head, it will
be impossible to adjust the clearance, and the cylinder head must be replaced.
Widened Width [A] of engagement by machining with
45° cutter
Ground Volume [B] by 32° cutter
32° [C]
Correct Width [D]
Ground Volume [E] by 60° cutter
60° [F]
5-26 ENGINE TOP END
Valves
the outside diameter of the seating surface with
• Measure
a vernier caliper.
If the outside diameter of the seating surface is too small,
repeat the 45° grind [A] until the diameter is within the
specified range.
Original Seating Surface [B]
NOTE
○Remove all pittings of flaws from 45° ground surface.
○After grinding with 45° cutter, apply thin coat of machin-
ist’s dye to seating surface. This makes seating surface
distinct and 32° and 60° grinding operation easier.
○When the valve guide is replaced, be sure to grind with
45° cutter for centering and good contact.
If the outside diameter of the seating surface is too large,
make the 32° grind described below.
If the outside diameter [A] of the seating surface is within
the specified range, measure the seat width as described
below.
Grind the seat at a 32° angle [B] until the seat O.D. is
within the specified range.
○To make the 32° grind, fit a 32° cutter into the holder, and
slide it into the valve guide.
○Turn the holder one turn at a time while pressing down
very lightly. Check the seat after each turn.
•
CAUTION
The 32° cutter removes material very quickly.
Check the seat outside diameter frequently to prevent overgrinding.
○After making the 32° grind, return to the seat O.D. mea-
•
surement step above.
To measure the seat width, use a vernier caliper to measure the width of the 45° angle portion of the seat at several places around the seat.
If the seat width is too narrow, repeat the 45° grind until
the seat is slightly too wide, and then return to the seat
O.D. measurement step above.
If the seat width is too wide, make the 60° [A] grind described below.
If the seat width is within the specified range, lap the valve
to the seat as described below.
Grind the seat at a 60° angle until the seat width is within
the specified range.
○To make the 60° grind, fit 60° cutter into the holder, and
slide it into the valve guide.
○Turn the holder, while pressing down lightly.
○After making the 60° grind, return to the seat width measurement step above.
Correct Width [B]
•
ENGINE TOP END 5-27
Valves
the valve to the seat, once the seat width and O.D.
• Lap
are within the ranges specified above.
○Put a little coarse grinding compound on the face of the
valve in a number of places around the valve head.
○Spin the valve against the seat until the grinding com-
pound produces a smooth, matched surface on both the
seat and the valve.
○Repeat the process with a fine grinding compound.
[A] Lapper
[B] Valve Seat
[C] Valve
The seating area should be marked about in the middle
of the valve face.
If the seat area is not in the right place on the valve, check
to be sure the valve is the correct part. If it is, it may have
been refaced too much; replace it.
Be sure to remove all grinding compound before assembly.
When the engine is assembled, be sure to adjust the valve
clearance (see Engine Top End in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
•
•
•
5-28 ENGINE TOP END
Valves
ENGINE TOP END 5-29
Cylinder, Pistons
Cylinder Removal
• Remove:
Engine (see Engine Removal/Installation chapter)
•
Cylinder Head (see Cylinder Head Removal)
Remove the cylinder.
Cylinder Installation
NOTE
○If a new cylinder is used, use new piston ring.
the pins [A] and new cylinder gasket [B].
• Install
Apply
engine
oil to the cylinder bore.
• Prepare two auxiliary
bolts with their head cut.
• Install the two bolts [C]head
diagonally in the crankcase.
•
piston ring openings must be positioned as shown in
• The
the figure. The openings of the oil ring steel rails must be
about 30 – 40° of angle from the opening of the top ring.
[A] Top Ring
[D] Oil Ring Expander
[B] Second Ring
[E] Lower Oil Ring Steel Rail
[C] Upper Oil Ring Steel Rail [F] Hollow
the crankshaft so that all the piston heads are
• Position
almost level.
the cylinder block [A].
• Install
Auxiliary Head Bolts [B]
•
Pistons [C]
Insert the piston rings with your thumbs.
Piston Removal
the cylinder (see Cylinder Removal).
• Remove
Place
a
clean
cloth under the pistons and remove the pis• ton pin snap ring
[A] from the outside of each piston.
5-30 ENGINE TOP END
Cylinder, Pistons
• Remove the piston pins.
Special Tool - Piston Pin Puller Assembly: 57001-910 [A]
spread the ring opening with your thumbs and
• Carefully
then push up on the opposite side of the ring [A] to remove
•
it.
Remove the 3-piece oil ring with your thumbs in the same
manner.
Piston Installation
NOTE
○If a new piston is used, use new piston ring.
the piston with its marking hollow facing forward.
• Install
a new piston pin snap ring into the side of the piston
• Fit
so that the ring opening [A] does not coincide with the slit
[B] of the piston pin hole.
○When installing the piston pin snap ring, compress it only
enough to install it and no more.
CAUTION
Do not reuse snap rings, as removal weakens and
deforms them.
They could fall out and score the cylinder wall.
the oil ring expander [A] in the bottom piston ring
• Install
groove so the ends [B] butt together.
the oil ring steel rails, one above the expander and
• Install
one below it.
○Spread the rail with your thumbs, but only enough to fit
the rail over the piston.
○Release the rail into the bottom piston ring groove.
NOTE
○The oil ring rails have no “top” or “bottom”.
ENGINE TOP END 5-31
Cylinder, Pistons
not mix up the top and second ring.
• Do
Install
the top ring [A] so that the "R" mark [B] faces up.
• Install the
second ring [C] so that the "RN" mark [D] faces
• up.
Cylinder Wear
there is a difference in cylinder wear in different di• Since
rections, take a side-to-side and a front-to-back measurement at each of the two locations (total of four measurements) shown in the figure.
If any of the cylinder inside diameter measurements exceeds the service limit, replace the cylinder.
[A] 10 mm (0.39 in.)
[B] 60 mm (2.36 in.)
Cylinder Inside Diameter
Standard:
ZX636 68.000 ∼ 68.012 mm (2.677 ∼ 2.678 in.)
ZX600 67.000 ∼ 67.012 mm (2.637 ∼ 2.638 in.)
Service Limit:
ZX636 68.10 mm (2.68 in.)
ZX600 67.10 mm (2.64 in.)
Piston Wear
the outside diameter [A] of each piston 5 mm
• Measure
(0.20 in.) [B] up from the bottom of the piston at a right
angle to the direction of the piston pin.
If the measurement is under service limit, replace the piston.
Piston Diameter
Standard:
ZX636
ZX600
Service Limit:
ZX636
ZX600
67.975 ∼ 67.990 mm (2.676 ∼ 2.677 in.)
66.975 ∼ 66.990 mm (2.636 ∼ 2.637 in.)
67.83 mm (2.67 in.)
66.83 mm (2.63 in.)
5-32 ENGINE TOP END
Cylinder, Pistons
Piston Ring, Piston Ring Groove Wear
for uneven groove wear by inspecting the ring seat• Check
ing.
•
The rings should fit perfectly parallel to groove surfaces.
If not, replace the piston and all the piston rings.
With the piston rings in their grooves, make several measurements with a thickness gauge [A] to determine piston
ring/groove clearance.
Piston Ring/Groove Clearance
Standard
Top
ZX636 0.03 ∼ 0.05 mm
(0.0012 ∼ 0.0020 in.)
ZX600 0.05 ∼ 0.09 mm
(0.0020 ∼ 0.0035 in.)
0.03 ∼ 0.07 mm
Second
(0.0012 ∼ 0.0028 in.)
Service Limit
Top
ZX636 0.15 mm (0.0059 in.)
ZX600 0.19 mm (0.0075 in.)
Second
0.17 mm (0.0067 in.)
Piston Ring Groove Width
the piston ring groove width.
•○Measure
Use a vernier caliper at several points around the piston.
Piston Ring/Groove Width
Standard
Top
ZX636 0.82 ∼ 0.84 mm
(0.0322 ∼ 0.0331 in.)
ZX600 0.84 ∼ 0.86 mm
(0.0331 ∼ 0.0339 in.)
0.82 ∼ 0.84 mm
Second
(0.323 ∼ 0.0331 in.)
Service Limit
Top
ZX636 0.92 mm (0.036 in.)
ZX600 0.94 mm (0.037 in.)
Second
0.92 mm (0.036 in.)
If the width of any of the two grooves is wider than the
service limit at any point, replace the piston.
ENGINE TOP END 5-33
Cylinder, Pistons
Piston Ring Thickness
the piston ring thickness.
•○Measure
Use the micrometer to measure at several points around
the ring.
Piston Ring Thickness
Standard
Top
0.77 ∼ 0.79 mm
Service Limit
0.70 mm (0.028 in.)
(0.0303 ∼ 0.0311 in.)
Second
0.77 ∼ 0.79 mm
0.70 mm (0.028 in.)
(0.0303 ∼ 0.0311 in.)
If any of the measurements is less than the service limit
on either of the rings, replace all the rings.
NOTE
○When using new rings in a used piston, check for uneven groove wear. The rings should fit perfectly parallel
to the groove sides. If not, replace the piston.
Piston Ring End Gap
the piston ring [A] inside the cylinder, using the pis• Place
ton to locate the ring squarely in place. Set it close to the
•
bottom of the cylinder, where cylinder wear is low.
Measure the gap [B] between the ends of the ring with a
thickness gauge.
Piston Ring End Gap
Standard
Top
0.12 ∼ 0.22 mm
Service Limit
0.5 mm (0.020 in.)
(0.0047 ∼ 0.0087 in.)
Second
0.30 ∼ 0.45 mm
0.75 mm (0.031 in.)
(0.0118 ∼ 0.0177 in.)
If the end gap of either ring is greater than the service
limit, replace all the rings.
5-34 ENGINE TOP END
Throttle Valve Holder
Throttle Valve Holder Installation
sure to install the O-rings [A].
• Be
Tighten:
•
Torque - Throttle Body Assembly Holder Bolts [B]: 12 N·m
(1.2 kgf·m, 104 in·lb)
ENGINE TOP END 5-35
Muffler
WARNING
To avoid a serious burn, do not remove the mufflers
when the engine is still hot. Wait until the mufflers
cool down.
Exhaust Pipe Manifold Removal
• Remove:
Lower Fairings (see Frame chapter)
Muffler Body (see Muffler Body Removal)
Radiator [A] (see Cooling System chapter)
Exhaust Pipe Manifold Holder Nuts [B]
Exhaust Pipe Manifold [C]
Exhaust Pipe Manifold Installation
the exhaust pipe manifold gaskets with new
• Replace
ones.
• Tighten:
Torque - Exhaust Pipe Manifold Nut: 17 N·m (1.7 kgf·m, 12
ft·lb)
Exhaust Pipe Clamp Bolt: 17 N·m (1.7 kgf·m, 12
ft·lb)
Muffler Body Bolt: 30 N·m (3.0 kgf·m, 22 ft·lb)
warm up the engine, wait until the engine
• Thoroughly
cools down, and retighten all the bolts and nuts.
Muffler Body Removal
the exhaust pipe manifold clamp bolt [A].
• Remove
the muffler body mounting nut [B].
• Remove
Pull
the
muffler
body backward.
•
Muffler Body Installation
the muffler pipe connection gasket with new
• Replacing
one.
the muffler body and exhaust pipe.
• Install
Tighten:
•
Torque - Exhaust Pipe Manifold Clamp Bolt: 17 N·m (1.7
kgf·m, 12 ft·lb)
Muffler Body Bolt: 30 N·m (3.0 kgf·m, 22 ft·lb)
warm up the engine, wait until the engine
• Thoroughly
cools down, and retighten all the bolts and nuts.
CLUTCH 6-1
Clutch
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Specifications .........................................................................................................................
Special Tool and Sealant ........................................................................................................
Clutch Lever and Cable ..........................................................................................................
Lever Free Play Inspection ...............................................................................................
Lever Free Play Adjustment..............................................................................................
Cable Removal .................................................................................................................
Cable Installation ..............................................................................................................
Cable Lubrication ..............................................................................................................
Clutch Lever Installation....................................................................................................
Clutch Cover...........................................................................................................................
Clutch Cover Removal ......................................................................................................
Clutch Cover Installation ...................................................................................................
Release Shaft Removal ....................................................................................................
Release Shaft Installation .................................................................................................
Clutch .....................................................................................................................................
Clutch Removal.................................................................................................................
Clutch Installation..............................................................................................................
Clutch Plate Assembly Inspection (ZX636).......................................................................
Clutch Plate Assembly Adjustment (ZX636) .....................................................................
Spring Plate Free Play Measurement (ZX600) .................................................................
Spring Plate Play Adjustment (ZX600) .............................................................................
Clutch Plate, Wear, Damage Inspection ...........................................................................
Clutch Plate Warp Inspection............................................................................................
Clutch Spring Free Length Measurement .........................................................................
Damper Cam Inspection (ZX600) .....................................................................................
6-2
6-4
6-5
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-7
6-7
6-7
6-7
6-7
6-8
6-8
6-9
6-12
6-12
6-13
6-14
6-14
6-14
6-15
6-15
6
6-2 CLUTCH
Exploded View
CLUTCH 6-3
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
4
5
Clutch
Clutch
Clutch
Clutch
Clutch
Fastener
lever holder bolts
cover bolts
hub nut
spring bolts
sub hub bolt
N·m
7.8
12
130
8.8
25
No.
Parts
Parts No.
6 Clutch spring holder STD
39108–1152
39108–0001
OPTION
OPTION
39108–0003
CL: Apply cable lubricant.
G: Apply grease.
HG: Apply high-temperature grease.
EO: Apply engine oil.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
M: Apply molybdenum disulfide grease.
R: Replacement Parts
S: Follow the specific tightening sequence.
Torque
kgf·m
0.80
1.2
13.5
0.90
2.5
ft·lb
69 in·lb
104 in·lb
98
78 in·lb
18
Remarks
S
L (2)
L
Remarks
Depth 15 mm (0.59 in.)
Depth 14 mm (0.55 in.)
Depth 13 mm (0.51 in.)
6-4 CLUTCH
Specifications
Item
Standard
Service Limit
Clutch:
Friction plate thickness
Friction and steel plate warp
Clutch spring free length
Clutch plate assembly length
ZX636
ZX600
ZX636
ZX600
2.72 ∼ 2.88 mm (0.107 ∼ 0.113
in.)
0.2 mm (0.008 in.) or less
80.6 mm (3.17 in.)
39.85 mm (1.57 in.)
37.7 ∼ 38.3 mm (1.48 ∼ 1.51 in.)
39.2 mm (1.54 in.)
2.2 mm (0.087 in.)
0.3 mm (0.012 in.)
76.7 mm (3.02 in.)
38.5 mm (1.52 in.)
– – –
– – –
CLUTCH 6-5
Special Tool and Sealant
Clutch Holder:
57001–1243
Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant) :
56019–120
6-6 CLUTCH
Clutch Lever and Cable
Lever Free Play Inspection
○Refer to the Clutch in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Lever Free Play Adjustment
○Refer to the Clutch in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Cable Removal
the right lower fairing (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
the dust cover [A] at the clutch cable lower end out
• Slide
of place.
the nuts [B], and slide the lower end [C] of the
• Loosen
clutch cable to give the cable plenty of play.
in the adjuster.
• Screw
Line
up
slots [A] in the clutch lever [B], and adjuster
• [C], and the
then free the cable from the lever.
Free
the
• lever. clutch inner cable tip from the clutch release
the release lever toward the front of the motorcycle
• Push
and tape the release lever to the clutch cover to prevent
•
the release shaft from falling out.
Pull the clutch cable out of the frame.
Cable Installation
the clutch cable correctly (see Appendix chapter).
• Run
Adjust
clutch cable (see Clutch in the Periodic Main• tenancethechapter).
Cable Lubrication
○Refer to the General Lubrication in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Clutch Lever Installation
the clutch lever so that the punch mark [A] on the
• Install
handlebar is aligned with the mating surface [B] of the
•
clutch lever clamp.
Tighten the upper clamp bolt first, and then the lower
clamp bolt. There will be a gap at the lower part of the
clamp after tightening.
Torque - Clutch Lever Holder Bolts: 7.8 N·m (0.80 kgf·m, 69
in·lb)
CLUTCH 6-7
Clutch Cover
Clutch Cover Removal
the engine oil (see Cooling System in the Periodic
• Drain
Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Right Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Clutch Cable Lower End [A]
Clutch Cover Mounting Bolts [B]
the release lever [A] toward the rear as shown, and
• Turn
remove the clutch cover [B].
[C] about 90°
Clutch Cover Installation
silicone sealant to the area [A] where the mating
• Apply
surface of the crankcase touches the clutch cover gasket.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 56019–120
the cover gasket with a new one.
• Replace
Apply
a
non-permanent
agent to the threads of
• the two clutch cover boltslocking
[B].
Tighten
the
cover
bolts.
•
Torque - Clutch Cover Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104 in·lb)
Release Shaft Removal
CAUTION
Do not remove the clutch release lever and shaft
assembly unless it is absolutely necessary. If removed, the oil seal replacement may be required.
the clutch cover (see Clutch Cover Removal).
• Remove
the lever and shaft assembly straight out of the clutch
• Pull
cover.
Release Shaft Installation
high-temperature grease to the oil seal lips on the
• Apply
upper ridge of the clutch cover.
oil to the bearing in the hole of the clutch cover.
• Apply
Insert
the
release shaft straight into the upper hole of the
• clutch cover.
CAUTION
When inserting the release shaft, be careful not to
remove the spring of the oil seal.
molybdenum disulfide grease to the pusher-holding
• Apply
portion on the release shaft.
6-8 CLUTCH
Clutch
Clutch Removal
the engine oil (see Engine Lubrication System in
• Drain
the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Right Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Clutch Cover (see Clutch Cover Removal)
Clutch Spring Bolts [A]
Clutch Spring Holders
Clutch Springs
Clutch Spring Plate [B] (with thrust bearing and pusher
[C], spring and washer)
Friction Plates, Steel Plates
Spring, Spring Seat (ZX636 only)
Sub Clutch Hub Bolts [A] (ZX600 only)
Clutch Hub Nut [B]
○Holding the (sub) clutch hub [C], remove the nut.
Special Tool - Clutch Holder: 57001-1243 [D]
ZX636:
Remove:
Washer
Clutch Hub
ZX600:
Remove:
Torque Limiter Springs [E]
Collar
Sub Clutch Hub
Clutch Hub
Spacer
•
•
the two 4 mm screws [A], pull out the sleeve [B],
• Using
needle bearing [C] and clutch housing [D].
• Remove the spacer.
CLUTCH 6-9
Clutch
Clutch Installation
the clutch plate assembly length (see Clutch Plate
• Inspect
Assembly Inspection).
the following parts on the drive shaft.
• Install
[A] Spacer
[B] Sleeve
[C] Needle Bearing
[D] Clutch Housing
[E] Spacer
[F] Clutch Hub
[G] Washer
[H] Nut
[I] Sub Clutch Hub
[J] Collar
[K] Torque Limiter Springs
○Install the spacer [A] so that the stepped side [B] faces
inward.
6-10 CLUTCH
Clutch
ZX636:
○Install the washer [A] so that the OUT SIDE [B] mark faces
outward.
ZX600:
○Install the collar [A] so that the groove [B] faces outward.
ZX600:
Pile up the four torque limiter springs [A] so that the spring
tongues [B] does not faces same direction in the sub
clutch hub [C].
Apply a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
sub clutch hub bolts.
Tighten:
•
•
•
Torque - Sub Clutch Hub Bolts: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
○Replace the clutch hub nut with a new one.
○Holding the clutch hub, tighten the clutch hub nut.
Special Tool - Clutch Holder: 57001-1243
Torque - Clutch Hub Nut: 130 N·m (13.5 kgf·m, 98 ft·lb)
ZX636:
Install the spring seat [A] and spring [B] as shown.
[C] Clutch Hub
•
CLUTCH 6-11
Clutch
the friction plates and steel plates, starting with a
• Install
friction plate and alternating them.
CAUTION
If new dry friction plates and steel plates are installed, apply engine oil to the surfaces of each
plate to avoid clutch plate seizure.
○Install
the last friction plate [A] fitting the tangs in the
grooves in the housing as shown.
ZX636:
Apply molybdenum disulfide grease to the pusher end
[A] and install the bearing [B], pusher [C] spring [D] and
washer [E] in the clutch spring plate [F].
•
ZX600:
Apply molybdenum disulfide grease to the pusher end [A]
and install the shim [B], bearing [C], pusher [D] and spring
[E] in the clutch spring plate [F].
•
the clutch spring plate, spring and spring holders,
• Install
and tighten the clutch spring bolts.
Torque - Clutch Spring Bolts: 8.8 N·m (0.90 kgf·m, 78 in·lb)
• Install the clutch cover (see Clutch Cover Installation).
6-12 CLUTCH
Clutch
Clutch Plate Assembly Inspection (ZX636)
the friction plate thickness (see Clutch Plate,
• Inspect
Wear, Damage Inspection).
the length [A] of the clutch plate assembly as
• Measure
shown.
ZX636:
○Assemble:
Clutch Hub [B]
Spring Seat [C]
Spring [D]
Friction Plate [E]
Steel Plate [F]
Spring Plate [G]
Springs [H]
Spring Holders [I]
Spring Bolts [J]
Torque - Clutch Spring Bolts: 8.8 N·m (0.90 kgf·m, 78 in·lb)
Clutch Plate Assembly
Standard:
37.7 ∼ 38.3 mm (1.48 ∼ 1.51 in.)
If the length is not within the specified range, adjust the
length (see Clutch Plate Assembly Adjustment).
Clutch Plate Assembly Adjustment (ZX636)
the clutch plate assembly length, and then re• Inspect
place the steel plate(s) which brings the length within the
specified range.
○Remove:
Spring Bolts
Spring Holders
Springs
Spring Plate
○Replace the following steel plate(s).
Part No.
13089–1126
13089–013
13089–1073
Thickness
1.4 mm (0.055 in.)
1.6 mm (0.063 in.) (STD)
2.0 mm (0.079 in.)
NOTE
○Do not use the steel plate of 1.4 mm (0.055 in.) and 2.0
mm (0.0079 in.) thickness at the same time.
the removed parts, and inspect the clutch plate as• Install
sembly length.
Torque - Clutch Spring Bolts: 8.8 N·m (0.90 kgf·m, 78 in·lb)
CLUTCH 6-13
Clutch
Spring Plate Free Play Measurement (ZX600)
Insufficient clutch free play will cause the engine braking
effect to be more sudden, resulting in rear wheel hop. On
the other hand, if the free play is excessive, the clutch lever
may feel “spongy” or pulsate when pulled.
Hold an extra drive shaft in a vise and install the following
clutch parts on the shaft.
[A] Spacer
[B] Needle Bearing
[C] Bushing
[D] Clutch Housing
[E] Spacer
[F] Clutch Hub
[G] Sub Clutch Hub
[H] Friction Plates
[I] Steel Plates
[J] Spring Plate
•
the cam followers (Clutch Hub) with the cams
• Engage
(Sub Clutch Hub).
measure the free play, set a dial gauge [A] against the
• To
raised center [B] of the clutch spring plate.
the clutch housing gear back and forth [C]. The dif• Move
ference between the highest and lowest gauge readings
•
is the amount of free play.
[D] Drive Shaft
Measure the spring plate free play (see Spring Plate Free
Play Measurement).
Spring Plate Free Play
Usable range:
0.05 ∼ 0.35 mm (0.002 ∼ 0.014 in.)
If the free play is not within the usable range, change all
of the friction plate.
6-14 CLUTCH
Clutch
Spring Plate Play Adjustment (ZX600)
○Apply a non permanent locking agent to the thread of sub
•
clutch hub bolts.
Assemble the following parts so that the clutch plate assembly length [A] is specified length.
Clutch Hub [B]
Sub Clutch Hub [C]
Sub Clutch Hub Bolts[D]
Friction Plate [E]
Steel Plate [F]
Spring Plate [G]
Springs [H]
Spring Holders [I]
Spring Bolts [J]
○Replace the following steel plate(s).
Part No.
13089–1126
13089–013
13089–1073
Thickness
1.4 mm (0.055 in.)
1.6 mm (0.063 in.) (STD)
2.0 mm (0.079 in.)
NOTE
○Do not use the steel plate of 1.4 mm (0.055 in.) and 2.0
mm (0.079 in.) thickness at the same time.
Torque - Sub Clutch Hub Bolts: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
Clutch Spring Bolts: 8.8 N·m (0.90 kgf·m, 78 in·lb)
Clutch Plate Assembly
Standard:
39.2 mm (1.54 in.)
Clutch Plate, Wear, Damage Inspection
inspect the friction and steel plates for signs of
• Visually
seizure, overheating (discoloration), or uneven wear.
the thickness of each friction plate [A] at several
• Measure
points.
If any plates show signs of damage, or if they have worn
past the service limit, replace them with new ones.
Friction Plate Thickness
Standard:
2.72 ∼ 2.88 mm (0.107 ∼ 0.113 in.)
Service Limit:
2.2 mm (0.087 in.)
Clutch Plate Warp Inspection
each friction plate or steel plate on a surface plate
• Place
and measure the gap between the surface plate [A] and
each friction plate or steel plate [B] with a thickness gauge
[C]. The gap is the amount of friction or steel plate warp.
If any plate is warped over the service limit, replace it with
a new one.
Friction and Steel Plate Warp
Standard:
0.2 mm (0.008 in.) or less
Service Limit:
0.3 mm (0.012 in.)
CLUTCH 6-15
Clutch
Clutch Spring Free Length Measurement
the free length of the clutch springs [A].
• Measure
If any spring is shorter than the service limit, it must be
replaced.
Clutch Spring Free Length
Standard:
ZX636
Service Limit:
80.6 mm (3.17 in.)
ZX600
39.85 mm (1.57 in.)
ZX636
76.7 mm (3.02 in.)
ZX600
38.5 mm (1.52 in.)
Damper Cam Inspection (ZX600)
the clutch (see Clutch Removal).
• Remove
Visually
inspect
damper cam [A], cam follower [B], and
• the torque limiterthespring
[C].
Replace
the
part
if
it
appears
damaged.
•
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-1
Engine Lubrication System
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Engine Oil Flow Chart.............................................................................................................
Specifications .........................................................................................................................
Special Tools and Sealant ......................................................................................................
Engine Oil and Oil Filter..........................................................................................................
Oil Level Inspection...........................................................................................................
Engine Oil Change............................................................................................................
Oil Filter Replacement ......................................................................................................
Oil Pan....................................................................................................................................
Oil Pan Removal ...............................................................................................................
Oil Pan Installation ............................................................................................................
Oil Pressure Relief Valve........................................................................................................
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Removal ...................................................................................
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Installation ................................................................................
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Inspection.................................................................................
Oil Pump.................................................................................................................................
Oil Pump Removal ............................................................................................................
Oil Pump Installation .........................................................................................................
Oil Pump Drive Gear Removal..........................................................................................
Oil Pump Drive Gear Installation.......................................................................................
Oil Cooler................................................................................................................................
Oil Cooler Removal...........................................................................................................
Oil Cooler Installation........................................................................................................
Oil Pressure Measurement.....................................................................................................
Oil Pressure Measurement ...............................................................................................
Oil Pressure Switch ................................................................................................................
Oil Pressure Switch Removal ...........................................................................................
Oil Pressure Switch Installation ........................................................................................
7-2
7-4
7-5
7-6
7-7
7-7
7-7
7-7
7-8
7-8
7-8
7-9
7-9
7-9
7-9
7-10
7-10
7-10
7-11
7-11
7-12
7-12
7-12
7-13
7-13
7-14
7-14
7-14
7
7-2 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Exploded View
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
N·m
1 Oil jet nozzle bolts
6.9
2 Oil pressure switch
15
3 Oil pressure switch terminal bolt
1.5
4 Oil pipe holder bolts
12
5 Oil passage plug
15
6 Oil filler plug
1.5
7 Cooling hose clamp
2
8 Oil cooler bolt
78
9 Impeller bolt
9.8
10 Water pump cover bolts
12
11 Coolant drain plug
9.8
12 Oil pressure relief valve
15
13 Oil filter
31
14 Oil filter clamp bolt
5.9
15 Engine drain plug
29
16 Oil pan bolts
9.8
SS: Apply silicone sealant.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
R: Replacement Parts
G: Apply grease.
EO: Apply engine oil.
W: Apply water.
MO: Apply molybdenum disulfide oil solution.
Torque
kgf·m
0.70
1.5
0.15
1.2
1.5
0.15
0.20
8.0
1.0
1.2
1.0
1.5
3.2
0.60
3.0
1.0
ft·lb
61 in·lb
11
13 in·lb
104 in·lb
11
13 in·lb
17 in·lb
58
87 in·lb
104 in·lb
87 in·lb
11
23
52 in·lb
22
87 in·lb
Remarks
L
SS
G
R
L
L
R,EO
7-4 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Engine Oil Flow Chart
1. Oil Pan
2. Oil Screen
3. Oil Pump
4. Relief Valve
5. Oil Filter
6. Oil Cooler
7. Crankshaft
8. To Connecting Rod Journals
9. Starter Clutch Gear
10. Alternator Rotor
11. Starter Clutch Oil Passage Hole
12. Drive Shaft
13. Output Shaft
14. Oil Pressure Switch
15. Cylinder Head
16. Camshaft Cap
17. Camshaft
18. Oil Passage
19. Oil Pipe
20. Oil Drain Plug
21. Oil Jet Nozzles
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-5
Specifications
Item
Engine Oil:
Type
Viscosity
Capacity
Level
Oil Pressure Measurement:
Oil pressure @4 000 r/min (rpm),
oil temp. 90°C (194°F)
Standard
API SE, SF or SG
API SH or SJ with JASO MA
SAE 10W-40
3.4 L (3.6 US qt, when filter is not removed)
3.6 L (3.8 US qt, when filter is removed)
4.0 L (4.2 US qt, when engine is completely dry)
Between upper and lower level lines
140 ∼ 200 kPa (1.4 ∼ 2.0 kgf/cm², 207 ∼ 29 psi)
7-6 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Special Tools and Sealant
Outside Circlip Pliers:
57001–144
Oil Pressure Gauge Adapter, M18 × 1.5:
57001–1278
Oil Pressure Gauge, 10 kgf/cm²:
57001–164
Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant):
56019–120
Oil Filter Wrench:
57001–1249
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-7
Engine Oil and Oil Filter
WARNING
Motorcycle operation with insufficient, deteriorated, or contaminated engine oil will cause
accelerated wear and may result in engine or transmission seizure, accident, and injury.
Oil Level Inspection
that the engine oil level is between the upper [A]
• Check
and lower [B] levels in the gauge.
NOTE
○Situate the motorcycle so that it is perpendicular to the
ground.
○If the motorcycle has just been used, wait several minutes for all the oil to drain down.
○If the oil has just been changed, start the engine and
run it for several minutes at idle speed. This fills the oil
filter with oil. Stop the engine, then wait several minutes
until the oil settles.
CAUTION
Racing the engine before the oil reaches every part
can cause engine seizure.
If the engine oil gets extremely low or if the oil pump
or oil passages clog up or otherwise do not function
properly, the oil pressure warning light will light. If
this light stays on when the engine is running above
idle speed, stop the engine immediately and find the
cause.
Engine Oil Change
○Refer to the Engine Lubrication System in the Periodic
Maintenance chapter.
Oil Filter Replacement
○Refer to the Engine Lubrication System in the Periodic
Maintenance chapter.
7-8 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Oil Pan
Oil Pan Removal
the Engine Oil (see Engine Lubrication System in
• Drain
the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Muffler (see Engine Top End chapter)
Oil Pan Bolts [A]
Oil Pan [B]
Oil Pan Installation
the oil screen [A].
• Clean
Install
the
screen so that the crankcase rib [B] fits the
• slot [C] of oil
the oil screen.
grease to the O-rings on the oil pipes [A].
• Apply
If the relief valve was removed, install it.
○Apply a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
the relief valve [B], and tighten it.
Torque - Oil Pressure Relief Valve: 15 N·m (1.5 kgf·m, 11
ft·lb)
CAUTION
Do not apply too much non-permanent locking
agent to the threads. This may block the oil passage.
the oil pan gasket with a new one.
• Replace
Tighten:
•
Torque - Oil Pan Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87 in·lb)
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-9
Oil Pressure Relief Valve
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Removal
• See Oil Pan Removal.
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Installation
• See Oil Pan Installation.
Oil Pressure Relief Valve Inspection
to see if the valve [A] slides smoothly when push• Check
ing it in with a wooden or other soft rod, and see if it comes
back to its seat by spring [B] pressure.
NOTE
○Inspect the valve in its assembled state.
Disassembly
and assembly may change the valve performance.
If any rough spots are found during above inspection,
wash the valve clean with a high-flash point solvent and
blow out any foreign particles that may be in the valve with
compressed air.
WARNING
Clean the relief valve in a well-ventilated area, and
take care that there is no spark or flame anywhere
near the working area. Because of the danger of
highly flammable liquids, do not use gasoline or low
-flash point solvent.
If cleaning does not solve the problem, replace the relief
valve as an assembly. The relief valve is precision made
with no allowance for replacement of individual parts.
7-10 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Oil Pump
Oil Pump Removal
• Drain:
Coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic Mainte•
nance chapter)
Engine Oil (see Engine Lubrication System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter)
Remove:
Water Hoses [A]
Bolts [B] and Water Pump Cover [C]
Impeller Bolt [A]
Impeller [B]
Water Pump Body [A]
Oil Pump Cover [B]
Oil (Water) Pump Shaft [C]
Outer Rotor [D] and Inner Rotor [E]
NOTE
○The oil (water) pump assembly can easily be removed
by installing water pump cover bolt [F] into the oil (water)
pump shaft and pulling them.
Oil Pump Installation
the outer rotor [A] in to the crankcase.
• Install
Install
the
• [D]. pin [B], inner rotor [C] and oil (water) pump shaft
○Turn the pump shaft so that the slot [E] in its shaft fits onto
the projection [F] of the pump drive gear shaft.
the pin [A] of the oil pump cover [B] into the hole [C] in
• Fit
the crankcase.
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-11
Oil Pump
• Install:
Pins [A]
Water Pump Body [B]
coolant to the surface of the rubber seal on the
• Apply
impeller.
• Install the impeller [A] and bolt [B].
Torque - Impeller Bolt: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87 in·lb)
•
Pins [C]
Water Pump Cover [D]
Apply a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
the water pump cover bolts, and tighten them.
Torque - Water Pump Cover Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104
in·lb)
Oil Pump Drive Gear Removal
• Remove:
Clutch (see Clutch chapter)
Oil Pan (see Oil Pan Removal)
Circlip [A] and Washer [B]
Special Tool - Circlip Pliers: 57001–144
• Pull the oil pump drive gear [A].
Oil Pump Drive Gear Installation
the circlip [A] into the groove [B] of the oil pump
• Install
drive gear shaft.
Special Tool - Circlip Pliers: 57001–144
7-12 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Oil Cooler
Oil Cooler Removal
• Remove:
Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
• Drain:
Engine Oil (see Engine Lubrication System in the Peri•
•
•
odic Maintenance chapter)
Coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter)
Remove the oil filter (see Engine Lubrication System in
the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Remove the oil cooler hoses [A] from the oil cooler.
Unscrew the oil cooler bolt [B] from the crankcase, and
remove the oil cooler [C].
Oil Cooler Installation
the oil cooler bolt with a new one.
• Replace
off any oil or dirt on internal threads of oil cooler
• Clean
bolt in crankcase.
• Apply grease to the O-ring [A] before installation.
the oil cooler so that the crankcase rib [A] fits the
• Install
slot [B] of the oil cooler plate.
• Tighten:
Torque - Oil Cooler Bolt: 78 N·m (8.0 kgf·m, 58 ft·lb)
• Pour:
Engine Oil (see Engine Lubrication System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter)
Coolant (see Cooling System chapter)
ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM 7-13
Oil Pressure Measurement
Oil Pressure Measurement
the lower fairing (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Remove
the oil passage plug, and attach the gauge [A]
• and adapter
[B] to the plug hole.
Special Tools - Oil Pressure Gauge, 10 kgf/cm²: 57001-164
Oil Pressure Gauge Adapter, M18 × 1.5:
57001-1278
the engine and warm up the engine.
• Start
Run
the
at the specified speed, and read the oil
• pressureengine
gauge.
If the oil pressure is much lower than the standard, check
the oil pump, oil pump relief valve, and/or crankshaft bearing insert wear immediately.
If the reading is much higher than the standard, check the
oil passage for clogging.
Oil Pressure
Standard:
140 ∼ 200 kPa (1.4 ∼ 2.0 kgf/cm², 20 ∼ 29
psi) @4 000 r/min (rpm), oil temp. 90°C
(194 °F)
the engine.
• Stop
Remove
the oil pressure gauge and adapter.
•
WARNING
Take care against burns form hot engine oil that
will drain through the oil passage when the gauge
adapter is removed.
• Install the oil passage plug.
Torque - Oil Passage Plug (Right): 15 N·m (1.5 kgf·m, 11
ft·lb)
7-14 ENGINE LUBRICATION SYSTEM
Oil Pressure Switch
Oil Pressure Switch Removal
the engine oil (see Engine Lubrication System in
• Drain
the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Right Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Switch Cover [A]
Switch Terminal [B]
Oil Pressure Switch [C]
Oil Pressure Switch Installation
silicone sealant to the threads of the oil pressure
• Apply
switch and tighten it.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 56019-120
Torque - Oil Pressure Switch: 15 N·m (1.5 kgf·m, 11 ft·lb)
• Tighten:
Torque - Oil Pressure Switch Terminal Bolt: 1.5 N·m (0.15
kgf·m, 13 in·lb)
• Apply grease to the terminal.
ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION 8-1
Engine Removal/Installation
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Special Tools ..........................................................................................................................
Engine Removal/Installation ...................................................................................................
Engine Removal................................................................................................................
Engine Installation.............................................................................................................
8-2
8-4
8-5
8-5
8-7
8
8-2 ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION
Exploded View
ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION 8-3
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
4
Fastener
Engine mounting bolts
Engine mounting locknuts
Engine mounting nuts
Engine mounting adjusting bolts
N·m
44
49
44
20
Torque
kgf·m
4.5
5.0
4.5
2.0
ft·lb
33
36
33
14
Remarks
S
S
8-4 ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION
Special Tools
Jack:
57001–1238
Engine Mount Nut Wrench:
57001–1450
ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION 8-5
Engine Removal/Installation
Engine Removal
the brake lever slowly and hold it with a band
• Squeeze
[A].
WARNING
Be sure to hold the front brake when removing the
engine, or the motorcycle may fall over. It could
cause an accident and injury.
CAUTION
Be sure to hold the front brake when removing the
engine, or the motorcycle may fall over. The engine
or the motorcycle could be damaged.
• Drain:
Engine Oil (see Engine Lubrication System in the Peri•
odic Maintenance chapter)
Coolant (see Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter)
Remove:
Lower Fairings (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Air Cleaner Housing (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Throttle Body Assembly (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Radiator [A] (see Cooling System chapter)
Clutch Cable Lower End [B] (see Clutch chapter)
Muffler [C] (see Engine Top End chapter)
Shift Pedal [A]
Reserve Tank [B]
Speed Sensor [C]
Engine Sprocket (see Final Drive chapter)
8-6 ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION
Engine Removal/Installation
off the connectors from the engine and free the wiring
• Pull
from the clamps.
Pickup Coil Lead Connector [A]
Battery Ground Lead [B]
Starter Motor Lead [C]
Alternator Lead Connector [D]
Side Stand Switch Lead Connector [E]
Speed Sensor Connector [F]
Regulator/Rectifier Lead Connector [G]
Stick Coil Harness Connector [A]
• Support the rear part of the frame on the jack.
Special Tool - Jack: 57001-1238
• Remove:
Water Hoses [A]
the engine with a suitable stand [A].
• Support
Remove
engine mounting bolts and nuts [B].
• Loosen thethelocknuts
and adjusting bolts [C].
•
Special Tool - Engine Mount Nut Wrench: 57001–1450
the drive chain from the output shaft.
• Remove
• Using the stand, take out the engine.
ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION 8-7
Engine Removal/Installation
Engine Installation
the engine with a suitable stand.
• Support
Hang
the
chain over the output shaft just before
• moving thedrive
engine into its final position in the frame.
Screw
the
adjusting
bolts [A], [B], [C] into the frame.
• Insert the lower mounting
[D] from the left side.
• Insert the upper mountingbolt
bolts
[E] and [F] from the left
• and right side individually.
the collar [G] and insert the middle mounting bolts [H]
• Set
from the left side.
8-8 ENGINE REMOVAL/INSTALLATION
Engine Removal/Installation
the adjusting bolt [A], [B] until the clearance [X], [Y]
• Turn
between the crankcase and frame come to zero mm (zero
in.).
Torque - Engine Mounting Adjusting Bolt: 20 N·m (2.0
kgf·m, 14 ft·lb)
the engine mounting bolts [E], [D], [H] with spec• Tighten
ified torque.
○Tightening order is engine mounting bolts [E], [H] to [D].
Torque - Engine Mounting Bolts: 44 N·m (4.5 kgf·m, 33 ft·lb)
out the engine mounting bolt [F] temporarily, and turn
• Pull
the adjusting bolt [C] until the clearance [Z] between the
•
adjusting bolt and cylinder come to zero mm (zero in.) by
hand.
Insert the bolt [F] into engine mounting hole, and tighten
the bolt and locknut [K], [J] with specified torque
Torque - Engine Mounting Bolts: 44 N·m (4.5 kgf·m, 33 ft·lb)
Engine Mounting Locknut: 49 N·m (5.0 kgf·m, 36
ft·lb)
Special Tool - Engine Mount Nut Wrench: 57001–1450
the leads, cables and hoses correctly (see Cable,
• Run
Wire and Hose Routing section in Appendix chapter).
the removed parts (see appropriate chapters).
• Install
• Adjust:
Throttle Cables (see Fuel System (DFI) in the Periodic
•
•
Maintenance chapter)
Choke Cable (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Clutch Cable (see Clutch chapter)
Drive Chain (see Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter)
Fill the engine with engine oil (see Engine Lubrication
System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Fill the engine with coolant and bleed the air from the cooling system (see Cooling System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-1
Crankshaft / Transmission
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Specifications .........................................................................................................................
Special Tools and Sealant ......................................................................................................
Crankcase Splitting.................................................................................................................
Crankcase Splitting ...........................................................................................................
Crankcase Assembly ........................................................................................................
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods...........................................................................................
Crankshaft Removal .........................................................................................................
Crankshaft Installation ......................................................................................................
Connecting Rod Removal .................................................................................................
Connecting Rod Installation ..............................................................................................
Crankshaft/Connecting Rod Cleaning...............................................................................
Connecting Rod Bend.......................................................................................................
Connecting Rod Twist .......................................................................................................
Connecting Rod Big End Side Clearance .........................................................................
Connecting Rod Big End Bearing Insert/Crankpin Wear ..................................................
Crankshaft Side Clearance ...............................................................................................
Crankshaft Runout ............................................................................................................
Crankshaft Main Bearing Insert/Journal Wear ..................................................................
Starter Motor Clutch ...............................................................................................................
Starter Motor Clutch Removal/Installation ........................................................................
Starter Motor Clutch Inspection ........................................................................................
Starter Motor Clutch Disassembly ....................................................................................
Starter Motor Clutch Assembly .........................................................................................
Transmission ..........................................................................................................................
Shift Pedal Removal .........................................................................................................
Shift Pedal Installation ......................................................................................................
External Shift Mechanism Removal ..................................................................................
External Shift Mechanism Installation ...............................................................................
External Shift Mechanism Inspection................................................................................
Transmission Shaft Removal ............................................................................................
Transmission Shaft Installation .........................................................................................
Transmission Shaft Disassembly ......................................................................................
Transmission Shaft Assembly...........................................................................................
Shift Drum and Fork Removal...........................................................................................
Shift Drum and Fork Installation........................................................................................
Shift Drum Disassembly....................................................................................................
Shift Drum Assembly ........................................................................................................
Shift Fork Bending ............................................................................................................
Shift Fork/Gear Groove Wear ...........................................................................................
Shift Fork Guide Pin/Drum Groove Wear..........................................................................
Gear Dog and Gear Dog Hole Damage............................................................................
9-2
9-6
9-8
9-9
9-9
9-9
9-12
9-12
9-12
9-12
9-12
9-16
9-16
9-16
9-16
9-17
9-18
9-19
9-19
9-21
9-21
9-21
9-21
9-21
9-22
9-22
9-22
9-22
9-22
9-23
9-23
9-23
9-24
9-24
9-26
9-26
9-26
9-27
9-27
9-27
9-28
9-28
9
9-2 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Exploded View
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-3
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Fastener
Connecting rod big end nuts
Starter motor clutch bolts
Upper crankcase bolts (7 mm)
Upper crankcase bolts (6 mm)
Lower crankcase bolts (7 mm)
Lower crankcase bolts (7 mm)
Lower crankcase bolts (6 mm)
Oil jet nozzle bolts
Oil pipe holder bolt
Shift drum bearing holder bolt
Shift drum bearing holder screw
Oil passage plug (Right)
Oil pressure switch
Oil passage plug (Left)
Breather plate bolts
Timing rotor bolts
Crankshaft sensor cover bolts
Harness clamp bolt
N·m
See the text
33
20
12
24
27
12
6.9
12
12
4.9
15
15
20
9.8
44
9.8
8.8
D: Do not apply any grease or oil.
G: Apply grease.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
M: Apply molybdenum disulfide grease.
SS: Apply silicone sealant.
LG: Apply liquid gasket (Kawasaki Bond: 92104–1064).
MO: Apply molybdenum disulfide oil solution.
R: Replacement Parts
S: Follow the specific tightening sequence.
Torque
kgf·m
ft·lb
Remarks
3.4
2.0
1.2
2.4
2.8
1.2
24
14.5
104 in·lb
18
20
104 in·lb
L
S
S
S
S
0.70
1.2
1.2
0.50
1.5
1.5
2.0
1.0
4.5
1.0
0.90
61 in·lb
104 in·lb
104 in·lb
43 in·lb
11
11
14.5
87 in·lb
33
87 in·lb
78 in·lb
S
L
L
SS
L
L
L (1)
L
9-4 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Exploded View
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-5
Exploded View
No.
1
2
3
4
Fastener
Shift drum cam holder bolt
Neutral switch
Gear positioning lever bolt
Shift shaft return spring pin
G: Apply grease.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
EO: Apply engine oil.
R: Replacement Parts
N·m
12
15
9.8
28
Torque
kgf·m
1.2
1.5
1.0
2.9
ft·lb
104 in·lb
11
87 in·lb
21
Remarks
L
L
9-6 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Specifications
Item
Standard
Service Limit
Crankshaft, Connecting Rods:
Connecting rod big end side clearance 0.13 ∼ 0.33 mm
0.5 mm (0.020 in.)
(0.0051 ∼ 0.00130 in.)
Connecting rod big end bearing insert/ 0.035 ∼ 0.064 mm (0.0014 ∼ 0.0025 0.10 mm (0.004 in.)
crankpin clearance
in.)
Crankpin diameter:
29.984 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1805 ∼
29.97 mm (1.18 in.)
1.1811 in.)
Marking
29.984 ∼ 29.994 mm (1.1805 ∼
– – –
None
1.1809 in.)
29.995 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1809
– – –
∼1.1811 in.)
Connecting rod big end bore diameter: 33.000 ∼ 33.016 mm (1.2992 ∼
– – –
1.2998 in.)
Marking
33.000 ∼ 33.008 mm (1.2992 ∼
– – –
None
1.2995 in.)
– – –
33.009 ∼ 33.016 mm (1.2996 ∼
1.2998 in.)
Connecting rod big end bearing
insert thickness:
1.475 ∼ 1.480 mm (0.0581 ∼ 0.0583
– – –
Pink
in.)
1.480 ∼ 1.485 mm (0.0583 ∼ 0.0585
– – –
Brown
in.)
1.485 ∼ 1.490 mm (0.0585 ∼ 0.0587
– – –
Black
in.)
Connecting rod big end bearing insert selection:
Con-rod Big End
Bore Diameter
Marking
None
None
Crankpin
Diameter
Marking
Bearing Insert
None
Size Color
Pink
Brown
Part Number
92028-1880
92028-1879
None
Black
92028-1878
Crankshaft side clearance
Crankshaft runout
0.05 ∼ 0.15 mm (0.002 ∼ 0.006 in.)
TIR 0.02 mm (0.0008 in.) or less
0.35 mm (0.014 in.)
TIR 0.05 mm (0.002
in.)
Crankshaft main bearing insert/journal 0.031 ∼ 0.059 mm (0.0012 ∼ 0.0023 0.10 mm (0.0039 in.)
clearance
in.)
Crankshaft main journal diameter:
29.984 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1805 ∼
29.96 mm (1.18 in.)
1.1811 in.)
Marking
– – –
29.984 ∼ 29.994 mm (1.1805 ∼
None
1.1809 in.)
29.995 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1809 ∼
– – –
1
1.1811 in.)
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-7
Specifications
Item
Crankcase main bearing bore
diameter:
Marking
None
33.000
1.2998
33.000
1.2995
33.009
1.2998
Standard
∼ 33.016 mm (1.2992 ∼
in.)
∼ 33.008 mm (1.2992 ∼
in.)
∼ 33.016 mm (1.2996 ∼
in.)
Service Limit
– – –
– – –
– – –
Crankshaft main bearing insert
thickness:
1.491 ∼ 1.495 mm (0.0587 ∼ 0.0589
in.)
1.495 ∼ 1.499 mm (0.0589 ∼ 0.0590
Black
in.)
1.499 ∼ 1.503 mm (0.0590 ∼ 0.0592
Blue
in.)
Crankshaft main bearing insert selection:
Brown
Crankcase
Main Bearing
Bore Diameter
Marking
Crankshaft
Main Journal
Diameter
Marking
– – –
– – –
– – –
Bearing Insert*
Size Color
Brown
Part Number
Journal Nos.
1
92028-1883
3, 5
92028-1886
1, 2, 4
None
1
Black
92028-1882
3, 5
None
92028-1885
1, 2, 4
None
None
Blue
92028-1881
3, 5
92028-1884
1, 2, 4
*The bearing inserts for Nos. 1, 2 and 4 journals have an oil groove, respectively.
Transmission:
Shift fork ear thickness
5.9 ∼ 6.0 mm (0.232 ∼ 0.236 in.)
5.8 mm (0.228 in.)
Gear groove width
6.05 ∼ 6.15 mm (0.238 ∼ 0.242 in.) 6.25 mm (0.246 in.)
Shift fork guide pin diameter
5.9 ∼ 6.0 mm (0.232 ∼ 0.236 in.)
5.8 mm (0.228 in.)
Shift drum groove width
6.05 ∼ 6.20 mm (0.238 ∼ 0.244 in.) 6.3 mm (0.248 in.)
9-8 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Special Tools and Sealant
Bearing Puller:
57001–135
Flywheel & Pulley Holder:
57001–1343
Outside Circlip Pliers:
57001–144
Kawasaki Bond (Liquid Gasket – gray):
92104–1064
Bearing Puller Adapter:
57001–317
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-9
Crankcase Splitting
Crankcase Splitting
the engine (see Engine Removal/Installation
• Remove
chapter).
the engine on a clean surface and hold the engine
• Set
steady while parts are being removed.
• Remove:
Crankshaft Sensor (see Electrical System chapter)
Clutch (see Clutch chapter)
External Shift Mechanism (see External Shift Mechanism Removal)
Starter Motor (see Electrical System chapter)
Oil Pump (see Engine Lubrication System chapter)
Alternator Rotor (see Electrical System chapter)
Oil Filter (see Engine Lubrication System chapter)
Oil Cooler (see Engine Lubrication System chapter)
•
If the crankshaft is to be removed, remove the pistons
(see Engine Top End chapter).
Hold the timing rotor [A] steady with the holder [B], and
remove the timing rotor bolt [C] and the rotor.
Special Tool - Flywheel & Pulley Holder: 57001–1343
the upper crankcase bolts.
•○Remove
First loosen the 6 mm bolts.
6 mm Bolts [A]
7 mm Bolts [B]
the engine upside down.
• Turn
Remove
oil pan, oil screen and oil pipes (see Engine
• LubricationtheSystem
chapter).
the lower crankcase bolts and brackets.
•○Remove
First loosen the 6 mm bolts.
•
6 mm Bolts [A]
7 mm Bolts [B]
Tap lightly around the crankcase mating surface with a
plastic mallet, and split the crankcase. Take care not to
damage the crankcase.
Crankcase Assembly
NOTE
○The upper and lower crankcase halves are machined
at the factory in the assembled state, so the crankcase
halves must be replaced as a set.
a high-flash point solvent, clean off the mating sur• With
faces of the crankcases halves and wipe dry.
compressed air, blow out the oil passages in the
• Using
crankcase halves.
9-10 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Crankcase Splitting
silicone sealant to the breather plate mating surface
• Apply
[A] 1 to 1.5 mm (0.04 to 0.06 in.) thick, and wait until
sealant dries.
Sealant - Three Bond #1207B and/or equivalent
the breather plate [B], and apply a non-permanent
• Install
locking agent to the threads and tighten the bolts [A].
Torque - Breather Plate Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87 in·lb)
the oil jet nozzles [A].
• Install
Apply
a
locking agent to the threads of oil
• jet nozzlenon-permanent
bolts.
• Tighten:
Torque - Oil Jet Nozzle Bolts: 6.9 N·m (0.70 kgf·m, 61 in·lb)
• Install:
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
Camshaft Chain [A]
Transmission Shaft and Gears
Dowel Pins [B]
Shift Drum
Shift Forks and Shift Rods
Before fitting the lower case on the upper case, check the
following.
○Be sure to hang the camshaft chain on the crankshaft.
○Check to see that the shift drum and transmission gears
are in the neutral position.
•
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-11
Crankcase Splitting
liquid gasket [A] to the mating surface of the lower
• Apply
crankcase half.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Liquid Gasket – gray):
92104–1064
NOTE
○Especially, apply a sealant carefully so that it shall be
filled up on the grooves.
CAUTION
Do not apply silicone sealant around the crankshaft
main bearing inserts, and oil passage holes.
the lower crankcase bolts, using the following
• Tighten
steps.
7 mm bolts shown [A] has a copper plated washer.
• The
Replace it with a new one.
○Apply molybdenum disulfide oil to both side of the 7 mm
bolt washers, bolt threads and seating surfaces of the
washers and bolts.
○Following the sequence numbers on the lower crankcase
half, tighten the 7 mm bolts [1 ∼ 10].
Torque - Crankcase 7 mm Bolts: 24 N·m (2.4 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
○Install the clamp [B] and tighten the 7 mm bolts [C].
Torque - Crankcase (L38 mm) 7 mm Bolts: 27 N·m (2.8
kgf·m, 20 ft·lb)
○Tighten the 6 mm bolts [D].
Torque - Crankcase 6 mm Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104
in·lb)
the crankcase assembly up.
• Turn
Tighten
upper crankcase bolts in the order listed.
•○Install thetheclamp
[A].
Torque - Crankcase 7 mm Bolts [B]: 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14.5
ft·lb)
Crankcase 6 mm Bolts [C]: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104
in·lb)
tightening all crankcase bolts, check the following
• After
items.
○Crankshaft and transmission shafts turn freely.
○While spinning the output shaft, gears shift smoothly from
the 1st to 6th gear, and 6th to 1st.
○When the output shaft stays still, the gear can not be
shifted to 2nd gear or other higher gear positions.
9-12 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
Crankshaft Removal
the crankcase (see Crankcase Splitting).
• Split
Remove
the crankshaft.
•
Crankshaft Installation
CAUTION
If the crankshaft, bearing inserts, or crankcase
halves are replaced with new ones, select the bearing inserts and check clearance with a plastigage
(press gauge) before assembling engine to be sure
the correct bearing inserts are installed.
engine oil to the crankshaft main bearing inserts.
• Apply
Install
• on it. the crankshaft with the camshaft chain [A] hanging
Connecting Rod Removal
the crankcase (see Crankcase Splitting).
• Split
Remove
connecting rod nuts.
• Remove the
the
crankshaft.
•
NOTE
○Mark and record the locations of the connecting rods
and their big end caps so that they can be reassembled
in their original positions.
• Remove the connecting rods from the crankshaft.
CAUTION
Discard the connecting rod bolts. To prevent damage to the crankpin surfaces, do not allow the connecting rod bolts to bump against the crankpins.
Connecting Rod Installation
CAUTION
To minimize vibration, the connecting rods should
have the same weight mark.
Big End Cap [A]
Connecting Rod [B]
Weight Mark, Alphabet [C]
Diameter Mark (Around Weight Mark) [D]: “
mark
” or no
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-13
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
CAUTION
If the connecting rods, big end bearing inserts, or
crankshaft are replaced with new ones, select the
bearing insert and check clearance with a plastigage (press gauge) before assembling engine to be
sure the correct bearing inserts are installed.
CAUTION
The connecting rod bolts are designed to stretch
when tightened. Never reuse them.
the connecting rod big end bolts and nuts with
• Replace
new ones.
molybdenum disulfide oil to the inner surface of up• Apply
per and lower bearing inserts [A].
molybdenum disulfide oil to the threads [B] and
• Apply
seating surface [C] of the connecting rod nuts.
the inserts so that their nails [D] are on the same
• Install
side and fit them into the recess of the connecting rod and
cap.
CAUTION
Wrong application of oil and grease could cause
bearing damage.
○When installing the inserts [A], be careful not to damage
the insert surface with the edge of the connecting rod [B]
or the cap [C]. One way to install inserts is as follows.
Installation [D] to Cap
Installation [E] to Connecting Rod
Push [F]
Spare Dowel Pin [G]
Connecting Rod Bolts [H]
○The connecting rod big end is bolted using the “plastic
region fastening method”.
method precisely achieves the needed clamping
force without exceeding it unnecessarily, allowing the
use of thinner, lighter bolts further decreasing connecting
rod weight.
○There are two types of the plastic region fastening. One
is a bolt length measurement method and other is a tightening torque method. Observe one of the following two,
but the bolt length measurement method is preferable because this is a more reliable way to tighten the big end
nuts.
○This
9-14 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
•
(1) Bolt Length Measurement Method
Be sure to clean the bolts, nuts, and connecting rods
thoroughly with high-flash point solvent, because the new
connecting rods, bolts, and nuts are treated with an anti
-rust solution.
WARNING
Clean the bolts, nuts, and connecting rods in a well
-ventilated area, and take care that there is no spark
or flame anywhere near the working area. This includes any appliance with a pilot light. Because of
the danger of highly flammable liquids, do not use
gasoline or low-flash point solvents to clean them.
CAUTION
Immediately dry the bolts and nuts with compressed air after cleaning.
Clean and dry the bolts and nuts completely.
new bolts in reused connecting rods.
• Install
both bolt head and bolt tip with a punch as shown.
• Dent
Before
use a point micrometer to measure the
• length oftightening,
new connecting rod bolts and record the values
to find the bolt stretch.
Connecting Rod [A]
Dent here with a punch [B]
Nuts [C]
Fit micrometer pins into dents [D]
the big end nuts until the bolt elongation reaches
• Tighten
the specified length.
the length of the connecting rod bolts.
• Check
If the stretch is more than the usable range, the bolt has
stretched too much. An overlongated bolt may break in
use.
Bolt Length
after tightening
–
Bolt Length
before tightening
=
Stretch
Usable Range of Connecting Rod Bolt Stretch –
0.18 ∼ 0.28 mm (0.007 ∼ 0.011 in.)
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-15
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
•
•
(2) Tightening Torque Method
If you don’t have a point micrometer, you may tighten the
nuts using the “Tightening Torque Method”.
Be sure to clean the bolts, nuts, and connecting rods
thoroughly with high-flash point solvent, because the new
connecting rods, bolts, and nuts are treated with an anti
-rust solution.
WARNING
Clean the bolts, nuts, and connecting rods in a well
-ventilated area, and take care that there is no spark
or flame anywhere near the working area. This includes any appliance with a pilot light. Because of
the danger of highly flammable liquids, do not use
gasoline or low-flash point solvents to clean them.
CAUTION
Immediately dry the bolts and nuts with compressed air after cleaning.
Clean and dry the bolts and nuts completely.
a small amount of molybdenum disulfide oil to the
• Apply
threads [A] and seating surface [B] of the connecting rod
nuts.
tighten the nuts to the specified torque. See the
• First,
table below
tighten the nuts 120° more.
•○Next,
Mark [A] the connecting rod big end caps and nuts so that
nuts can be turned 120° [B] properly.
Connecting
Rod Assy
New
Used
Bolt, Nut
Torque + Angle
N·m (kgf·m, ft·lb)
Use the bolts attached
to new con-rod.
15 (1.5, 11) + 120°
Another new bolts and
nuts
15 (1.5, 11) + 120°
Replace the bolts and
nuts with new ones
15 (1.5, 11) + 120°
CAUTION
Since the friction force of the eating surface and
thread portion of new nuts is different from that of
used ones, the nut should be tightened with specified torque.
Be careful not to overtighten the nuts.
9-16 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
Crankshaft/Connecting Rod Cleaning
removing the connecting rods from the crankshaft,
• After
clean them with a high-flash point solvent.
the crankshaft oil passages with compressed air to
• Blow
remove any foreign particles or residue that may have
accumulated in the passages.
Connecting Rod Bend
the connecting rod big end bearing inserts, and
• Remove
reinstall the connecting rod big end cap.
an arbor [A] of the same diameter as the connect• Select
ing rod big end, and insert the arbor through the connect-
•
•
•
ing rod big end.
Select an arbor of the same diameter as the piston pin
and at least 100 mm (3.94 in.) long, and insert the arbor
[B] through the connecting rod small end.
On a surface plate, set the big-end arbor on V block [C].
With the connecting rod held vertically, use a height
gauge to measure the difference in the height of the
arbor above the surface plate over a 100 mm (3.94 in.)
length to determine the amount of connecting rod bend.
If the connecting rod bend exceeds the service limit, the
connecting rod must be replaced.
Connecting Rod Bend
Service Limit:
TIR 0.2/100 mm (0.008/3.94 in.)
Connecting Rod Twist
the big-end arbor [A] still on V block [C], hold the
• With
connecting rod horizontally and measure the amount that
the arbor [B] varies from being paralleled with the surface
plate over a 100 mm (3.94 in.) length of the arbor to determine the amount of connecting rod twist.
If the connecting rod twist exceeds the service limit, the
connecting rod must be replaced.
Connecting Rod Twist
Service Limit:
TIR 0.2/100 mm (0.008/3.94 in.)
Connecting Rod Big End Side Clearance
connecting rod big end side clearance [A].
•○Measure
Insert a thickness gauge [B] between the big end and either crank web to determine clearance.
Connecting Rod Big End Side Clearance
Standard:
0.13 ∼ 0.33 mm (0.005 ∼ 0.013 in.)
Service Limit:
0.5 mm (0.020 in.)
If the clearance exceeds the service limit, replace the connecting rod with new one and then check the clearance
again. If the clearance is too large after connecting rod
replacement, the crankshaft also must be replaced.
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-17
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
Connecting Rod Big End Bearing Insert/Crankpin
Wear
the bearing insert/crankpin [B] clearance with
• Measure
plastigage [A].
the big end nuts to the specified torque (see Con• Tighten
necting Rod Installation).
NOTE
○Do not move the connecting rod and crankshaft during
clearance measurement.
Connecting Rod Big End Bearing Insert/Crankpin
Clearance
Standard:
0.035 ∼ 0.064 mm (0.0014 ∼ 0.0025 in.)
Service Limit:
0.10 mm (0.004 in.)
If the clearance is within the standard, no bearing replacement is required.
If the clearance is between 0.065 mm (0.003 in.) and
the service limit 0.10 mm (0.004 in.), replace the bearing inserts [A] with inserts painted black [B]. Check insert/crankpin clearance with the plastigage. The clearance may exceed the standard slightly, but it must not be
less than the minimum in order to avoid bearing seizure.
If the clearance exceeds the service limit, measure the
diameter of the crankpins.
Crankpin Diameter
Standard:
29.984 ∼ 30.000 mm
(1.1805 ∼ 1.1811 in.)
Service Limit:
29.97 mm (1.18 in.)
If any crankpin has worn past the service limit, replace the
crankshaft with a new one.
If the measured crankpin diameters are not less than the
service limit, but do not coincide with the original diameter
markings on the crankshaft, make new marks on it.
Crankpin Diameter Marks
None
29.984 ∼ 29.994 mm (1.1805 ∼ 1.1809 in.)
29.995 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1809 ∼ 1.1811 in.)
∆: Crankpin Diameter Marks, "
" mark or no mark.
9-18 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
the connecting rod big end bore diameter, and
• Measure
mark each connecting rod big end in accordance with the
•
bore diameter.
Tighten the big end nuts to the specified torque (see Connecting Rod Installation).
NOTE
○The mark already on the big end should almost coincide
with the measurement because of little wear.
Connecting Rod Big End Bore Diameter Marks
None
33.000 mm ∼ 33.008 mm (1.2992 ∼ 1.2995 in.)
33.009 ∼ 33.016 mm (1.2996 ∼ 1.2998 in.)
Big End Cap [A]
Connecting Rod [B]
Weight Mark, Alphabet [C]
Diameter Mark (Around Weight Mark) [D]: “
mark
” or no
the proper bearing insert [A] in accordance with the
• Select
combination of the connecting rod and crankshaft coding.
Size Color [B]
Con-rod Big End
Bore Diameter
Marking
Crankpin
Diameter
Marking
None
None
None
None
Bearing Insert
Size Color
Part Number
Pink
92028–1880
Brown
92028–1879
Black
92028–1878
the new inserts in the connecting rod and check
• Install
insert/crankpin clearance with the plastigage.
Crankshaft Side Clearance
a thickness gauge [A] between the crankcase main
• Insert
bearing and the crank web at the No. 2 journal [B] to
determine clearance.
If the clearance exceeds the service limit, replace the
crankcase halves as a set.
NOTE
○The upper and lower crankcase halves are machined
at the factory in the assembled state, so the crankcase
halves must be replaced as a set.
Crankshaft Side Clearance
Standard:
0.05 ∼ 0.15 mm (0.002 ∼ 0.006 in.)
Service Limit:
0.35 mm (0.014 in.)
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-19
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
Crankshaft Runout
the crankshaft runout.
• Measure
If the measurement exceeds the service limit, replace the
crankshaft.
Crankshaft Runout
Standard:
Service Limit:
TIR 0.02 mm (0.0008 in.) or less
TIR 0.05 mmm (0.002 in.)
Crankshaft Main Bearing Insert/Journal Wear
a plastigage (press gauge) [A], measure the bear• Using
ing insert/journal [B] clearance.
NOTE
○Tighten the crankcase bolts to the specified torque (see
Crankcase Assembly).
○Do not turn the crankshaft during clearance measurement.
○Journal clearance less than 0.025 mm (0.001 in.) can
not be measured by plastigage, however, using genuine
parts maintains the minimum standard clearance.
Crankshaft Main Bearing Insert/Journal Clearance
Standard:
0.031 ∼ 0.059 mm (0.0012 ∼ 0.0023 in.)
Service Limit: 0.10 mm (0.0039 in.)
If the clearance is within the standard, no bearing replacement is required.
If the clearance is between 0.059 mm (0.0023 in.) and the
service limit 0.09 mm (0.0035 in.), replace the bearing inserts with inserts [A] painted blue [B]. Check insert/journal
clearance with the plastigage. The clearance may exceed
the standard slightly, but it must not be less than the minimum in order to avoid bearing seizure.
If the clearance exceeds the service limit, measure the
diameter of the crankshaft main journal.
Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter
29.984 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1805 ∼ 1.1811
Standard:
in.) mm (1.18 in.)
Service Limit: 29.96
If any journal has worn past the service limit, replace the
crankshaft with a new one.
If the measured journal diameters are not less than the
service limit, but do not coincide with the original diameter
markings on the crankshaft, make new marks on it.
Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter Marks
None
29.984 ∼ 29.994 mm (1.1805 ∼ 1.1809 in.)
1
29.995 ∼ 30.000 mm (1.1809 ∼ 1.1811 in.)
□: Crankshaft Main Journal Diameter Marks, "1" mark or
no mark.
9-20 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Crankshaft and Connecting Rods
the main bearing bore diameter, and mark the
• Measure
upper crankcase half in accordance with the bore diameter.
A: Crankcase Main Bearing Bore Diameter Marks, "
mark or no mark.
"
NOTE
○Tighten the crankcase bolts to the specified torque (see
Crankcase Assembly).
○The mark already on the upper crankcase half should
almost coincide with the measurement.
Crankcase Main Bearing Bore Diameter Marks
33.000 ∼ 33.008 mm (1.2992 ∼ 1.2995 in.)
None
33.009 ∼ 33.016 mm (1.2996 ∼ 1.2998 in.)
the proper bearing insert [A] in accordance with the
• Select
combination of the crankcase and crankshaft coding.
Size Color [B]
Crankcase Main
Bearing Bore
Diameter Marking
None
None
•
Crankshaft Main
Journal Diameter
Marking
1
1
None
None
Bearing Insert*
Size Color
Part Number
Journal Nos.
Brown
92028-1883
92028-1886
92028-1882
92028-1885
92028-1881
92028-1884
3, 5
1, 2, 4
3, 5
1, 2, 4
3, 5
1, 2, 4
Black
Blue
*The bearing inserts for Nos. 1, 2 and 4 journals have an oil groove, respectively.
Install the new inserts in the crankcase halves and check
insert/journal clearance with the plastigage.
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-21
Starter Motor Clutch
Starter Motor Clutch Removal/Installation
to Alternator Rotor Removal and Installation in the
• Refer
Electrical System chapter.
Starter Motor Clutch Inspection
• Remove:
Alternator Cover (see Electrical System chapter)
•
•
Starter Idle Gear
Turn the starter motor clutch gear [A] by hand. The starter
motor clutch gear should turn clockwise [B] freely, but
should not turn counterclockwise [C].
If the starter motor clutch does not operate as it should or
if it makes noise, go to the next step.
Disassemble the starter motor clutch, and visually inspect
the clutch parts.
If there is any worn or damaged part, replace it.
NOTE
○Examine the starter motor clutch gear as well. Replace
it if it worn or damaged.
Starter Motor Clutch Disassembly
• Remove:
Alternator Rotor (see Electrical System chapter)
Starter Motor Clutch Bolts [A] and Starter Motor Clutch
[B]
Starter Motor Clutch Assembly
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the starter motor clutch bolts and tighten them.
Torque - Starter Motor Clutch Bolts: 33 N·m (3.4 kgf·m, 24
ft·lb)
9-22 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Transmission
Shift Pedal Removal
the position of the shift lever on the shift shaft so
• Mark
that it can be installed later in the same position.
• Remove the shift lever and shift pedal.
Shift Pedal Installation
the shift pedal [A] so that the distance between the
• Install
center of the shift pedal and the center line of the shift rod
[B] is 10 ∼ 15 mm (0.39 ∼ 0.59 in.) by loosening the front
and rear locknuts [C] and turning the rod.
NOTE
○The locknut next to the groove [D] of the rod has left
-hand threads.
•
•
•
If necessary, adjust the pedal position from the standard
position to suit you as follows.
Loosen the front and rear rod locknuts.
Turn the rod to adjust the pedal position.
Tighten the locknuts securely.
External Shift Mechanism Removal
the engine oil (see Cooling System in the Periodic
• Drain
Maintenance chapter).
• Remove:
Shift Pedal (see Shift Pedal Removal)
Clutch (see Clutch chapter)
Bolts [A], Oil Pipe Holders [B], Oil Pipe [C] and O-ring
• Remove:
Shift Shaft [A]
Bolt [B]
Gear Positioning Lever [C] and Spring
Collar
External Shift Mechanism Installation
the gear positioning lever [A] as shown, and tighten
• Install
the bolt.
Springs [B]
Bolt [D]
Collar [C]
Torque - Gear Positioning Lever Bolt: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m,
87 in·lb)
• Tighten the oil pipe holder bolts.
Torque - Oil Pipe Holder Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104 in·lb)
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-23
Transmission
External Shift Mechanism Inspection
the shift shaft [A] for any damage.
• Examine
If the shaft is bent, straighten or replace it.
If the serration are damaged, replace the shaft.
If the springs [B] [C] are damaged in any way, replace
them.
If the shift mechanism arm [D] is damaged in any way,
replace the arm.
the return spring pin [A] is not loose.
• Check
If it is loose, unscrew it, apply a non-permanent locking
agent to the threads, and tighten it.
Torque - Shift Shaft Return Spring Pin: 28 N·m (2.9 kgf·m,
21 ft·lb)
the gear positioning lever [B] and it’s spring for
• Check
breaks or distortion.
•
If the lever or spring are damaged in any way, replace
them.
Visually inspect the shift drum cam [C].
If they are badly worn or if they show any damage, replace
it.
Transmission Shaft Removal
the crankcase (see Crankcase Splitting).
• Split
• Remove the drive shaft [A] and output shaft [B].
Transmission Shaft Installation
to see that the set pins [A] and set rings [B] are in
• Check
place.
9-24 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Transmission
the drive shaft and output shaft into the upper
• Install
crankcase half.
engine oil to the sliding surfaces of the gears and
• Apply
bearings.
○The bearing set pins and rings must match properly with
the holes or grooves in the bearing outer races. When
they are properly matched, there is no clearance between
the crankcase and the bearing outer races [A].
Transmission Shaft Disassembly
the transmission shafts (see Transmission Shaft
• Remove
Removal).
the circlips, and disassemble the transmission
• Remove
shafts.
Special Tool - Outside Circlip Pliers: 57001-144
5th gear [A] on the output shaft has three steel balls
• The
assembled into it for the positive neutral finder mechanism. Remove the 5th gear.
○Set the output shaft in a vertical position holding the 3rd
gear [B].
○Spin the 5th gear quickly [C] and pull it off upward.
the ball bearing [A] and/or collar from each
• Remove
shafts.
Special Tools - Bearing Puller: 57001-135 [B]
Bearing Puller Adapter: 57001-317 [C]
• Discard the bearing.
Transmission Shaft Assembly
engine oil to the ball bearing and shaft.
• Apply
Install
ball bearing on the drive shaft [A] with the
• groovethe
[B] toward the clutch side using the steering stem
•
bearing driver.
Install the ball bearing and collar on the output shaft [C]
using the steering stem bearing driver.
Special Tool - Steering Stem Bearing Driver: 57001–382
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-25
Transmission
the gear bushing [A] on the shafts with their oil
• Install
holes [B] aligned.
drive shaft gears can be recognized by size: the gear
• The
with the smallest diameter is 1st gear, and the largest one
•
•
•
is 6th gear. Be sure that all parts are put back in the correct sequence and all circlips and washers are properly in
place.
Install the 3rd/4th gear onto the drive shaft with their holes
aligned.
The output shaft gears can be recognized by size: the
gear with the largest diameter is 1st gear, and the smallest one is 6th gear. Be sure that all parts are put back
in the correct sequence and all circlips and washers are
properly in place.
Install the 5th and 6th gears onto the output shaft with
their holes aligned.
any circlip that were removed with new ones.
• Replace
the circlips [A] so that opening [B] is aligned with a
• Install
spline groove [C].
that each gear spins or slides freely on the trans• Check
mission shafts without binding after assembly.
the steel balls into the 5th gear holes in the output shaft
• Fit
as shown.
[A] Gear (5th)
[B] Shaft
[C] Steel Balls
[D] Oil Holes
CAUTION
Do not apply grease to the steel balls to hold them
in place. This will cause the positive neutral finder
mechanism to malfunction.
○Check the ball-locking effect that the 5th gear does not
come out of the output shaft when moving it up and down
by hand.
9-26 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Transmission
Shift Drum and Fork Removal
• Remove:
Clutch (see Clutch chapter)
•
•
Oil Pan (see Engine Lubrication System chapter)
External Shift Mechanism (see External Shift Mechanism Removal)
Gear Positioning Lever [A]
Bolt [B] and Screw [C]
Shift Drum Bearing Holder [D]
Pull out the shift rods [E], and take off the shift forks.
Pull out the shift drum [F] with bearing.
Shift Drum and Fork Installation
the transmission gears in the neutral position.
• Set
Install
shift drum so that the punch mark [A] on it faces
• oil pantheside.
the shift forks as shown.
• Install
Position
shortest ears [A] on the drive shaft
• and placethetheonepinwith
in the center groove in the shift drum
[B].
○The two forks [C] on the output shaft are identical.
the shift rods [D], noting the groove position. The
• Install
rods are identical.
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the shift drum bearing holder screws, and tighten them
and shift drum bearing holder bolt.
Torque - Shift Drum Bearing Holder Bolt: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m,
104 in·lb)
Shift Drum Bearing Holder Screws: 4.9 N·m (0.50
kgf·m, 43 in·lb)
Shift Drum Disassembly
the shift drum (see Shift Drum and Fork Re• Remove
moval).
holding the shift drum with a vise, remove the shift
• While
drum cam holder bolt.
[A] Shift Drum Cam Holder Bolt
[B] Dowel Pin
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-27
Transmission
• Remove the holder [A] with a bearing puller [B].
Special Tool - Bearing Puller: 57001–135
Shift Drum Assembly
sure to install the dowel pin.
• Be
Apply
non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• the shifta drum
cam holder bolt, and tighten it.
Torque - Shift Drum Cam Holder Bolt: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m,
104 in·lb)
the holder with a steering stem bearing driver so
• Install
that positioning hole [A] faces outside as shown.
[B] Dowel Pin
[C] 57°
Shift Fork Bending
inspect the shift forks, and replace any fork that is
• Visually
bent. A bent fork could cause difficulty in shifting, or allow
the transmission to jump out of gear when under power.
90° [A]
Shift Fork/Gear Groove Wear
the thickness of the shift fork ears [A], and mea• Measure
sure the width [B] of the gear grooves.
If the thickness of a shift fork ear is less than the service
limit, the shift fork must be replaced.
Shift Fork Ear Thickness
Standard:
5.9 ∼ 6.0 mm (0.232 ∼ 0.236 in.)
Service Limit:
5.8 mm (0.228 in.)
If the gear groove is worn over the service limit, the gear
must be replaced.
Gear Groove Width
Standard:
Service Limit:
6.05 ∼ 6.15 mm (0.238 ∼ 0.242 in.)
6.25 mm (0.246 in.)
9-28 CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION
Transmission
Shift Fork Guide Pin/Drum Groove Wear
the diameter of each shift fork guide pin [A], and
• Measure
measure the width [B] of each shift drum groove.
If the guide pin on any shift fork is less than the service
limit, the fork must be replaced.
Shift Fork Guide Pin Diameter
Standard:
5.9 ∼ 6.0 mm (0.232 ∼ 0.236 in.)
Service Limit:
5.8 mm (0.228 in.)
If any shift drum groove is worn over the service limit, the
drum must be replaced.
Shift Drum Groove Width
Standard:
6.05 ∼ 6.20 mm (0.238 ∼ 0.244 in.)
Service Limit:
6.3 mm (0.248 in.)
Gear Dog and Gear Dog Hole Damage
inspect the gear dogs [A] and gear dog holes [B].
• Visually
Replace any damaged gears or gears with excessively
worn dogs or dog holes.
CRANKSHAFT / TRANSMISSION 9-29
Transmission
1. 1st Gear
2. 2nd Gear
3. 3rd Gear
4. 4th Gear
5. 5th Gear
6. 6th (Top) Gear
7. Toothed Washer
8. Thrust Washer (Thin)
9. Circlip
10. Circlip
11. Toothed Washer
12. Thrust Washer
13. Circlip
14. Needle Bearing
15. Bearing Outer Race
16. Bushing
17. Ball Bearing
18. Oil Seal
19. Steel Ball
WHEELS / TIRES 10-1
Wheels / Tires
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Specifications .........................................................................................................................
Special Tools ..........................................................................................................................
Wheels (Rims) ........................................................................................................................
Front Wheel Removal .......................................................................................................
Front Wheel Installation ....................................................................................................
Rear Wheel Removal........................................................................................................
Rear Wheel Installation.....................................................................................................
Wheel Inspection ..............................................................................................................
Axle Inspection..................................................................................................................
Balance Inspection............................................................................................................
Balance Adjustment ..........................................................................................................
Balance Weight Removal..................................................................................................
Balance Weight Installation...............................................................................................
Tires........................................................................................................................................
Air Pressure Inspection/Adjustment..................................................................................
Tire Inspection ..................................................................................................................
Tire Removal.....................................................................................................................
Tire Installation..................................................................................................................
Tire Repair ........................................................................................................................
Hub Bearing............................................................................................................................
Hub Bearing Removal.......................................................................................................
Hub Bearing Installation....................................................................................................
Hub Bearing Inspection.....................................................................................................
Hub Bearing Lubrication ...................................................................................................
10-2
10-4
10-5
10-6
10-6
10-6
10-7
10-8
10-9
10-9
10-9
10-10
10-10
10-10
10-13
10-13
10-13
10-13
10-13
10-15
10-16
10-16
10-16
10-17
10-17
10
10-2 WHEELS / TIRES
Exploded View
WHEELS / TIRES 10-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
N·m
1 Front axle clamp bolts
20
2 Front axle nut
127
3 Rear axle nut
127
G: Apply grease.
R: Replacement Parts
WL: Apply soap and water solution or rubber lubricant.
Torque
kgf·m
2.0
13.0
13.0
ft·lb
14.5
94
94
Remarks
10-4 WHEELS / TIRES
Specifications
Item
Wheels (Rims):
Rim runout:
Axial
Radial
Axle runout/100 mm (3.9 in.)
Wheel balance
Balance weights
Tires:
Tread depth:
Front
Standard
–––
–––
0.05 mm (0.002 in.) or less
10 g or less
10 g, 20 g, 30 g
BRIDGESTONE: 3.8 mm (0.15 in.)
MICHELIN:
Rear
BRIDGESTONE: 5.8 mm (0.23 in.)
MICHELIN:
5.6 mm (0.22 in.)
Make, Type
Standard tires:
Front
Rear
DE: Germany
3.8 mm (0.15 in.)
AT: Austria
BRIDGESTONE, BATTLAX BT019F
RADIAL
MICHELIN Pilot Sport M
BRIDGESTONE, BATTLAX BT012R
RADIAL G
MICHELIN Pilot Sport M
CH:Switzerland
WARNING
Use the same manufacturer’s tires on both front and rear wheels.
Service Limit
0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
0.8 mm (0.03 in.)
0.2 mm (0.01 in.)
– – –
– – –
1 mm (0.04 in.)
(DE, AT, CH) 1.6 mm
(0.06 in.)
Up to 130 km/h
(80 mph): 2 mm (0.08 in.)
Over 130 km/h
(80 mph): 3 mm (0.12 in.)
Size
120/65 ZR17 M/C (56 W)
180/55 ZR17 M/C (73 W)
WHEELS / TIRES 10-5
Special Tools
Inside Circlip Pliers:
57001–143
Bearing Remover Head, 25 ×
57001–1346
Bearing Driver Set:
57001–1129
Bearing Remover Shaft,
57001–1377
Jack:
57001–1238
13:
28 :
10-6 WHEELS / TIRES
Wheels (Rims)
Front Wheel Removal
• Remove:
Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Front Fender (see Frame chapter)
Brake Caliper Mounting Bolts [A]
• Loosen:
Right Side Axle Clamp Bolts [A]
Axle [B]
• Raise the front wheel off the ground.
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
out the axle to the right and drop the front wheel out
• Pull
of the forks.
CAUTION
Do not lay the wheel down on one of the discs. This
can damage or warp the disc. Place blocks under the wheel so that the disc does not touch the
ground.
Front Wheel Installation
NOTE
○The direction of the wheel rotation [A] is shown by an
arrow [B] on the wheel spoke.
the wheel rotation mark on the front wheel and
• Check
install it.
WHEELS / TIRES 10-7
Wheels (Rims)
the collars [A] on the both sides of the hub.
• Fit
Tighten
the axle nut [B].
•
Torque - Front Axle Nut: 127 N·m (13.0 kgf·m, 94 ft·lb)
tightening the clamp bolts on the right front fork
• Before
leg, pump the front fork up and down 4 or 5 times to all on
the right front fork leg to seat on the front axle.
NOTE
○Put a block in front of the front wheel to stop moving.
○Tighten the two clamp bolts alternately two times to ensure even tightening torque.
• Tighten the axle clamp bolts [C] on the right fork leg first.
Torque - Front Axle Clamp Bolts : 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14.5
ft·lb)
the front brake calipers (see Brakes chapter).
• Install
Check
the front brake effectiveness (see Brakes chapter).
•
WARNING
Do not attempt to drive the motorcycle until a full
brake lever is obtained by pumping the brake lever
until the pads are against the disc. The brake will
not function on the first application of the lever if
this is not done.
Rear Wheel Removal
the lower fairings and side stand (see Frame
• Remove
chapter).
the jack [A], raise the rear wheel off the ground.
•○Using
Adjust the length of the jack legs [B], and situate the motorcycle so that it is perpendicular to the ground.
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
• Remove:
Cotter Pin [A]
Axle Nut [B]
Axle [C]
10-8 WHEELS / TIRES
Wheels (Rims)
the rear caliper mounting bolts and rear caliper.
• Remove
Remove
the inner fender and chain cover.
• Remove the
• the left. drive chain [A] from the rear sprocket toward
• Move the rear wheel back and remove it.
CAUTION
Do not lay the wheel on the ground with the disc
facing down. This can damage or warp the disc.
Place blocks under the wheel so that the disc does
not touch the ground.
Rear Wheel Installation
the drive chain with the rear sprocket.
• Engage
the caliper bracket [A] onto the swingarm stop [B].
•○Install
Insert the axle from the right side of the wheel, and tighten
the axle nut.
• Insert a new cotter pin [A].
NOTE
○When inserting the cotter pin, if the slots in the nut do
not align with the cotter pin hole in the axle, tighten the
nit clockwise [B] up to next alignment.
○It should be within 30 degree.
○Loosen once and tighten again when the slot goes past
the nearest hole.
• Bend the cotter pin [A] over the nut [B].
Torque - Rear Axle Nut: 127 N·m (13.0 kgf·m, 94 ft·lb)
the drive chain slack after installation (see Final
• Adjust
Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
the rear caliper, chain cover and inner fender.
• Install
Check
the rear brake effectiveness.
•
WARNING
Do not attempt to drive the motorcycle until a full
brake pedal is obtained by pumping the brake pedal
until the pads are against the disc. The brake will
not function on the first application of the pedal if
this is not done.
WHEELS / TIRES 10-9
Wheels (Rims)
Wheel Inspection
• Raise the front/rear wheel off the ground.
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
the wheel lightly, and check for roughness or binding.
• Spin
If roughness or binding is found, replace the hub bearings.
the wheel for small cracks, dents, bending, or
• Inspect
warp.
•
•
If there is any damage to the wheel, replace the wheel.
Remove the wheel, and support it without the tire by the
axle.
Measure the rim runout, radial [A] and axial [B], with a dial
gauge.
If rim runout exceeds the service limit, check the hub bearings.
If the problem is not due to the bearings, replace the
wheel.
Rim Runout
Service Limit:
Axial
0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
Radial
0.8 mm (0.03 in.)
WARNING
Never attempt to repair a damaged wheel. If there
is any damage besides wheel bearings, the wheel
must be replaced to insure safe operational condition.
Axle Inspection
the front and rear axles.
• Remove
inspect the front and rear axle for damages.
• Visually
If the axle is damaged or bent, replace it.
the axle in V blocks that are 100 mm (3.94 in.) [A]
• Place
apart, and set a dial gauge [B] on the axle at a point
halfway between the blocks. Turn [C] the axle to measure the runout. The difference between the highest and
lowest dial readings is the amount of runout.
If axle runout exceeds the service limit, replace the axle.
Axle Runout/100 mm (3.94 in.)
Standard:
0.05 mm (0.002 in.) or less
Service Limit:
0.2 mm (0.01 in.)
Balance Inspection
the wheel.
• Remove
Support
the
wheel so that it can be spun freely.
• Spin the wheel
and mark [A] the wheel at the top
• when the wheellightly,
stops.
○Repeat this procedure several times.
If the wheel stops
of its own accord in various positions, it is well balanced.
If the wheel always stops in one position, adjust the wheel
balance.
10-10 WHEELS / TIRES
Wheels (Rims)
Balance Adjustment
the wheel always stops in one position, provisionally
• Ifattach
a balance weight [A] on the rim at the marking using
•
•
adhesive tape.
Rotate the wheel 1/4 turn [B], and see whether or not the
wheel stops in this position. If it does, the correct balance
weight is being used.
If the wheel rotates and the weight goes up, replace the
weight with the next heavier size. If the wheel rotates and
the weight goes down, replace the weight with the next
lighter size. Repeat these steps until the wheel remains
at rest after being rotated 1/4 turn.
Rotate the wheel another 1/4 turn and then another 1/4
turn to see if the wheel is correctly balanced.
the entire procedure as many times as necessary
• Repeat
to achieve correct wheel balance.
• Permanently install the balance weight.
Balance Weight Removal
•
•
When the tire is not on the rim.
Push [A] the blade portion toward the outside with a regular tip screw driver, and slip the weight off the rim flange.
Discard the used balance weight.
When the tire is on the rim.
Pry [A] the balance weight off the rim flange using a regular tip screw driver as shown in the figure.
○Insert a tip of the screw driver between the tire bead [B]
and weight blade [C] until the end of the tip reaches the
end of the weight blade.
○Push the driver grip toward the tire so that the balance
weight slips off the rim flange.
Discard the used balance weight.
•
•
Balance Weight Installation
if the weight portion has any play on the blade and
• Check
clip.
If it does, discard it.
WARNING
If the balance weight has any play on the rim flange,
the blade and/or clip have been stretched. Replace
the loose balance weight.
Do not reuse used balance weight.
Unbalanced wheels can create an unsafe riding
condition.
WHEELS / TIRES 10-11
Wheels (Rims)
the balance weight blade, tire bead, and rim
• Lubricate
flange with a soap and water solution or rubber lubricant.
This helps the balance weight slip onto the rim flange.
CAUTION
Never lubricate with engine oil or petroleum distillates because they will deteriorate the tire.
required total weight exceeds 20g (0.71 oz), install
• When
the balance weight at both sides of rim flange as shown.
Weight Selection
One Side [A]
Other Side [B]
10g (0.35 oz)
10g (0.35 oz)
20g (0.71 oz)
10g (0.35 oz)
20g (0.71 oz)
20g (0.71 oz)
30g (1.06 oz)
20g (0.71 oz)
30g (1.06 oz)
30g (1.06 oz)
Required Total
Weight
20g
30g
40g
50g
60g
(0.71
(1.06
(1.41
(1.76
(2.12
oz)
oz)
oz)
oz)
oz)
70g (2.47 oz)
20g + 20g
(0.71oz + 0.71 oz)
80g (2.82 oz)
20g + 20g
20g + 20g
(0.71oz + 0.71 oz) (0.71oz + 0.71 oz)
90g (3.17 oz)
20g + 30g
20g + 20g
(0.71 oz + 1.06 oz) (0.71oz + 0.71 oz)
30g (1.06 oz)
Balance Weight
Part Number
41075-1014
41075-1015
41075-1016
Weight
10g (0.35 oz)
20g (0.71 oz)
30g (1.06 oz)
NOTE
○Balance weights are available from Kawasaki dealers
in 10, 20, and 30 gram (0.35 oz, 0.71 oz, and 1.06 oz)
sizes. An imbalance of less than 10 grams (0.35 oz) will
not usually affect running stability.
○Do not use four or more balance weight (more than 90
gram). If the wheel requires an excess balance weight,
disassemble the wheel to find the cause.
the balance weight on the rim.
•○Install
Slip the weight on the rim flange by pushing or lightly hammering the weight in the direction shown in the figure.
Push or hammer [A]
Rim Flange [B]
Tire Bead [C]
Blade [D]
10-12 WHEELS / TIRES
Wheels (Rims)
○Check that the blade [A] and weight [B] seat fully on the
rim flange [C], and that the clip [D] is hooked over the rim
ridge [E] and reaches rim flat portion.
WHEELS / TIRES 10-13
Tires
Air Pressure Inspection/Adjustment
○Refer to the Wheels/Tires in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter.
Tire Inspection
○Refer to the Wheels/Tires in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter.
Tire Removal
• Remove:
Wheel (see this chapter)
•
Disc(s)
Valve Core (let out the air)
To maintain wheel balance, mark the valve stem position
on the tire with chalk so that the tire can be reinstalled in
the same position.
Chalk Mark or Yellow Mark [A]
Air Valve [B]
Align [C]
the tire beads and rim flanges on both sides with
• Lubricate
a soap and water solution or rubber lubricant. This helps
the tire beads slip off the rim flanges.
CAUTION
Never lubricate with engine oil or petroleum distillates because they will deteriorate the tire.
the tire from the rim using a suitable commer• Remove
cially available tire changer.
NOTE
○The tires cannot be removed with hand tools because
they fit the rims too tightly.
Tire Installation
WARNING
Use the same manufacture’s on both front and rear
wheels.
the rim and tire, and replace them if necessary.
• Inspect
Clean
the
surfaces of the rim and tire, and smooth
• the sealingsealing
surfaces of the rim with a fine emery cloth if
•
necessary.
Remove the air valve and discard it.
CAUTION
Replace the air valve whenever the tire is replaced.
Do not reuse the air valve.
10-14 WHEELS / TIRES
Tires
a new valve in the rim.
•○Install
Remove the valve cap, lubricate the stem seal [A] with a
soap and water solution or rubber lubricant, and pull the
valve stem [B] through the rim from the inside out until it
snaps into place.
CAUTION
Do not use engine oil or petroleum distillates to lubricate the stem because they will deteriorate the
rubber.
○The air valve is shown in the figure.
[A] Valve Cap
[B] Valve Core
[C] Stem Seal
[D] Valve Stem
[E] Valve Seat
[F] Valve Opened
a soap and water solution, or rubber lubricant to the
• Apply
rim flange and tire beads.
the tire rotation mark on the front and rear tires and
• Check
install them on the rim accordingly.
Tire Rotation Mark [A]
Rotating Direction [B]
the tire on the rim so that the valve [A] align with
• Position
the tire balance mark [B] (the chalk mark made during
•
•
•
removal, or the yellow paint mark on a new tire).
Install the tire bead over the rim flange using a suitable
commercially available tire changer.
Lubricate the tire beads and rim flanges with a soap and
water solution or rubber lubricant to help seat the tire
beads in the sealing surfaces of the rim while inflating the
tire.
Center the rim in the tire beads, and inflate the tire with
compressed air until the tire beads seat in the sealing
surfaces.
WARNING
Be sure to install the valve core whenever inflating
the tire, and do not inflate the tire to more than 400
kPa (4.0 kgf/cm², 57 psi). Overinflation can explode
the tire with possibility of injury and loss of life.
WHEELS / TIRES 10-15
Tires
to see that the rim lines [A] on both sides of the tire
• Check
sidewalls are parallel with the rim flanges.
If the rim flanges and tire sidewall rim lines are not parallel,
remove the valve core.
Lubricate the rim flanges and tire beads.
Install the valve core and inflate the tire again.
After the tire beads seat in the rim flanges, check for air
leakage.
○Inflate the tire slightly above standard inflation.
○Use a soap and water solution or submerge the tire, and
check for bubbles that would indicate leakage.
Adjust the air pressure to the specified pressure (see Tire
Inspection).
Install the air valve cap.
Install the brake disc(s) so that the marked side faces out
(see Brakes chapter).
Adjust the wheel balance (see Balance Adjustment).
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Tire Repair
Currently two types of repair for tubeless tires have come
into wide use. One type is called a temporary (external) repair which can be carried out without removing the tire from
the rim, and the other type is called permanent (internal)
repair which requires tire removal. It is generally understood that higher running durability is obtained by permanent (internal) repairs than by temporary (external) ones.
Also, permanent (internal) repairs have the advantage of
permitting a thorough examination for secondary damage
not visible from external inspection of the tire. For these
reasons, Kawasaki does not recommend temporary (external) repair. Only appropriate permanent (internal) repairs
are recommended. Repair methods may vary slightly from
make to make. Follow the repair methods indicated by the
manufacturer of the repair tools and materials so that safe
results can be obtained.
10-16 WHEELS / TIRES
Hub Bearing
Hub Bearing Removal
the wheel, and take out the following.
• Remove
Collars
Coupling (out of rear hub)
Grease Seals
Circlips [A] (Rear Hub only)
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143 [B]
• Use the bearing remover to remove the hub bearing [A].
CAUTION
Do not lay the wheel on the ground with the disc
facing down. This can damage or warp the disc.
Place blocks under the wheel so that the disc does
not touch the ground.
Special Tools - Bearing Remover Shaft, 13: 57001–1377
[B]
Bearing Remover Head, 25 × 28:
57001–1346 [C]
Hub Bearing Installation
installing the wheel bearings, blow any dirt or for• Before
eign particles out of the hub with compressed air to pre-
•
vent contamination of the bearings.
Replace the bearings with new ones.
NOTE
○Install the bearings so that the marked side faces out.
the bearings by using the bearing driver set which
• Install
does not contact the bearing inner race.
• Press in each right the bearing [A] until they are bottomed.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set: 57001–1129 [B]
• Replace the circlips with new ones (rear hub only).
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143
the grease seals with new ones.
• Replace
Press
in
the grease seals [A] so that the seal surface is
• flush [B] with
the end of the hole.
○Apply high temperature grease to the grease seal lips.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set: 57001–1129 [C]
WHEELS / TIRES 10-17
Hub Bearing
Hub Bearing Inspection
Since the hub bearings are made to extremely close tolerances, the clearance can not normally be measured.
NOTE
○Do not remove any bearings for inspection. If any bearings are removed, they will need to be replaced with
new ones.
each bearing in the hub back and forth [A] while
• Turn
checking for plays, roughness, or binding.
•
If bearing play, roughness, or binding is found, replace
the bearing.
Examine the bearing seal [B] for tears or leakage.
If the seal is torn or is leaking, replace the bearing.
Hub Bearing Lubrication
NOTE
○Since the hub bearings are packed with grease and
sealed, lubrication is not required.
FINAL DRIVE 11-1
Final Drive
Table of Contents
Exploded View .......................................................................................................................
Specifications ........................................................................................................................
Special Tools ..........................................................................................................................
Drive Chain.............................................................................................................................
Drive Chain Slack Inspection ............................................................................................
Drive Chain Slack Adjustment ..........................................................................................
Wheel Alignment Inspection/Adjustment ..........................................................................
Drive Chain Wear Inspection ............................................................................................
Drive Chain Lubrication.....................................................................................................
Drive Chain Removal ........................................................................................................
Drive Chain Installation .....................................................................................................
Drive Chain Replacement .................................................................................................
Sprocket, Coupling .................................................................................................................
Engine Sprocket Removal ................................................................................................
Engine Sprocket Installation .............................................................................................
Rear Sprocket Removal....................................................................................................
Rear Sprocket Installation.................................................................................................
Coupling Installation..........................................................................................................
Coupling Bearing Removal ...............................................................................................
Coupling Bearing Installation ............................................................................................
Coupling Bearing Inspection .............................................................................................
Coupling Bearing Lubrication............................................................................................
Coupling Damper Inspection.............................................................................................
Sprocket Wear Inspection.................................................................................................
Rear Sprocket Warp Inspection ........................................................................................
11-2
11-4
11-5
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-10
11-10
11-10
11-11
11-11
11-11
11-11
11-12
11-12
11-12
11-12
11-13
11-13
11
11-2 FINAL DRIVE
Exploded View
FINAL DRIVE 11-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Speed sensor bolt
2 Engine sprocket cover bolts
3 Engine sprocket nut
4 Rear axle nut
5 Rear sprocket nuts
6. Drive chain joint (ZX636–B2 ∼ )
G: Apply grease.
HO: Apply heavy oil.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
MO: Apply molybdenum disulfide oil solution.
R: Replacement parts.
N·m
3.9
6.9
125
127
59
Torque
kgf·m
0.40
0.70
13.0
13.0
6.0
ft·lb
35 in·lb
61 in·lb
92
94
43
Remarks
L
MO
11-4 FINAL DRIVE
Specifications
Item
Standard
Service Limit
Drive Chain:
Standard chain
Make
Type
Link
Sprockets:
Rear sprocket warp
ENUMA
EK520MVXL, Endless
108 links
0.4 mm (0.016 in.) or less
– – –
– – –
– – –
0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
FINAL DRIVE 11-5
Special Tools
Inside Circlip Pliers:
57001–143
Bearing Driver Set:
57001–1129
Jack:
57001–1238
11-6 FINAL DRIVE
Drive Chain
Drive Chain Slack Inspection
○Refer to the Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Drive Chain Slack Adjustment
○Refer to the Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Wheel Alignment Inspection/Adjustment
○Refer to the Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Drive Chain Wear Inspection
○Refer to the Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Drive Chain Lubrication
○Refer to the Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Drive Chain Removal
• Remove:
Chain Cover/Inner Fender Screws [A]
Inner Fender (see Frame chapter) [B]
Chain Cover [C]
Rear Wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter)
Swingarm (see Suspension chapter)
Engine Sprocket Cover (see Engine Sprocket Removal)
the drive chain [A] from the engine sprocket
• Disengage
[B], and take it off the chassis.
Drive Chain Installation
the drive chain to the engine sprocket.
• Engage
Install:
• Swingarm (see Suspension chapter)
Rear Wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter)
Engine Sprocket Cover (see Engine Sprocket Installation)
Chain Cover
Inner Fender
○Fit the flap [A] of the chain cover into the slot [B] in the
swingarm.
Adjust the drive chain slack after installing the chain (see
Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
•
Drive Chain Replacement
• Remove:
Chain Cover (see Drive Chain Removal)
Engine Sprocket Cover (see Engine Sprocket Removal)
FINAL DRIVE 11-7
Drive Chain
EK JOINT TOOL #50
Body [A]
Handlebar [B]
Cutting and Riveting Pin [C]
For Cutting [D]
For Riveting [E]
Plate Holder (A) [F]
Plate Holder (B) [G]
Gauge [H]
[A] pin head to make it flat.
• Grind
Set
cutting
and riveting pin [B] as shown.
•
pin holder until it touches chain pin.
• Screw
Be
sure
that cutting pin hits center of chain pin.
•
handlebar [A] into body.
• Screw
Turn
pin
• pin. holder with wrench [B] clockwise to extract chain
the link pin, link plate and grease seals.
• Replace
Apply
grease
to the link pins [A] and grease seals [B] [C].
• Engage the drive
on the engine and rear sprockets.
• Insert the link pinschain
in
the
drive chain ends.
• Install the grease seals [C].
• Install the link plate so that the mark [D] faces out.
• Push link plate by hand or plier to fix it.
• In case of grease seal chain, be sure to set grease seals
• correctly.
11-8 FINAL DRIVE
Drive Chain
plate holder (A) [A] and plate holder (B) [B] on the
• Set
body.
plate holder (A) to link plate.
• Fit
Turn
holder by hand until plate holder (B) touches the
• otherpin
link plate.
pin holder by wrench clockwise until two pins of link
• Turn
come into groove of plate holder (A).
• Take off plate holder.
plate holder (B) [A] and cutting and riveting pin [B] as
• Set
shown.
• Turn pin holder until riveting pin touches link pin.
FINAL DRIVE 11-9
Drive Chain
wrench clockwise until tip of riveting pin hits of link
• Turn
pin.
it.
• Rivet
• Some work for the other link pin.
staking, check the staked area of the link pin for
• After
cracks.
the outside diameter [A] of the link pin and link
• Measure
plates width [B].
Link Pin Outside Diameter
Standard:
5.6 ∼ 6.0 mm (0.22 ∼ 0.24 in.)
Link Plates Outside Width
Standard:
17.45 ∼ 17.60 mm (0.687 ∼ 0.693 in.)
•
•
If the reading exceeds the specified length, cut and rejoin
the chain again.
Check:
Movement of the Rollers
Adjust the drive chain slack after installing the chain (see
Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
11-10 FINAL DRIVE
Sprocket, Coupling
Engine Sprocket Removal
• Remove:
Speed Sensor Bolt [A]
Speed Sensor [B]
Engine Sprocket Cover Bolts [C]
Engine Sprocket Cover [D]
out the bended washer [A].
• Flatten
Remove
the engine sprocket nut [B] and washer.
•
NOTE
○When loosening the engine sprocket nut, hold the rear
brake on.
• Using the jack, raise the rear wheel off the ground.
Special Tool - Jack : 57001–1238
the axle cotter pin, and loosen the rear axle nut.
• Remove
Loosen
the
• chain. both chain adjuster locknut to loosen the drive
the drive chain from the rear sprocket toward the
• Remove
right.
the drive chain [A] from the engine sprocket
• Disengage
[B].
• Pull the engine sprocket off the output shaft [C].
Engine Sprocket Installation
the sprocket washer and axle cotter pin.
• Replace
Install
the
engine sprocket onto the shaft so that the mark
• side [A] faces
outwards.
Apply
molybdenum
disulfide oil to the threads of the out• put shaft and the seating
surface of the engine sprocket
•
nut.
After torquing the engine sprocket nut, bend the one side
of the washer over the nut.
NOTE
○Tighten the nut while applying the rear brake.
Torque - Engine Sprocket Nut : 125 N·m (13.0 kgf·m, 92
ft·lb)
the drive chain slack after installing the sprocket
• Adjust
(see Final Drive in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
• Install the engine sprocket cover, and tighten the bolts.
Torque - Engine Sprocket Cover Bolts: 6.9 N·m (0.70 kgf·m,
61 in·lb)
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the speed sensor bolt, and tighten it.
Torque - Speed Sensor Bolt: 3.9 N·m (0.40 kgf·m, 35 in·lb)
the end of axle cotter pin surely after tightening the
• Bend
axle nut.
FINAL DRIVE 11-11
Sprocket, Coupling
Rear Sprocket Removal
• Remove the rear wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter).
CAUTION
Do not lay the wheel on the ground with the disc
facing down. This can damage or warp the disc.
Place blocks under the wheel so that the disc does
not touch the ground.
the rear sprocket nuts [A].
• Remove
Remove
the rear sprocket [B].
•
Rear Sprocket Installation
the sprocket facing the tooth number marking [A]
• Install
outward.
• Tighten the rear sprocket nuts.
Torque - Rear Sprocket Nut : 59 N·m (6.0 kgf·m, 43 ft·lb)
• Install the rear wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter).
Coupling Installation
the following and install the coupling.
• Grease
Coupling Grease Seal [A]
Coupling Internal Surface [B]
Ball Bearing [C]
Coupling Bearing Removal
• Remove:
Coupling
Grease Seal
Circlip [A]
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143 [B]
• Remove the bearing [A] by tapping from the wheel side.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set: 57001–1129 [B]
11-12 FINAL DRIVE
Sprocket, Coupling
Coupling Bearing Installation
the bearing with a new one.
• Replace
Press
in
the
bearing [A] until it is bottomed.
•
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set: 57001–1129 [B]
the bearing with high temperature grease.
• Pack
Replace
the circlip with a new one.
•
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143
the grease seal with a new one.
• Replace
Press
in
the
seal so that the seal surface is flush
• with the end grease
of the hole.
○Apply high temperature grease to the grease seal lips.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set : 57001–1129
Coupling Bearing Inspection
Since the coupling bearing is made to extremely close
tolerances, the clearance can not normally be measured.
NOTE
○It is not necessary to remove the coupling bearing for
inspection. If the bearing is removed, it will need to be
replaced with a new one.
the bearing in the coupling back and forth [A] while
• Turn
checking for plays, roughness, or binding.
•
If bearing play, roughness, or binding is found, replace
the bearing.
Examine the bearing seal [B] for tears or leakage.
If the seal is torn or is leaking, replace the bearing.
Coupling Bearing Lubrication
the bearing with good quality bearing grease. Turn
• Pack
the bearing around by hand a few times to make sure the
grease is distributed uniformly inside the bearing.
Coupling Damper Inspection
the rear wheel coupling, and inspect the rubber
• Remove
dampers [A].
the damper if it appears damaged or deterio• Replace
rated.
FINAL DRIVE 11-13
Sprocket, Coupling
Sprocket Wear Inspection
inspect the engine and rear sprocket teeth for
• Visually
wear and damage.
If the teeth are worn as illustrated, replace the sprocket,
and inspect the drive chain wear (see Final Drive in the
Periodic Maintenance chapter).
[A] Worn Tooth (Engine Sprocket)
[B] Worn Tooth (Rear Sprocket)
[C] Direction of Rotation
NOTE
○If a sprocket requires replacement, the chain is probably
worn also.
When replacing a sprocket, inspect the chain.
Rear Sprocket Warp Inspection
the rear wheel off the ground (see Wheels/Tires
• Raise
chapter) so that it will turn freely.
a dial gauge [A] against the rear sprocket [B] near the
• Set
teeth as shown, and rotate [C] the rear wheel to measure
the sprocket runout (warp). The difference between the
highest and lowest dial gauge readings is the amount of
runout (warp).
If the runout exceeds the service limit, replace the rear
sprocket.
Rear Sprocket Warp
Standard:
Service Limit:
0.4 mm (0.016 in.) or less
0.5 mm (0.02 in.)
BRAKES 12-1
Brakes
Table of Contents
Exploded View ..................................
Specifications ...................................
Special Tools .....................................
Brake Pedal .......................................
Brake Lever Position Adjustment.
Brake Pedal Position Inspection .
Brake Pedal Position Adjustment
Calipers .............................................
Front Caliper Removal .................
Rear Caliper Removal..................
Caliper Installation .......................
Front Caliper Disassembly...........
Front Caliper Assembly................
Rear Caliper Disassembly ...........
Rear Caliper Assembly ................
Caliper Fluid Seal Damage ..........
Caliper Dust Seal/Friction Boot
Damage.....................................
Caliper Piston and Cylinder
Damage.....................................
Caliper Holder Shaft Wear ...........
Brake Pads ........................................
Front Brake Pad Removal............
Front Brake Pad Installation.........
Rear Brake Pad Removal ...........
12-2
12-6
12-7
12-8
12-8
12-8
12-8
12-9
12-9
12-9
12-9
12-10
12-11
12-11
12-12
12-13
12-13
12-13
12-14
12-15
12-15
12-15
12-15
Rear Brake Pad Installation .........
Brake Pad Wear Inspection .........
Master Cylinder .................................
Front Master Cylinder Removal ...
Front Master Cylinder Installation
Rear Master Cylinder Removal....
Rear Master Cylinder Installation.
Front Master Cylinder
Disassembly..............................
Rear Master Cylinder
Disassembly..............................
Master Cylinder Assembly ...........
Master Cylinder Inspection ..........
Brake Disc .........................................
Brake Disc Removal ....................
Brake Disc Installation .................
Brake Disc Wear ..........................
Brake Disc Warp ..........................
Brake Fluid ........................................
Level Inspection ...........................
Brake Fluid Change .....................
Bleeding the Brake Line...............
Brake Hose........................................
Brake Hose Removal/Installation.
Brake Hose Inspection.................
12-16
12-16
12-17
12-17
12-17
12-17
12-18
12-18
12-18
12-19
12-19
12-21
12-21
12-21
12-21
12-21
12-22
12-22
12-22
12-22
12-23
12-23
12-23
12
12-2 BRAKES
Exploded View
BRAKES 12-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Brake lever pivot bolt
2 Front master cylinder clamp bolts
3 Front brake light switch screw
4 Front brake reservoir cap stopper screw
5 Brake lever pivot bolt locknut
6 Brake hose banjo bolts
7 Front caliper mounting bolts
8 Front caliper assembly bolts
9 Front brake pad pins
10 Front brake disc mounting bolts
11 Bleed valves
B: Apply brake fluid.
R: Replacement Parts
S: Follow the specific tightening sequence.
Si: Apply silicone grease (ex. PBC grease).
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
N·m
1.0
8.8
1.2
1.2
6.0
25
34
22
15
27
7.8
Torque
kgf·m
0.10
0.90
0.12
0.12
0.61
2.5
3.5
2.2
1.5
2.8
0.80
ft·lb
89 in·lb
78 in·lb
10 in·lb
10 in·lb
53 in·lb
18
25
16
11
20
69 in·lb
Remarks
Si
S
L
12-4 BRAKES
Exploded View
BRAKES 12-5
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Brake hose banjo bolts
2 Rear master cylinder mounting bolts
3 Rear master cylinder push rod locknut
4 Bleed valve
5 Rear brake disc mounting bolts
6 Rear caliper mounting bolts
B: Apply brake fluid.
G: Apply grease.
R: Replacement Parts
Si: Apply silicone grease (ex. PBC grease).
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
N·m
25
25
18
7.8
27
25
Torque
kgf·m
2.5
2.5
1.8
0.80
2.8
2.5
ft·lb
18
18
13
69 in·lb
20
18
Remarks
L
12-6 BRAKES
Specifications
Item
Brake Lever, Brake Pedal:
Brake lever position
Brake lever free play
Pedal free play
Pedal position
Brake Discs:
Thickness
Front
Rear
Runout
Standard
5-way adjustable (to suit rider)
Non-adjustable
Non-adjustable
About 45 mm (1.8 in.) below footpeg top
5.8 ∼ 6.2 mm (0.23 ∼ 0.24 in.)
4.8 ∼ 5.2 mm (0.19 ∼ 0.20 in.)
0.15 mm (0.006 in.) or less
Service Limit
-
-
-
5.5 mm (0.22 in.)
4.5 mm (0.18 in.)
0.3 mm (0.01 in.)
BRAKES 12-7
Special Tools
Inside Circlip Pliers:
57001–143
Jack:
57001–1238
12-8 BRAKES
Brake Pedal
Brake Lever Position Adjustment
The brake lever adjuster has 5 positions so that the brake
lever position can be adjusted to suit the operator’s hand.
Push the lever forward and turn the adjuster [A] to align
the number with the arrow mark [B] on the lever holder.
○The distance from the grip to the lever is minimum at number 5 and maximum at number 1.
•
Brake Pedal Position Inspection
that the brake pedal [A] is in the correct position.
• Check
[B] Footpeg
Pedal Position
Standard:
About 45 mm (1.8 in.) [C] below top of
footpeg
If it is incorrect, adjust the brake pedal position.
Brake Pedal Position Adjustment
NOTE
○Usually it is not necessary to adjust the pedal position,
but always adjust it when push rod locknut has been
loosened.
the rear master cylinder cover [B], and then
• Remove
tighten the master cylinder bolts [A] only.
the locknut [A] and turn the push rod with the hex
• Loosen
head [B] to achieve the correct pedal position.
•
If the length [C] shown is 67 ± 1 mm (2.6 ± 0.04 in.), the
pedal position will be within the standard range.
Tighten:
Torque - Rear Master Cylinder Push Rod Locknut: 18 N·m
(1.8 kgf·m, 13 ft·lb)
the brake light switch operation (see Brakes in the
• Check
Periodic Maintenance chapter).
BRAKES 12-9
Calipers
Front Caliper Removal
the banjo bolt [A] at the brake hose lower end,
• Loosen
and tighten it loosely.
the caliper mounting bolts [B], and detach the
• Unscrew
caliper [C] from the disc.
CAUTION
Do not loosen the caliper assembly bolts [D]. Take
out only the caliper mounting bolts for caliper removal. Loosening the caliper assembly bolts will
cause brake fluid leakage.
the banjo bolt and remove the brake hose [E]
• Unscrew
from the caliper (see Brake Hose Removal/Installation).
CAUTION
Immediately wash away any brake fluid that spills.
NOTE
○If the caliper is to be disassembled after removal and if
compressed air is not available, disassemble the caliper
before the brake hose is removed (see Front Caliper
Disassembly).
Rear Caliper Removal
the banjo bolt [A] at the brake hose lower end,
• Loosen
and tighten it loosely.
the caliper mounting bolts [B], and detach the
• Unscrew
caliper [C] from the disc.
the banjo bolt and remove the brake hose [D]
• Unscrew
from the caliper (see Brake Hose Removal/Installation).
CAUTION
Immediately wash away any brake fluid that spills.
NOTE
○If the caliper is to be disassembled after removal and if
compressed air is not available, disassemble the caliper
before the brake hose is removed (see Rear Caliper
Disassembly).
Caliper Installation
the caliper and brake hose lower end.
•○Install
Replace the washers on each side of hose fitting with new
•
ones.
Tighten:
Torque - Caliper Mounting Bolts (Front): 34 N·m (3.5 kgf·m,
25 ft·lb)
Caliper Mounting Bolts (Rear): 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m,
18 ft·lb)
Brake Hose Banjo Bolt: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
the fluid level in the brake reservoirs.
• Check
Bleed
the
brake line (see Brakes in the Periodic Mainte• nance chapter).
the brake for good braking power, no brake drag,
• Check
and no fluid leakage.
12-10 BRAKES
Calipers
WARNING
Do not attempt to drive the motorcycle until a full
brake lever or pedal is obtained by pumping the
brake lever or pedal until the pads are against the
disc. The brakes will not function on the first application of the lever or pedal if this is not done.
Front Caliper Disassembly
the front caliper assembly bolt [A] and banjo bolt
• Loosen
[B], and tighten them loosely.
• Remove:
Front Caliper [C] (see Front Caliper Removal)
Brake Pads (see Front Brake Pad Removal)
Front Caliper Assembly Bolts
O-rings
compressed air, remove the pistons.
• Using
remove the pistons is as follows.
One way to
○Install a rubber gasket [A] and a wooden board [B] more
than 10 mm (0.4 in.) thick on the caliper half, and fasten them together with a suitable bolt and nut as shown.
Leave one of the oil passages [C] open.
○Lightly apply compressed air [D] to the oil passage until
the pistons hit the rubber gasket. Block the hose joint
opening [E] during this operation if the caliper half has
the opening.
Bolt and Nut [F]
Oil Passage sealed by Rubber Gasket. [G]
Push down. [H]
WARNING
To avoid serious injury, never place your fingers or
palm in front of the piston. If you apply compressed
air into the caliper, the piston may crush your hand
or fingers.
○Pull out the pistons by hand.
the dust seals [A] and fluid seals [B].
• Remove
Remove
bleed valve [C] and rubber cap [D].
• Repeat thetheprevious
step to remove the pistons from the
• other side of the caliper
body.
NOTE
○If compressed air is not available, do as follows for both
calipers coincidentally, with the brake hose connected
to the caliper.
○Prepare a container for brake fluid, and perform the
work above it.
○Remove the spring and pads (see Front Brake Pad Removal).
○Pump the brake lever until the pistons come out of the
cylinders, and then disassemble the caliper.
BRAKES 12-11
Calipers
Front Caliper Assembly
• Clean the caliper parts except for the pads.
CAUTION
For cleaning of the parts, use only disc brake fluid,
isopropyl alcohol, or ethyl alcohol.
• Install the bleed valve and rubber cap.
Torque - Bleed Valve: 7.8 N·m (0.80 kgf·m, 69 in·lb)
the fluid seals [A] with new ones.
•○Replace
Apply brake fluid to the fluid seals, and install them into
the cylinders by hand.
Replace the dust seals [B] with new ones if they are damaged.
○Apply brake fluid to the dust seals, and install them into
the cylinders by hand.
•
the O–rings [A] if they are damaged.
• Replace
brake fluid to the outside of the pistons, and push
• Apply
them into each cylinder by hand.
sure to install the O-rings.
• Be
Tighten
the caliper assembly bolts.
•
Torque - Front Caliper Assembly Bolts: 22 N·m (2.2 kgf·m,
16 ft·lb)
the pads (see Front Brake Pad Installation).
• Install
Wipe
up
• cloth. any spilled brake fluid on the caliper with wet
Rear Caliper Disassembly
the rear caliper.
• Remove
Remove
the
• Pad Removal).pads and anti-rattle spring (see Rear Brake
compressed air, remove the piston.
•○Using
Cover the caliper opening with a clean, heavy cloth [A].
○Remove the piston by lightly applying compressed air [B]
to where the brake line fits into the caliper.
WARNING
To avoid serious injury, never place your fingers or
palm inside the caliper opening. If you apply compressed air into the caliper, the piston may crush
your hand or fingers.
the dust seal and fluid seal.
• Remove
Remove
the bleed valve and rubber cap.
•
12-12 BRAKES
Calipers
NOTE
○If compressed air is not available, do as follows with the
brake hose connected to the caliper.
○Prepare a container for brake fluid, and perform the
work above it.
○Remove the pads and spring (see Rear Brake Pad Removal).
○Pump the brake pedal to remove the caliper piston.
Rear Caliper Assembly
• Clean the caliper parts except for the pads.
CAUTION
For cleaning of the parts, use only disc brake fluid,
isopropyl alcohol, or ethyl alcohol.
• Install the bleed valve and rubber cap.
Torque - Bleed Valve: 7.8 N·m (0.80 kgf·m, 69 in·lb)
the fluid seal [A] with a new one.
•○Replace
Apply brake fluid to the fluid seal, and install it into the
cylinder by hand.
Replace the dust seal [B] with a new one if it is damaged.
○Apply brake fluid to the dust seal, and install it into the
cylinder by hand.
•
brake fluid to the outside of the piston, and push it
• Apply
into the cylinder by hand.
the shaft rubber friction boot [A] and dust boot
• Replace
[B] if they are damaged.
a thin coat of PBC (Poly Butyl Cuprysil) grease to
• Apply
the caliper holder shafts [C] and holder holes [D] (PBC is
a special high temperature, water-resistance grease).
the anti-rattle spring [A] in the caliper as shown.
• Install
Install
pads (see Rear Brake Pad Installation).
• Wipe uptheany
spilled brake fluid on the caliper with wet
• cloth.
BRAKES 12-13
Calipers
Caliper Fluid Seal Damage
The fluid seals [A] around the piston maintain the proper
pad/disc clearance. If the seals are not satisfactory, pad
wear will increase, and constant pad drag on the disc will
raise brake and brake fluid temperature.
Remove the calipers (see Brakes chapter)
Replace the fluid seals under any of the following conditions: (a) fluid leakage around the pad; (b) brakes overheat (c) there is a large difference in inner and outer pad
wear; (d) the seal is stuck to the piston.
If the fluid seal is replace, replace the dust seal as well.
Also, replace all seals every other time the pads are
changed.
•
•
Caliper Dust Seal/Friction Boot Damage
the calipers (see Brakes chapter).
• Remove
that the dust seals [B] and friction boot [C] are not
• Check
cracked, worn, swollen, or otherwise damaged.
If they show any damage, remove the caliper bracket and
replace them.
Front Caliper [D]
Rear Caliper [E]
Dust Boot [F]
Caliper Piston and Cylinder Damage
inspect the piston [A] and cylinder surfaces.
• Visually
Replace the caliper if the cylinder and piston are badly
scores or rusty.
Front Caliper [B]
Rear Caliper [C]
Dust Boot [D]
12-14 BRAKES
Calipers
Caliper Holder Shaft Wear
The caliper body must slide smoothly on the caliper holder
shafts [A]. If the body does not slide smoothly, one pad will
wear more than the other, pad wear will increase, and constant drag on the disc will raise brake and brake fluid temperature.
Check to see that the caliper holder shafts are not badly
worn or stepped, and that the rubber friction boots are not
damaged.
If the rubber friction boot is damaged, replace the rubber
friction boot. To replace the friction boot, remove the pads
and the caliper bracket.
If the caliper holder shaft is damage, replace the caliper
bracket.
•
BRAKES 12-15
Brake Pads
Front Brake Pad Removal
• Remove:
Pad Spring Bolts [A]
Pad Spring [B]
• Remove:
Brake Pads [A]
Front Brake Pad Installation
the caliper pistons in by hand as far as they will go.
• Push
Install
the brake pads.
• Install the
• the pads. pad pin and clip. The clip must be "outside" of
• Install the pad spring and tighten the pad spring bolts.
Torque - Front Brake Pad Spring Bolts: 2.9 N·m (0.30 kgf·m,
26 in·lb)
WARNING
Do not attempt to drive the motorcycle until a full
brake lever is obtained by pumping the brake lever
and the pads are against the disc. The brake will
not function on the first application of the lever if
this is not done.
Rear Brake Pad Removal
the caliper with the hose installed.
• Remove
Remove:
• Clip [A]
Pad Pin [B]
Brake Pads [C]
12-16 BRAKES
Brake Pads
Rear Brake Pad Installation
the caliper piston in by hand as far as it will go.
• Push
Install
anti-rattle spring in place.
• Install the
the brake pads.
• Install the
• the pads. pad pin and clip. The clip must be "outside" of
• Install the caliper (see Caliper Installation).
WARNING
Do not attempt to drive the motorcycle until a full
brake pedal is obtained by pumping the brake pedal
until the pads are against the disc. The brake will
not function on the first application of the pedal if
this is not done.
Brake Pad Wear Inspection
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
BRAKES 12-17
Master Cylinder
Front Master Cylinder Removal
• Loosen the reservoir bracket bolts [A].
the front brake light switch connectors.
• Disconnect
Remove
the
banjo bolt [A] to disconnect the brake hose
• from the master
cylinder (see Brake Hose Removal/In-
•
stallation).
Unscrew the clamp bolts [B], and take off the master cylinder [C] as an assembly with the reservoir, brake lever, and
brake switch installed.
CAUTION
Immediately wash away any brake fluid that spills.
Front Master Cylinder Installation
the front master cylinder to match its mating surface
• Set
[A] to the punch mark [B] of the handlebar.
master cylinder clamp must be installed with the ar• The
row mark [C] upward.
the upper clamp bolt first, and then the lower
• Tighten
clamp bolt. There will be a gap at the lower part of the
clamp after tightening.
Torque - Front Master Cylinder Clamp Bolts: 8.8 N·m (0.90
kgf·m, 78 in·lb)
the washers that are on each side of the hose
• Replace
fitting with new ones.
• Tighten:
Torque - Brake Hose Banjo Bolt: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
the brake line (see Brakes in the Periodic Mainte• Bleed
nance chapter).
the brake for good braking power, no brake drag,
• Check
and no fluid leakage.
Rear Master Cylinder Removal
the brake hose banjo bolt [A] on the master cylin• Unscrew
der (see Brake Hose Removal/Installation).
off the reservoir hose lower end [B], and drain the
• Pull
brake fluid into a container.
• Remove the cotter pin [C] and join pin [D].
○Pull
NOTE
off the joint pin while pressing down the brake
pedal.
the master cylinder mounting bolts [E], and take
• Unscrew
off the master cylinder [F] and master cylinder cover [G].
12-18 BRAKES
Master Cylinder
Rear Master Cylinder Installation
the cotter pin with a new one.
• Replace
Replace
the
washers that are on each side of hose fitting
• with new ones.
• Tighten:
Torque - Rear Master Cylinder Mounting Bolts: 25 N·m (2.5
kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
Brake Hose Banjo Bolt: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
the brake line (see Brakes in the Periodic Mainte• Bleed
nance chapter).
the brake for good braking power, no brake drag,
• Check
and no fluid leakage.
Front Master Cylinder Disassembly
the front master cylinder (see Front Master Cylin• Remove
der Removal).
the reservoir cap and diaphragm, and pour the
• Remove
brake fluid into a container.
the locknut and pivot bolt, and remove the brake
• Unscrew
lever.
the dust cover [A] out of place, and remove the circlip
• Pull
[B].
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143
out the piston [C], secondary cup [D], primary cup
• Take
[E], and return spring [F].
CAUTION
Do not remove the secondary cup from the piston
since removal will damage it.
Rear Master Cylinder Disassembly
NOTE
○Do not remove the push rod clevis for master cylinder
disassembly since removal requires brake pedal position adjustment.
the rear master cylinder (see Rear Master Cylin• Remove
der Removal).
the dust cover on the push rod out of place, and
• Slide
remove the circlip.
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143
out the push rod with the piston stop.
• Pull
Take
off the piston [A], secondary cup [B], primary cup [C],
• and return
spring [D].
CAUTION
Do not remove the secondary cup from the piston
since removal will damage it.
BRAKES 12-19
Master Cylinder
Master Cylinder Assembly
assembly, clean all parts including the master
• Before
cylinder with brake fluid or alcohol.
CAUTION
Except for the disc pads and disc, use only disc
brake fluid, isopropyl alcohol, or ethyl alcohol for
cleaning of the brake parts. Do not use any other
fluid for cleaning of these parts, Gasoline, engine
oil, or any other petroleum distillate will cause deterioration of the rubber parts. Oil spilled on any
part will be difficult to wash off completely, and will
eventually deteriorate the rubber used in the disc
brake.
brake fluid to the removed parts and to the inner
• Apply
wall of the cylinder.
care not to scratch the piston or the inner wall of the
• Take
cylinder.
silicone grease (ex. PBC grease)
• Apply
Brake Lever Pivot Bolt
•
Brake Lever Pivot Contact
Push Rod Contact (Rear)
Dust Covers
Tighten:
Torque - Brake Lever Pivot Bolt: 1.0 N·m (0.10 kgf·m, 9
in·lb)
Brake Lever Pivot Bolt Locknut: 5.9 N·m (0.60
kgf·m, 52 in·lb)
Master Cylinder Inspection
the master cylinders (see Brakes chapter).
• Remove
Disassemble
the front and rear master cylinders.
• Check that there
are no scratches, rust or pitting on the
• inner wall [A] of each
master cylinder and on the outside
•
of each piston [B].
If a master cylinder or piston shows any damage, replace
them.
Inspect the primary cup [C] and secondary cup [D].
If a cup is worn, damaged softened (rotted), or swollen,
the piston assembly should be replaced to renew the
cups.
If fluid leakage is noted at the brake lever, the piston assembly should be replaced to renew the cups.
Front Master Cylinder [J]
12-20 BRAKES
Master Cylinder
the dust covers [E] for damage.
• Check
If they are damaged, replace them.
the piston return spring [F] for any damage.
• Check
If the springs are damaged, replace them.
that relief port [G] and supply port [H] are not
• Check
plugged.
If the relief port becomes plugged, the brake pads will
drag on the disc. Blow the ports clean with compressed
air.
Rear Maser Cylinder [K]
BRAKES 12-21
Brake Disc
Brake Disc Removal
the wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter).
• Remove
Unscrew
the mounting bolts, and take off the disc.
• Remove the
gasket (Front Brake Disc only).
•
Brake Disc Installation
the gasket with a new one (Front Brake Disc
• Replace
only).
the brake disc on the wheel so that the marked side
• Install
[B] faces out.
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the rear brake disc mounting bolts [A].
• Tighten:
Torque - Brake Disc Mounting Bolts: 27 N·m (2.8 kgf·m, 20
ft·lb)
Brake Disc Wear
the thickness of each disc [A] at the point where
• Measure
it has worn the most.
If the disc has worn past the service limit, replace it.
[B] Measuring Area
Front Brake Discs Thickness
Standard:
5.8 ∼ 6.2 mm (0.23 ∼ 0.24 in.)
Service Limit:
5.5 mm (0.22 in.)
Rear Brake Discs Thickness
Standard:
4.8 ∼ 5.1 mm (0.19 ∼ 0.20 in.)
Service Limit:
4.5 mm (0.18 in.)
Brake Disc Warp
up the motorcycle so that the wheel is off the ground
• Jack
(see Wheels/Tires chapter).
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
○For front disc inspection, turn the handlebar fully to one
•
side.
Set up a dial gauge against the disc [A] as shown and
measure disc runout, while turning [B] the wheel by hand.
If runout exceeds the service limit, replace the disc.
Disc Runout
Standard:
Service Limit:
0.15 mm (0.006 in.) or less
0.3 mm (0.01 in.)
12-22 BRAKES
Brake Fluid
Level Inspection
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Brake Fluid Change
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Bleeding the Brake Line
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
BRAKES 12-23
Brake Hose
Brake Hose Removal/Installation
CAUTION
Brake fluid quickly ruins painted or plastic surfaces; any spilled fluid should be completely wiped
up immediately with wet cloth.
removing the brake hose, take care not to spill the
• When
brake fluid on the painted or plastic parts.
removing the brake hose, temporarily secure the
• When
end of the brake hose to some high place to keep fluid
•
•
•
loss to a minimum.
There are washers on each side of the brake hose fitting.
Replace them with new ones when installing.
When installing the hoses, avoid sharp bending, kinking,
flattening or twisting, and route the hoses according to
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing section in Appendix chapter.
Tighten:
Torque - Brake Hose Banjo Bolts: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18
ft·lb)
the brake line after installing the brake hose (see
• Bleed
Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter).
Brake Hose Inspection
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
SUSPENSION 13-1
Suspension
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Specifications .........................................................................................................................
Special Tools ..........................................................................................................................
Front Fork ...............................................................................................................................
Rebound Damping Force Adjustment...............................................................................
Compression Damping Force Adjustment ........................................................................
Spring Preload Adjustment ...............................................................................................
Front Fork Removal (each fork leg) ..................................................................................
Front Fork Installation .......................................................................................................
Front Fork Oil Change ......................................................................................................
Front Fork Disassembly ....................................................................................................
Front Fork Assembly.........................................................................................................
Inner Tube Inspection .......................................................................................................
Dust Seal Inspection .........................................................................................................
Spring Tension ..................................................................................................................
Rear Shock Absorber .............................................................................................................
Rebound Damping Force Adjustment...............................................................................
Compression Damping Force Adjustment ........................................................................
Spring Preload Adjustment ...............................................................................................
Rear Shock Absorber Removal ........................................................................................
Rear Shock Absorber Installation .....................................................................................
Rear Shock Absorber Inspection ......................................................................................
Rear Shock Absorber Scrapping ......................................................................................
Swingarm................................................................................................................................
Swingarm Removal...........................................................................................................
Swingarm Installation........................................................................................................
Swingarm Bearing Removal .............................................................................................
Swingarm Bearing Installation ..........................................................................................
Swingarm Bearing, Sleeve Inspection ..............................................................................
Swingarm Pivot Lubrication ..............................................................................................
Chain Guide Inspection.....................................................................................................
Tie-Rod, Rocker Arm ..............................................................................................................
Tie-Rod Removal ..............................................................................................................
Tie-Rod Installation ...........................................................................................................
Rocker Arm Removal........................................................................................................
Rocker Arm Installation.....................................................................................................
Rocker Arm/Tie-Rod Bearing, Sleeve Inspection .............................................................
Rocker Arm/Tie-Rod Lubrication.......................................................................................
13-2
13-6
13-7
13-9
13-9
13-9
13-10
13-10
13-11
13-11
13-15
13-15
13-16
13-17
13-17
13-18
13-18
13-18
13-18
13-19
13-20
13-20
13-20
13-21
13-21
13-21
13-22
13-23
13-23
13-23
13-23
13-24
13-24
13-24
13-24
13-24
13-25
13-25
13
13-2 SUSPENSION
Exploded View
SUSPENSION 13-3
Exploded View
Torque
No.
Fastener
Remarks
N·m
kgf·m
ft·lb
1 Front fork top plug
23
2.3
17
2 Front fork clamp bolts (upper)
20
2.0
14.5
3 Front fork clamp bolts (lower)
20
2.0
14.5
AL
4 Front fork bottom allen bolts
40
4.0
30
L
5 Front axle clamp bolts
20
2.0
14.5
AL
6 Piston rod nut
15
1.5
11
AL: Tighten the two clamp bolts alternately two times to ensure even tightening torque.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
R: Replacement Parts
13-4 SUSPENSION
Exploded View
SUSPENSION 13-5
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Rear shock absorber bracket nut
2 Rear shock absorber Nuts (upper and lower)
3 Tie-Rod Nuts
4 Uni-Trak rocker arm nut
5 Swingarm pivot shaft nut
6 Swingarm pivot shaft
ZX636
ZX600
7 Swingarm pivot shaft locknut
No.
Parts
8 Spacer set (Option)
9 Swingarm bracket (ZX600 Only)
STD
(LH)
(RH)
OPTION
(LH)
(RH)
(LH)
(RH)
G: Apply or add grease.
R: Replacement Parts
N·m
59
34
59
34
108
20
25
98
Torque
kgf·m
6.0
3.5
6.0
3.5
11
2.0
2.5
10
ft·lb
43
25
43
25
81
14
18
72
Remarks
Parts No.
92026–1586
Remarks
T1.0/T2.0/T3.2/T4.5
92152–1482
92152–1483
92152–0042
92152–0043
92152–0044
92152–0045
Swingarm pivot height no
changes.
Swingarm pivot height changes
plus or minus 1 mm (0.039 in.).
Swingarm pivot height changes
plus or minus 2 mm (0.079 in.).
13-6 SUSPENSION
Specifications
Item
Front Fork (per one unit):
Fork inner tube diameter
Air Pressure
Rebound damper setting
Compression damper setting
Fork spring preload setting
Fork Oil:
Viscosity
Amount:
When changing oil
After disassembly and
completely dry
Fork oil level: (fully compressed,
without spring, below from the top
of the inner tube)
Fork spring free length
Rear Shock Absorber:
Rebound damper set
ZX636–B2 ∼ :
Standard
41 mm (1.6 in.)
Atmospheric pressure (Non-adjustable)
8th click from the first click of the fully clockwise position
(Usable Range: 0 ←→ 11 clicks)
8th click from the first click of the fully clockwise position
(Usable Range: 0 ←→ 13 clicks)
Adjuster protrusion is 14 mm (0.55 in.)
(Usable Range: 4 ∼ 19 mm) (0.16 ∼ 0.75 in.)
KAYABA 01 or SAE 5W
Aprox. 410 mL (13.9 US oz.)
482 ± 4 mL (16.3 ± 0.14 US oz.)
101 ± 2 mm (3.98 ± 0.08 in.)
248 mm (9.76 in.) (Service limit: 243 mm (9.57 in.))
4 1/4 turns out from the fully clockwise position
2 turns out from the fully clockwise position
(Usable Range: 0 ←→ 4 1/2 turns out)
Compression damper set
3 1/2 turns out from the fully clockwise position
ZX636–B2 ∼ : 2 1/2 turns out from the fully clockwise position
(Usable Range: 0 ←→ 4 turns out)
Spring preload setting position
Standard
Spring length: 180 mm (7.1 in.)
Usable range
Spring length: 171.5 ∼ 191.5 mm (6.8 ∼ 7.5 in.)
(weaker to stronger)
Gas pressure
980 kPa (10 kgf/cm², 142 psi, Non-adjustable)
SUSPENSION 13-7
Special Tools
Inside Circlip Pliers:
57001–143
Fork Piston Rod Puller, M10 × 1.0:
57001–1298
Oil Seal & Bearing Remover:
57001–1058
Fork Spring Stopper:
57001–1316
Bearing Driver Set:
57001–1129
Hook Wrench:
57001–1522
Jack:
57001–1238
Hook Wrench:
57001–1533
Front Fork Oil Seal Driver:
57001–1288
Fork Cylinder Holder:
57001–1537
13-8 SUSPENSION
Special Tools
Fork Spring Compressor:
57001–1540
Swingarm Pivot Nut Wrench:
57001–1541
SUSPENSION 13-9
Front Fork
Rebound Damping Force Adjustment
adjust the rebound damping force, turn the rebound
• To
damping adjuster [A] until you feel a click.
○The standard adjuster setting for the average-build rider
of 68 kg (150 lb) with no passenger and no accessories
is the 8th click from the 1st click of the fully clockwise
position.
WARNING
If both adjusters are not adjusted equally, handling
may be impaired and a hazardous condition may
result.
○The damping force can be left soft for average riding. But
it should be adjusted harder for high speed riding or riding
with a passenger. If the damping feels too soft or too stiff,
adjust it in accordance with the following table.
Rebound Damping Force Adjustment
Adjuster
Damping
Position
Force
Setting
Load
Road
Speed
11
Weak
Soft
Light
Good
Low
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
0
Strong
Hard
Heavy
Bad
High
Compression Damping Force Adjustment
adjust the compression damping force, turn the com• To
pression damping adjuster [A] until you feel a click.
○The standard adjuster setting for the average-build rider
of 68 kg (150 lb) with no passenger and no accessories
is the 8th click from the 1st click of the fully clockwise
position.
WARNING
If both adjusters are not adjusted equally, handling
may be impaired and a hazardous condition may
result.
○The damping force can be left soft for average riding. But
it should be adjusted harder for high speed riding or riding
with a passenger. If the damping feels too soft or too stiff,
adjust it in accordance with the following table.
Compression Damping Force Adjustment
Adjuster
Damping
Position
Force
Setting
Load
Road
Speed
13
Weak
Soft
Light
Good
Low
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
0
Strong
Hard
Heavy
Bad
High
13-10 SUSPENSION
Front Fork
Spring Preload Adjustment
the spring preload adjuster [A] to change spring
• Turn
preload setting.
○The standard adjuster setting for the average-build rider
of 68 kg (150 lb) with no passenger and no accessories
is the 14 mm (0.55 in.) [B] from top as shown.
Adjuster Protrusion (from top)
Standard:
14 mm (0.55 in.)
Usable Range:
4 ∼ 19 mm (0.16 ∼ 0.75 in.)
WARNING
If both adjusters are not adjusted equally, handling
may be impaired and a hazardous condition may
result.
○The spring preload can be left soft for average riding. But
it should be adjusted harder for high speed riding or riding
with a passenger. If the spring action feels too soft or too
stiff, adjust it in accordance with the following table.
Spring Action
Adjuster
Damping
Position
Force
Setting
Load
Road
Speed
19 mm
Weak
Soft
Light
Good
Low
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
4 mm
Strong
Hard
Heavy
Bad
High
Front Fork Removal (each fork leg)
• Remove:
Lower and Upper Fairings (see Frame chapter)
Front Wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter)
Front Fender (see Frame chapter)
Loosen the handlebar bolt [A], upper fork clamp bolt [B]
and fork top plug [C] beforehand if the fork leg is to be
disassembled.
NOTE
○Loosen the top plug after loosening the handlebar
holder bolt and upper fork clamp bolt.
the handlebar bolt [A], upper fork clamp bolt [B]
• Loosen
and lower fork clamp bolts [C].
• With a twisting motion, work the fork leg down and out.
SUSPENSION 13-11
Front Fork
Front Fork Installation
the fork so that the top end [A] of the outer tube is
• Install
flush with the upper surface [B] of the steering stem head
•
bracket.
Tighten the lower fork clamp bolts and fork top bolt.
Torque - Front Fork Clamp Bolts (Lower): 20 N·m (2.0
kgf·m, 14.5 ft·lb)
Front Fork Top Plug: 23 N·m (2.3 kgf·m, 17 ft·lb)
• Tighten the handlebar holder bolt upper fork clamp bolt.
Torque - Handlebar Holder Bolt: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
Front Fork Clamp Bolt (Upper): 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m,
14.5 ft·lb)
NOTE
○Tighten the two clamp bolts alternately two times to ensure even tightening torque.
○Tighten the top plug before tightening the handlebar
holder bolt upper fork clamp bolt.
the removed parts (see appropriate chapters).
• Install
Adjust
the spring preload and the damping force.
•
Front Fork Oil Change
the front fork (see Front Fork Removal).
• Remove
Hold
the
tube lower end in a vise.
• Unscrew inner
the
top
plug [A] out of the outer tube.
•
• Install the clamps [A] as shown.
NOTE
○Set the clamps so that the cutout [B] of the upper side
does not touch the tongue shape of stopper, pull up the
outer tube [C] to hold it by the clamps, and then tighten
the two bolts [D]. The outer tube is used as a guide.
Special Tool - Fork Spring Compressor: 57001–1540
• Screw the handles in the clamps to the bottom.
13-12 SUSPENSION
Front Fork
holding up the top plug by one person, push down
• While
the fork spring compressor and insert the fork spring stopper [A] between the piston rod nut [B] and the clamps [C].
Special Tool - Fork Spring Stopper: 57001–1316
the piston rod nut with a wrench [A], remove the
• Holding
top plug [B] from the piston rod.
• Remove:
Washer [A]
Collar [B]
Rebound Damping Adjuster Rod [C]
Fork Spring [D]
the fork oil into a suitable container.
•○Drain
Pump the piston rod [B] up and down at least ten times to
expel the oil from the fork.
Special Tool - Fork Piston Rod Puller,
57001–1289 [A]
M12 × 12.5:
the fork tube upright, press the inner tube [A] and
• Hold
the piston rod all the way down.
• Pour in the type and amount of fork oil specified.
Fork Oil
Viscosity:
KAYABA 01 or SAE 5W
Amount (per side)
When changing oil:
approx. 410 mL (13.9 US oz.)
After disassembly and
completely dry:
482 ± 4 mL (16.3 ± 0.14 US
oz.)
SUSPENSION 13-13
Front Fork
If necessary, measure the oil level as follows.
○Hold the inner tube vertically in a vise.
○Pump the inner tube several times to expel air bubbles.
○Using the piston rod puller [A], move the piston rod [B] up
and down more than ten times in order to expel all the air
from the fork oil.
Special Tool - Fork Piston Rod Puller, M12 × 1.25: 57001
-1289
○Remove the piston rod puller.
○Wait until the oil level settles.
○With the fork fully compressed and the piston rod fully
pushed in, insert a tape measure or rod into the inner
tube, and measure the distance from the top of the outer
tube to the oil.
Oil Level (fully compressed, without spring)
Standard:
101 ± 2 mm (3.98 ± 0.08 in)
(from the top of the outer tube)
NOTE
○Fork oil lever may also be measured using the fork oil
level gauge.
Special Tool - Fork Oil Level Gauge: 57001-1290 [A]
○With the fork fully compressed and without fork spring,
insert the gauge tube into the inner tube [B] and position
the stopper across the top end [F] of the outer tube [C].
○Set the gauge stopper [D] so that its lower side shows the
oil level distance specified [E].
○Pull the handle slowly to pump out the excess oil until the
oil no longer comes out.
If no oil is pumped out, there is insufficient oil in the inner
tube. Pour in enough oil, then pump out the excess oil as
shown above.
the fork piston rod puller onto the end of the piston
• Screw
rod.
Special Tool - Fork Piston Rod Puller,
57001–1289
M12 × 1.25:
the puller up above the outer tube top.
• Pull
Install
• upward.the fork spring [A] with the smaller end facing [B]
• Install:
Spring Seat
Collar
13-14 SUSPENSION
Front Fork
the rod nut [B] onto the piston rod [A] as shown.
• Screw
Insert
the
• rod. rebound damping adjuster rod [C] into the piston
the distance [C] between the bottom end [A] of the
• Check
top plug and rebound damping adjuster [B] with a pair of
vernier caliper.
[C]: 13 mm (0.51 in)
the fork spring compressor [A] on the washer using
• Set
the outer tube as a guide.
Special Tool - Fork Spring Compressor: 57001-1540
holding up the fork piston rod puller [B] by one per• While
son, push down the fork spring compressor and insert the
fork spring stopper [C] between the piston rod nut [D] and
the clamps of the fork spring compressor.
Special Tool - Fork Spring Stopper: 57001–1316
the piston rod puller.
• Remove
Screw
in
top plug [A] stopped onto the piston rod.
• Check thetheO-ring
[B] on the top plug and replace it with a
• new one if damaged.
the top plug with a wrench, tighten the piston rod
• Holding
nut [C] against the top plug.
Torque - Piston Rod Nut: 15 N·m (1.5 kgf·m, 11 ft·lb)
holding up the fork spring compressor, pull out the
• While
fork spring stopper.
• Remove the fork spring compressor.
the outer tube and screw the top plug into it and
• Raise
install it to the steering stem.
in the spring preload adjuster [A] of the top plug
• Screw
so that the distance between the adjuster top and the top
•
•
plug surface [B] is 14 mm (0.55 in) [C].
Turn in the rebound damping adjuster [D] until the fully
tightened position and turn backward the 8th click.
Install the front fork (see Front Fork Installation).
SUSPENSION 13-15
Front Fork
Front Fork Disassembly
the front fork (see Front Fork Removal).
• Remove
Drain
the
fork oil (see Front Fork Oil Change).
• Hold the front
a vise [A].
• Stop the cylinderfork[B]infrom
turning by using the fork cylinder
• holder [C].
Special Tool - Fork Cylinder Holder: 57001-1537
the allen bolt [D], then take the bolt and gasket
• Unscrew
out of the bottom of the inner tube.
the cylinder unit [A].
•○Take
Do not disassemble the cylinder unit.
the outer tube from the inner tube.
• Separate
Pull
out
the
seal.
• Remove thedust
retaining
from the outer tube.
• Remove the oil seal [B]ringand[A]washer
[C].
•
Front Fork Assembly
the following parts with a new one.
• Replace
Oil Seal
Bottom Allen Bolt Gasket
the cylinder unit [A] into the inner tube [B].
• Insert
Stop
the
• holder. cylinder from turning by using the fork cylinder
Special Tool - Fork Cylinder Holder: 57001-1537
a non-permanent locking agent to the allen bolt and
• Apply
tighten it.
Torque - Front Fork Bottom Allen Bolt: 40 N·m (4.0 kgf·m,
30 ft·lb)
13-16 SUSPENSION
Front Fork
the following parts into the inner tube [A].
• Install
Dust Seal [B]
Circlip [C]
Oil Seal [D]
Washer [E]
the inner tube to the outer tube.
• Insert
After
installing
washer, install the oil seal [A] by using
• the fork oil sealthedriver
[B].
Special Tool - Front Fork Oil Seal Driver: 57001-1288
the circlip and dust seal.
• Install
Pour
in
• Change).the specified type of oil (see Front Fork Oil
Inner Tube Inspection
inspect the inner tube [A], and repair any dam• Visually
age.
or rust damage can sometimes be repaired by using
• Nicks
a wet-stone to remove sharp edges or raised areas which
cause seal damage.
If the damage is not repairable, replace the inner tube.
Since damage to the inner tube damages the oil seal,
replace the oil seal whenever the inner tube is repaired
or replaced.
CAUTION
If the inner tube is badly bent or creased, replace
it. Excessive bending, followed by subsequent
straightening, can weaken the inner tube.
assemble the inner and outer tubes, and
• Temporarily
pump them back and forth manually to check for smooth
•
operation.
If you feel binding or catching, the inner and outer tubes
must be replaced.
WARNING
A straightened inner or outer fork tube may fall in
use, possibly causing an accident. Replace a badly
bent or damaged inner or outer tube and inspect the
other tube carefully before reusing it.
SUSPENSION 13-17
Front Fork
Dust Seal Inspection
the dust seals [A] for any signs of deterioration or
• Inspect
damage.
Replace it if necessary.
Spring Tension
a spring becomes shorter as it weakens, check its
• Since
free length [A] to determine its condition.
If the spring of either fork leg is shorter than the service
limit, it must be replaced. If the length of a replacement
spring and that of the remaining spring vary greatly, the
remaining spring should also be replaced in order to keep
the fork legs balanced for motorcycle stability.
Spring Free Length
Standard:
248 mm (9.76 in.)
Service Limit:
243 mm (9.57 in.)
13-18 SUSPENSION
Rear Shock Absorber
Rebound Damping Force Adjustment
adjust the rebound damping force, turn the lower
• To
damping adjuster [A] to the desired position.
○The standard adjuster setting for an average-build rider
of 68 kg (150 lb) with no passenger and no accessories
is the turns out from the fully clockwise position.
Damping Adjuster Setting
Standard:
ZX636–B1, ZX600–K1: 4 1/4 turns out
ZX636–B2: 2 turns out
Rebound Damping Force Adjustment
Adjuster
Damping
Position
Force
Setting
Load
Road
Speed
4 1/2 Turns Out
Weak
Soft
Light
Good
Low
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
0
Strong
Hard
Heavy
Bad
High
Compression Damping Force Adjustment
adjust the compression damping force, turn the upper
• To
damping adjuster [A] to the desired position.
○The standard adjuster setting for the average-build rider
of 68 kg (150 lb) with no passenger and no accessories
is the turns out from the fully clockwise position.
Damping Adjuster Setting
Standard:
ZX636–B1, ZX600–K1: 3 1/2 turns out
ZX636–B2: 2 1/2 turns out
Compression Damping Force Adjustment
Adjuster
Damping
Position
Force
Setting
Load
Road
Speed
4 Turns Out
Weak
Soft
Light
Good
Low
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
0
Strong
Hard
Heavy
Bad
High
Spring Preload Adjustment
the rear shock absorber from the frame (see
• Remove
Rear Shock Absorber Removal).
the locknut and turn out the adjusting nut to free
• Loosen
the spring.
Special Tool - Hook Wrench: 57001-1522 & 57001–1533
SUSPENSION 13-19
Rear Shock Absorber
adjust the spring preload, turn in the adjusting nut [A]
• To
to the desired position and tighten the locknut [B].
[C] Spring Length
Spring Preload Setting
Standard:
Spring length 180 mm (7.0 in.)
Spring length 171.5 ∼ 191.5 mm (6.8
∼ 7.5 in.)
Usable Range:
○The standard adjusting nut setting for an average-build
rider of 68 kg (150 lb) with no passenger and no accessories is 180 mm (7.0 in.) spring length.
adjust the spring preload, turn in the adjusting nut to
• To
the desired position and tighten the locknut using by hook
wrenches [A] with the rear shock absorber attached the
frame.
○Remove the inner fender, chain cover and left foot guard
for turning the hook wrench easily.
If the spring action feels too soft or too stiff, adjust it.
Spring Adjustment
Adjuster
Damping
Position
Force
Setting
Load
Road
Speed
191.5 mm
Weak
Soft
Light
Good
Low
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↑
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
↓
Strong
Hard
Heavy
Bad
High
(7.5 in.)
171.5 mm
(6.8 in.)
Special Tool - Hook Wench: 57001–1522 & 1533
Rear Shock Absorber Removal
the lower fairings (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
• Using the jack, raise the rear wheel off the ground.
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
• Squeeze the brake lever slowly and it with a band [A].
WARNING
Be sure to hold the front brake when removing the
shock absorber, or the motorcycle may fall over. It
could cause an accident and injury.
13-20 SUSPENSION
Rear Shock Absorber
• Remove:
Lower Shock Absorber Bolt [A]
Upper Tie-Rod Bolt [B]
• Remove:
Upper Shock Absorber Nut [A]
•
Upper Shock Absorber Bolt [B]
Remove the shock absorber upward.
Rear Shock Absorber Installation
the rocker arm needle bearings with grease.
• Pack
Tighten:
•
Torque - Rear Shock Absorber Nuts: 34 N·m (3.5 kgf·m, 25
ft·lb)
Tie-Rod Nuts: 59 N·m (6.0 kgf·m, 43 ft·lb)
Rear Shock Absorber Inspection
the rear shock absorber.
• Remove
Visually
inspect
• Smooth Strokethe following items.
•
Oil Leakage
Crack or Dent
If there is any damage to the rear shock absorber, replace
it.
Visually inspect the rubber bushing.
If it show any signs of damage, replace it.
Rear Shock Absorber Scrapping
WARNING
Since the reservoir tank of the rear shock absorber
contains nitrogen gas, do not incinerate the reservoir tank without first releasing the gas or it may
explode.
the valve cap and release the nitrogen gas com• Remove
pletely from the gas reservoir.
• Remove the valve [A].
WARNING
Since the high pressure gas is dangerous, do not
point the valve toward your face or body.
SUSPENSION 13-21
Swingarm
Swingarm Removal
• Remove:
Rear Wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter)
Inner Fender (see Frame chapter)
Chain Cover (see Final Drive chapter)
Brake Hose Clamps [A]
Rear Shock Absorber [B] (see Rear Shock Absorber Removal)
the swingarm pivot shaft locknut using socket
• Unscrew
wrench [A].
Special Tool - Swingarm Pivot Nut Wrench: 57001–1541
• Unscrew the swingarm pivot shaft nut [A].
the swingarm pivot shaft [A].
• Unscrew
Pull
out
the
pivot shaft right side of the motorcycle and
• remove the swingarm.
Swingarm Installation
plenty of grease to the ball bearing, needle bearings
• Apply
and grease seals.
the collar.
• Install
Insert
the
cap [A] to the chain guide [B].
•
13-22 SUSPENSION
Swingarm
the collar [A] on the stopper [B] inside the frame [C].
• Place
Insert
the pivot shaft into the frame from the right side.
• First, tighten
shaft so that the clearance between
• the collar andthethepivot
frame come to zero mm (zero in.) [D].
Torque - Swingarm Pivot Shaft (First): 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m,
18 ft·lb)
the pivot shaft, and tighten the pivot shaft securely
• Loosen
so that the clearance between the collar and the frame
come to zero mm (zero in.) again with specified torque.
Torque - Swinagrm Pivot Shaft (Final)
ZX636: 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14 ft·lb)
ZX600: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 18 ft·lb)
the pivot locknut with the swingarm pivot nut
• Tighten
wrench.
Special Tool - Swingarm Pivot Nut Wrench: 57001–1541
Torque - Swingarm Pivot Shaft Locknut: 98 N·m (10 kgf·m,
72 ft·lb)
• Tighten the pivot shaft nut.
Torque - Swingarm Pivot Shaft Nut: 108 N·m (11 kgf·m, 81
ft·lb)
• Install the removed parts (see appropriate chapters).
Swingarm Bearing Removal
• Remove:
Swingarm
Collar [A]
Cap [B]
Grease Seals [C]
Sleeve [D]
Circlip (right side) [E]
Special Tool - Inside Circlip Pliers: 57001–143
• Remove the ball bearing and needle bearings.
Special Tool - Oil Seal & Bearing Remover: 57001–1058
[A]
SUSPENSION 13-23
Swingarm
Swingarm Bearing Installation
plenty of grease to the ball bearing and needle
• Apply
bearings.
the needle bearings so that the manufacturer’s
• Install
marks faces out.
the ball bearing so that the manufacturer’s marks
• Install
faces out.
Special Tool - Bearing Driver Set: 57001–1129 [A]
Swingarm Bearing, Sleeve Inspection
CAUTION
Do not remove the bearings for inspection. Removal may damage them.
the needle bearings [A] and ball bearing [B] in• Inspect
stalled in the swingarm.
○The rollers and ball in a bearing normally wear very little,
and wear is difficult to measure. Instead of measuring,
visually inspect the bearing for abrasion, discoloration, or
other damage.
If the needle bearing, ball bearing, and sleeve show any
sings of abnormal wear, discoloration, or damage, replace them as a set.
Swingarm Pivot Lubrication
to the Suspension in the Periodic Maintenance
• Refer
chapter.
Chain Guide Inspection
inspect the chain guide [A].
• Visually
Replace the chain slider if it shows any signs of abnormal
wear or damage.
13-24 SUSPENSION
Tie-Rod, Rocker Arm
Tie-Rod Removal
the lower fairings (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Squeeze
• [A]. the brake lever slowly and hold it with a band
• Using the jack, raise the rear wheel off the ground.
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
• Remove:
Upper Tie-Rod Bolt and Nut [A]
Lower Tie-Rod Bolt and Nut [B]
Tie-Rods [C]
Tie-Rod Installation
grease to the inside of the needle bearings and
• Apply
grease seals.
the tie-rods so that the chamfered side faces the
• Install
bolts and nuts.
• Tighten:
Torque - Tie-Rod Nuts: 59 N·m (6.0 kgf·m, 43 ft·lb)
Rocker Arm Removal
the lower fairings (see Frame chapter)
• Remove
the brake lever slowly and hold it with a band.
• Squeeze
Using
the
jack, raise the rear wheel off the ground.
•
Special Tool - Jack: 57001–1238
• Remove:
Lower Rear Shock Absorber Bolt and Nut [A]
Lower Tie-Rod Bolt and Nut [B]
Rocker Arm Bolt and Nut [C]
Rocker Arm [D]
Rocker Arm Installation
grease to the inside of the needle bearings grease
• Apply
seals, and add grease to the grease nipple.
• Tighten:
Torque - Rocker Arm Nut: 34 N·m (3.5 kgf·m, 25 ft·lb)
Tie-Rod Nut: 59 N·m (6.0 kgf·m, 43 ft·lb)
Rear Shock Absorber Nut: 34 N·m (3.5 kgf·m, 25
ft·lb)
SUSPENSION 13-25
Tie-Rod, Rocker Arm
Rocker Arm/Tie-Rod Bearing, Sleeve Inspection
CAUTION
Do not remove the bearings for inspection. Removal may damage them.
inspect the swingarm sleeves and needle bear• Visually
ings.
rollers in a needle bearing normally wear very little,
• The
and wear is difficult to measure. Instead of measuring,
inspect the bearing for abrasion, color change, or other
damage.
If there is any doubt as to the condition of any of the needle bearings or sleeve, replace the sleeve, and needle
bearings as a set.
Rocker Arm/Tie-Rod Lubrication
○Refer
to the Suspension in the Periodic Maintenance
chapter.
STEERING 14-1
Steering
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Special Tools ..........................................................................................................................
Steering ..................................................................................................................................
Steering Inspection ...........................................................................................................
Steering Adjustment..........................................................................................................
Steering Stem.........................................................................................................................
Stem, Stem Bearing Removal...........................................................................................
Stem, Stem Bearing Installation........................................................................................
Stem Bearing Lubrication..................................................................................................
Steering Stem Warp..........................................................................................................
Handlebar ...............................................................................................................................
Handlebar Removal ..........................................................................................................
Handlebar Installation .......................................................................................................
14-2
14-4
14-5
14-5
14-5
14-6
14-6
14-6
14-8
14-9
14-10
14-10
14-10
14
14-2 STEERING
Exploded View
STEERING 14-3
Exploded View
Torque
No.
Fastener
Remarks
N·m
kgf·m
ft·lb
1 Handlebar switch housing screws
3.5
0.36
31 in·lb
2 Handlebar bolts
25
2.5
18
3 Handlebar position bolts
9.8
1.0
87 in·lb
L
4 Front fork clamp bolts (Upper)
20
2.0
14.5
5 Front fork clamp bolts (Lower)
20
2.0
14.5
AL
6 Steering stem head nut
78
8.0
58
7 Steering stem nut
20
2.0
14.5
AL: Tighten the two clamp bolts alternately two times to ensure even tightening torque.
AD: Apply adhesive.
G: Apply grease.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
14-4 STEERING
Special Tools
Head Pipe Outer Race Press Shaft:
57001–1075
Steering Stem Bearing Driver Adapter:
57001–1345
Steering Stem Nut Wrench:
57001–1100
Head Pipe Outer Race Driver:
57001–1446
Jack:
57001–1238
Head Pipe Outer Race Driver:
57001–1447
Steering Stem Bearing Driver:
57001–1344
STEERING 14-5
Steering
Steering Inspection
○Refer to the Steering in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Steering Adjustment
○Refer to the Steering in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
14-6 STEERING
Steering Stem
Stem, Stem Bearing Removal
• Remove:
Fairings (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Brake Hose Clamp Bolt [A]
Left/Right handlebar Switch Leads Clamp Bolt [A]
Clutch Cable Clamp Bolt [B]
Front Wheel (see Wheels/Tires chapter)
Front Fork (see Suspension chapter)
Steering Stem Head Nut and Washer
Steering Stem Head and Handlebars
up the stem base, and remove the steering stem
• Pushing
lock nut[A].
the claw of lock washer[B] faced steering stem lock
• Bend
nut to straight.
Special Tool - Steering Stem Nut Wrench: 57001–1100
the lock washer, steering stem nut[C] and stem
• Remove
cap[D],then remove the steering stem[E].
• Remove the upper ball bearing inner race.
remove the bearing outer races [A] pressed into the
• To
head pipe [B], insert a bar [C] into the recesses [D] of head
pipe, and applying it to both recess alternately hammer it
to drive the race out.
NOTE
○If either steering stem bearing is damaged, it is recommended that both the upper and lower bearings (including outer races) should be replaced with new ones.
the lower bearing inner race (with its grease seal)
• Remove
which is pressed onto the steering stem with a suitable
commercially available bearing puller.
Stem, Stem Bearing Installation
the bearing outer races with new ones.
• Replace
Apply
grease
to the outer races, and drive them into the
• head pipe at the
same time.
Special Tools - Head Pipe Outer Race Press Shaft:
57001–1075 [A]
Head Pipe Outer Race Drivers: 57001–1446
[B]
Head Pipe Outer Race Driver: 57001–1447
[C]
STEERING 14-7
Steering Stem
the bearing inner races with new ones.
• Replace
Install
the
oil seal [D] on the steering stem, and drive the
• lower ball bearing
inner race [A] applied the grease onto
the stem.
Special Tools - Steering Stem Bearing Driver: 57001–1344
[B]
Steering Stem Bearing Driver Adapter:
57001–1345 [C]
the lower ball bearing [A] onto the stem.
• Install
Apply
grease
to the upper ball bearing [B] and inner race
• [C].
the stem through the head pipe and install the ball
• Install
bearing and inner race on it.
the stem cap [A], lock washer [B] and steering stem
• Install
nut [C] and hand tighten it and steering stem lock nut [D].
the stem head.
• Install
the washer [E], and tighten the stem head nut [F]
• Install
lightly.
14-8 STEERING
Steering Stem
the bearings in place as follows:
•○Settle
Tighten the steering stem nut with 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14.5
ft·lb) of torque first, and loosen it a fraction of a turn until
it turns lightly. (To tighten the stem nut to the specified
torque, hook the wrench on the stem nut, and pull the
wrench at the hole by 11.1 kg (24.5 lb) [B] force in the
direction shown.) Afterward tighten it again with specified
torque using a special tool [A].
Install the lock washer so that claw of washer fit the notch
of steering stem nut.
First tighten the steering stem lock nut by hand until the
resistance is felt fully, then tighten the steering stem nut
additional more than two notches so that align the notch
of stem and stem lock nuts with specified torque.
○Check that there is no play and the steering stem turns
smoothly without rattles. If not, the steering stem bearing
may be damaged.
○Again back out the stem lock nut a fraction of turn until it
turns lightly.
Turn the stem lock nut lightly clockwise until it just becomes hard to turn. Do not overtighten, or the steering
will be too tight.
Bend the claw of lock washer to steering stem lock nut
notch.
•
•
•
•
Special Tool - Steering Stem Nut Wrench: 57001–1100 [A]
Torque - Steering Stem Nut: 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14.5 ft·lb)
the stem head.
• Install
Install
washer, and tighten the stem head nut with
• specifiedthetorque.
• Install the front fork (see Suspension chapter).
NOTE
○Tighten the fork upper clamp bolts first, next the stem
head nut, last the fork lower clamp bolts.
○Tighten the two lower fork clamp bolts alternately two
times to ensure even tightening torque.
Torque - Steering Stem Head Nut : 78 N·m (8.0 kgf·m, 58
ft·lb)
Front Fork Clamp Bolts (Upper) : 20 N·m (2.0
kgf·m, 14.5 ft·lb)
Front Fork Clamp Bolts (Lower) : 20 N·m (2.0
kgf·m, 14.5 ft·lb)
WARNING
Do not impede the handlebar turning by routing the
cables, harnesses and hoses improperly (see Appendix chapter).
Stem Bearing Lubrication
○Refer to the Steering in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
STEERING 14-9
Steering Stem
Steering Stem Warp
the steering stem is removed, or if the steering
• Whenever
can not be adjusted for smooth action, check the steering
stem for straightness.
If the steering stem [A] is bent, replace the steering stem.
14-10 STEERING
Handlebar
Handlebar Removal
• Remove:
Clutch Lever Assembly [A]
Left Handlebar Switch Housing [B]
Front Brake Master Cylinder [C]
Right handlebar Switch Housing [D]
Throttle Case [E]
• Remove:
Weight Bolts [A]
Handlebar Weight [B]
Fitting [C]
Clip [D]
• Remove:
Steering Stem Head [A]
•
Throttle Grip
Left Handlebar Grip
Handlebar Bolts [B]
Handlebar Position Bolt [C]
Remove the handlebars [D].
Handlebar Installation
adhesive cement to the inside of the left handlebar
• Apply
grip.
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the handlebar position bolts and weight bolts, and tighten
them with specified torque.
Torque - Handlebar Bolts: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 187 in·lb)
Handlebar Position Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m, 87
in·lb)
the front brake master cylinder (see Brakes chap• Install
ter).
the clutch lever [A] so that the mating surface [B]
• Install
of the left handlebar switch housing is aligned with the
•
mating surface [C] of the clutch lever clamp.
Tighten the upper clamp bolt first, and then the lower
clamp bolt. There will be a gap at the lower part of the
clamp after tightening.
Torque - Clutch Lever Clamp Bolts: 7.8 N·m (0.80 kgf·m, 69
in·lb)
Handlebar Switch Housing Screws: 3.5 N·m (0.36
kgf·m, 31 in·lb)
• Install the removed parts (see appropriate chapters).
FRAME 15-1
Frame
Table of Contents
Exploded View........................................................................................................................
Seats ......................................................................................................................................
Rear Seat Removal...........................................................................................................
Rear Seat Installation........................................................................................................
Front Seat Removal ..........................................................................................................
Front Seat Installation .......................................................................................................
Fairings...................................................................................................................................
Lower Fairing Removal .....................................................................................................
Inner (Upper) Fairing Removal .........................................................................................
Inner (Lower) Fairing Removal .........................................................................................
Upper Fairing Removal .....................................................................................................
Seat Cover..............................................................................................................................
Seat Cover Removal.........................................................................................................
Seat Cover Installation......................................................................................................
Fenders ..................................................................................................................................
Front Fender Removal ......................................................................................................
Front Fender Installation ...................................................................................................
Flap and Rear Fender Rear Removal...............................................................................
Flap and Rear Fender Rear Installation............................................................................
Rear Fender Front Removal .............................................................................................
Rear Fender Front Installation ..........................................................................................
Inner Fender Removal ......................................................................................................
Inner Fender Installation ...................................................................................................
Frame .....................................................................................................................................
Rear Frame Removal........................................................................................................
Rear Frame Installation.....................................................................................................
Frame Inspection ..............................................................................................................
Storage Box............................................................................................................................
Storage Box Removal .......................................................................................................
Storage Box Installation ....................................................................................................
Side Stand ..............................................................................................................................
Side Stand Removal .........................................................................................................
Side Stand Installation ......................................................................................................
15-2
15-8
15-8
15-8
15-8
15-8
15-9
15-9
15-9
15-9
15-9
15-11
15-11
15-11
15-12
15-12
15-12
15-12
15-12
15-13
15-13
15-13
15-13
15-14
15-14
15-14
15-14
15-15
15-15
15-15
15-16
15-16
15-16
15
15-2 FRAME
Exploded View
FRAME 15-3
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Footpeg stay bolts
2 Footpeg holder bolts
3 Rear frame bolts
4 Side stand bracket bolts
5 Side stand bolt
6 Side stand switch bolt
G: Apply grease.
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
N·m
25
34
59
49
44
8.8
Torque
kgf·m
2.5
3.5
6.0
5.0
4.5
0.90
ft·lb
18
25
43
36
32
78 in·lb
Remarks
L
G
L
15-4 FRAME
Exploded View
FRAME 15-5
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Wind shield mounting screws
2 Front fender mounting bolts
3. United States and Canada Models
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
N·m
0.4
3.9
Torque
kgf·m
0.04
0.40
ft·lb
3.5 in·lb
35 in·lb
Remarks
15-6 FRAME
Exploded View
FRAME 15-7
Exploded View
1. United States and Canada Models
15-8 FRAME
Seats
Rear Seat Removal
the ignition switch key into the seat lock [A], turning
• Insert
the key counterclockwise, pulling the rear of the seat [B]
up, and pull the seat backward.
Rear Seat Installation
the rear seat hooks [A] into the slend holes [B] on the
• Slip
frame.
the seat pin [C] into the latch hole [D].
• Insert
• Push down the rear part of the seat until the lock clicks.
Front Seat Removal
• Remove:
Rear Seat (see Rear Seat Removal)
•
Mounting Bolt [A]
Set Bracket (rear) [B]
Remove the front seat [C] by pulling the rear of it up and
backward.
Front Seat Installation
the front seat hook [A] under the brace [B] of the seat
• Slip
bracket (front).
FRAME 15-9
Fairings
Lower Fairing Removal
• Remove:
Allen Bolts [A] [B] [C] [D] [E]
•
•
•
Rivet Screws [F]
Pull the lower front part of the lower fairing outward to
clear the stoppers [G].
Remove the lower fairing.
Remove the other side lower fairing in the same manner.
NOTE
○When removing the left and right lower fairings at the
same time, do not remove the screws [D] (both sides)
and bottom of stoppers [G].
Inner (Upper) Fairing Removal
the allen bolts [A].
• Remove
Pull
the
inner
• pers [C]. (upper) fairing upward [B] to clear the stop-
Inner (Lower) Fairing Removal
• Remove:
Lower Fairing (Left or Right)
Other Side Inner Fairing Bolt [A]
Inner (Lower) Fairing [B]
Upper Fairing Removal
• Remove:
Inner (Upper) Fairings [A]
Allen Bolts [B] (Left and Right)
15-10 FRAME
Fairings
• Remove:
Nuts [A] (Left and Right)
Rear View Mirrors [B] (Left and Right)
• Remove:
Headlight Lead Connector [A]
Turn Signal Light Lead Connector [B]
Upper Fairing
FRAME 15-11
Seat Cover
Seat Cover Removal
• Remove:
Seats
•
Screws and Washers [A]
Rivet Screws [B] (Left and Right)
Pull the seat cover backward to clear the stoppers [C].
Seat Cover Installation
the seat cover [A], and insert the rivet screws [B] into
• Set
the holes in the seat cover and rear fender rear.
in the pins [C] into the rivet.
• Screw
the projection [D] on the seat cover into the rear frame
• Fit
bracket.
the screws [E].
• Tighten
Install
the
seats.
•
15-12 FRAME
Fenders
Front Fender Removal
• Remove:
Brake Hose Clamps [A] (Left and Right)
•
Bolts [B] (Left and Right)
Remove the front fender [C].
Front Fender Installation
the front fender to the front fork.
• Install
Tighten:
•
Torque - Front Fender Mounting Bolts: 3.9 N·m (0.40 kgf·m,
35 in·lb)
• Install the brake hose clamps to the front fender holes.
Flap and Rear Fender Rear Removal
• Remove:
Seats (see Rear/Front Seat Removal)
•
•
Seat Cover (see Seat Cover Removal)
Storage Box (see Storage Box Removal)
Disconnect:
Rear Turn Signal Light Lead Connectors [A] (Left and
Right)
License Light Lead Connector [B]
Tail/Brake Light Lead Connector [C]
Remove:
Allen Bolts [D]
Nuts [E]
Seat Lock Bolts [F]
the rivet screws [A] to take off the brackets [B]
• Remove
and flap [C] assembled the rear turn signals and license
•
light.
Pull out the rear fender rear [D] assembled tail/brake light
downward.
Flap and Rear Fender Rear Installation
the projection of rear fender rear under the rear
• Insert
fender front.
the front part of the flap under the rear fender rear.
• Install
Install
harness clamp in accordance with Harness
• Routingthesection
in Appendix chapter.
FRAME 15-13
Fenders
Rear Fender Front Removal
• Remove:
Flap
•
•
Rear Fender Rear
Battery [A]
Junction Box [B]
Starter Relay Assy [C]
Turn Signal Relay [D]
Fuel Pump Relay [E]
ECU Main Relay [F]
ECU Fuse Holder [G]
Seat Lock [H]
Remove the bolts [I] and main harness clamp [J].
Pull out the rear fender front downward.
Rear Fender Front Installation
the removed parts.
• Install
Run
the
harness correctly (see Appendix chapter).
•
Inner Fender Removal
• Remove:
Allen Bolts (Left and Right) [A]
•
Brake Hose Clamp [B]
Pull out the inner rear fender from the swingarm.
Inner Fender Installation
the projections of the inner fender to the swingarm.
• Insert
Tighten
allen bolts (left and right).
• Insert thethebrake
hose clamp to the inner fender hole.
•
15-14 FRAME
Frame
Rear Frame Removal
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Flap and Rear Fender Rear (see Flap and Rear Fender
Rear Removal)
Rear Fender Front (see Rear Fender Front Removal)
Clamps for Main Harness
Frame Bolts and Nuts [A]
Rear Step Bracket Bolts [B]
Rear Frame Installation
• Tighten:
Torque - Rear Frame Bolts and Nuts: 59 N·m (6.0 kgf·m, 43
ft·lb)
Rear Step Brackets Bolts: 25 N·m (2.5 kgf·m, 19
ft·lb)
Frame Inspection
inspect the frame for cracks, dents, bending, or
• Visually
warp.
If there is any damage to the frame, replace it.
WARNING
A repaired frame may fail in use, possibly causing
an accident. If the frame is bent, dented, cracked,
or warped, replace it.
FRAME 15-15
Storage Box
Storage Box Removal
• Remove:
Seat Cover (see this chapter)
•
Screw [A]
Pulling up the rear part of the box backward.
Storage Box Installation
the front part [A] of the box into the rear frame [B].
• Insert
Tighten
the screws.
•
15-16 FRAME
Side Stand
Side Stand Removal
the rear wheel off the ground with the stand.
• Raise
Disconnect
• Remove: the side stand switch lead connectors.
• Side Stand Switch Bolt [A]
Spring [B]
Side Stand Bolt [C]
Side Stand [D]
Switch Bracket Bolts [E]
Side Stand Bracket Bolts [F]
Side Stand Installation
grease to the sliding area [B] of the side stand [A]
• Apply
and thread of the side stand bolt [C].
• Tighten the bolt and lock them with the nut.
Torque - Side Stand Bolt [C]: 44 N·m (4.5 kgf·m, 32 ft·lb)
Side Stand Bracket Bolts [E]: 49 N·m (5.0 kgf·m,
36 ft·lb)
the spring so that face the long spring end upward.
• Hook
Install
switch bracket and side stand switch.
•○Apply athenon-permanent
locking agent to the thread of the
switch bracket bolt and switch bolt.
Torque - Side Stand Switch Bracket Bolt [D]: 3.9 N·m (0.40
kgf·m, 35 in·lb)
Side Stand Switch Bolt [F]: 8.8 N·m (0.90 kgf·m, 78
in·lb)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-1
Electrical System
Table of Contents
Exploded View...................................
Wiring Diagram (United States and
Canada) ..........................................
Wiring Diagram (Australia) ................
Wiring Diagram (Other than United
States, Canada and Australia)........
Specifications ....................................
Special Tools and Sealant .................
Parts Location....................................
Precautions........................................
Electrical Wiring.................................
Wiring Inspection .........................
Battery ...............................................
Battery Removal ..........................
Electrolyte Filling..........................
Initial Charge................................
Precautions ..................................
Interchange ..................................
Charging Condition Inspection.....
Refreshing Charge.......................
Charging System ...............................
Alternator Cover Removal............
Alternator Cover Installation.........
Stator Coil Removal .....................
Stator Coil Installation ..................
Alternator Rotor Removal ............
Alternator Rotor Installation .........
Alternator Inspection ....................
Regulator/Rectifier Inspection......
Charging Voltage Inspection ........
Ignition System ..................................
Crankshaft Sensor Removal ........
Crankshaft Sensor Installation .....
Crankshaft Sensor Inspection......
Crankshaft Sensor Peak Voltage .
Stick Coil (Ignition Coil together
with Spark Plug Cap) Removal .
Stick Coil (Ignition Coil together
with Spark Plug Cap)
Installation .................................
Stick Coil (Ignition Coil together
with Spark Plug Cap) Inspection
Stick Coil Primary Peak Voltage ..
Spark Plug Removal ....................
Spark Plug Installation .................
16-4
16-10
16-12
16-14
16-16
16-17
16-18
16-20
16-22
16-22
16-23
16-23
16-23
16-24
16-24
16-25
16-25
16-26
16-28
16-28
16-28
16-28
16-28
16-29
16-29
16-31
16-32
16-35
16-37
16-38
16-39
16-39
16-40
16-40
16-40
16-41
16-41
16-42
16-42
Spark Plug Cleaning and
Inspection..................................
Spark Plug Gap Inspection ..........
Camshaft Position Sensor
Removal ....................................
Camshaft Position Sensor
Installation .................................
Camshaft Position Sensor
Inspection..................................
Camshaft Position Sensor Peak
Voltage Inspection.....................
Interlock Operation Inspection .....
IC Igniter Inspection .....................
Electric Starter System ......................
Starter Motor Removal.................
Starter Motor Installation..............
Starter Motor Disassembly...........
Starter Motor Assembly ...............
Brush Inspection ..........................
Commutator Cleaning and
Inspection..................................
Armature Inspection.....................
Brush Lead Inspection .................
Right–hand End Cover Assembly
Inspection..................................
Starter Relay Inspection...............
Lighting System .................................
Headlight Beam Horizontal
Vertical Adjustment ...................
Headlight Bulb Replacement .......
Turn Signal Relay Inspection .......
Radiator Fan System.........................
Fan System Circuit Inspection .....
Fan Motor Inspection ...................
Meter .................................................
Meter Assembly Removal ............
Meter Assembly Disassembly......
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit..............
Electronic Combination Meter
Assembly Inspection .................
Switches and Sensors .......................
Brake Light Timing Inspection......
Brake Light Timing Adjustment ....
Switch Inspection .........................
Radiator Fan Switch Inspection ...
16-42
16-42
16-43
16-43
16-43
16-44
16-45
16-46
16-48
16-48
16-48
16-48
16-48
16-49
16-50
16-50
16-50
16-51
16-51
16-53
16-53
16-54
16-56
16-58
16-58
16-58
16-60
16-60
16-60
16-61
16-61
16-69
16-69
16-69
16-69
16-70
16
16-2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Water Temperature Sensor
Inspection..................................
Speed Sensor Removal ...............
Speed Sensor Installation ............
Speed Sensor Inspection.............
Fuel Reserve Switch Inspection
(1)..............................................
Fuel Reserve Switch Inspection
(2)..............................................
Junction Box ......................................
Junction Box Fuse Circuit
Inspection..................................
16-71
16-71
16-72
16-72
16-72
16-73
16-74
16-74
Starter Circuit/Headlight Relay
Inspection..................................
Diode Circuit Inspection ...............
Fuse...................................................
30 A Main Fuse Removal.............
Junction Box Fuse Removal ........
15A ECU Fuse Removal..............
Fuse Installation...........................
Fuse Inspection............................
16-74
16-75
16-77
16-77
16-77
16-77
16-77
16-77
16-4 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Exploded View
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-5
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Crankshaft sensor cover bolts
2 Spark plugs
3 Crankshaft sensor bolts
4 Timing rotor bolt
5 Tail/Brake light mounting screws
6 License light mounting screws
7 License light assembly screws
8 Camshaft position sensor bolt
9. Camshaft Position Sensor
10. Stick Coils
11. Crankshaft Sensor
12. ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
13. Turn Signal Relay
14. Fuel Pump Relay
15. ECU Main Relay
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
SS: Apply silicone sealant.
N·m
9.8
13
5.9
44
1.2
1.2
1.0
12
Torque
kgf·m
1.0
1.3
0.60
4.5
0.12
0.12
0.10
1.2
ft·lb
87 in·lb
113 in·lb
52 in·lb
33
10 in·lb
10 in·lb
8.7 in·lb
106 in·lb
Remarks
L (1)
16-6 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Exploded View
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-7
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Alternator cover bolt
2 Alternator lead holding plate bolts
3 Stator coil bolts
4 Alternator rotor bolt
5 Fuel pump bolts
6 Neutral switch
7 Oil pressure switch
8 Oil pressure switch terminal bolt
9 Front brake light switch screw
10 Handlebar switch housing screws
11 Starter motor mounting bolts
12 Starter motor clutch bolts
13. Fuel Pump
14. Regulator/Rectifier
15. Starter Lockout Switch
16. Front Brake Light Switch
17. Starter Relay
18. Main Fuse
19. California Model
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
SS: Apply silicone sealant.
M: Apply molybdenum disulfide grease.
G: Apply grease or engine oil.
S: Follow the specified tightening sequence.
N·m
12
6.9
12
120
9.8
15
15
1.5
1.2
3.5
9.8
33
Torque
kgf·m
1.2
0.70
1.2
12
1.0
1.5
1.5
0.15
0.12
0.36
1.0
3.4
ft·lb
104 in·lb
61 in·lb
110 in·lb
87
87 in·lb
11
11
13 in·lb
10 in·lb
31 in·lb
87
24
Remarks
L
L
S
SS
G
L
L
16-8 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Exploded View
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-9
Exploded View
No.
Fastener
1 Fan switch
2 Water temperature sensor
3 Side Stand Switch Bolt
4 Meter screws
5 Meter assembly screws
6 Engine Ground Lead Terminal Bolt
7. Junction Box
8. Speed Sensor
9. Vehicle-down Sensor
10. Side Stand Switch
11. Rear Brake Light Switch
12. Air Temperature Sensor
L: Apply a non-permanent locking agent.
N·m
18
25
8.8
1.2
1.2
9.8
Torque
kgf·m
1.8
2.5
0.90
0.12
0.12
1.0
ft·lb
13
18
78 in·lb
10 in·lb
10 in·lb
87 in·lb
Remarks
L
L
16-10 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Wiring Diagram (United States and Canada)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-11
Wiring Diagram (United States and Canada)
16-12 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Wiring Diagram (Australia)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-13
Wiring Diagram (Australia)
16-14 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Wiring Diagram (Other than United States, Canada and Australia)
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-15
Wiring Diagram (Other than United States, Canada and Australia)
16-16 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Specifications
Item
Battery:
Type
Capacity
Voltage
Charging System:
Type
Alternator output voltage
Stator coil resistance
Charging voltage
(regulator/rectifier output voltage)
Ignition System:
Crankshaft sensor resistance
Crankshaft sensor peak voltage
Camshaft Position Sensor Resistance
Camshaft Position Sensor Peak Voltage
Interlock Operation Voltage
Stick coil:
Primary winding resistance
Secondary winding resistance
Primary peak voltage
Electric Starter System:
Starter motor:
Brush length
Commutator diameter
Switch and Sensor:
Rear brake light switch timing
Engine oil pressure switch connections
Fan switch resistance:
Rising temperature
Falling temperature
Water temperature sensor resistance
Standard
Sealed Battery
12 V 8 Ah
12.6 V or more
Three–phase AC
42.4 ∼ 63.6 V @4 000 r/min (rpm)
0.3 ∼ 0.4 Ω
14.2 ∼ 15.2 V
460 ∼ 470 Ω
2.0 V or more
490 ∼ 590 Ω
0.135 V or more
4 V or more
1.2 ∼ 1.6 Ω
8.5 ∼ 11.5 kΩ
100 V or more
7 mm (0.28 in.), Service Limit 3.5 mm (0.14 in.)
24 mm (0.94 in.), Service Limit 23 mm (0.91 in.)
ON after about 10 mm (0.39 in) pedal travel
When engine is stopped: ON
When engine is running: OFF
From OFF to ON @ 93 ∼ 103°C (199 ∼ 217°F)
Fan stops with the temperature 3 ∼ 8°C (38 ∼ 46°F)
lower than the operation temperature range.
ON: Less than 0.5 Ω
OFF: More than 10 MΩ
in the text
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-17
Special Tools and Sealant
Flywheel Holder:
57001–1313
Needle Adapter Set:
57001–1457
Hand Tester:
57001–1394
Harness Adapter:
57001–1542
Flywheel Puller Assembly:
57001–1405
Kawasaki Bond (Silicone sealant) :
56019–120
Lead Wire – Peak Voltage Adapter:
57001–1449
16-18 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Parts Location
1. Starter Lockout Switch
2. Stick Coils
3. Water Temperature Sensor
4. Vehicle-down Sensor
5. Battery
6. Junction Box
7. ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
8. Radiator Fan Switch
9. Starter Motor
10. Alternator
11. Neutral Switch
12. Speed Sensor
13. Side Stand Switch
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-19
Parts Location
1. Starter Relay and Main Fuse
2. Turn Signal Relay
3. Fuel Pump Relay
4. ECU Fuse
5. ECU Main Relay
6. Inlet Air Pressure Sensor
7. Front Brake Light Switch
8. Rear Brake Light Switch
9. Regulator/Rectifire
10. Crankshaft Sensor
11. Oil Pressure Switch
12. Camshaft Position Sensor
16-20 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Precautions
There are a number of important precautions that are
musts when servicing electrical systems. Learn and observe all the rules below.
○Do not reverse the battery lead connections. This will
burn out the diodes on the electrical parts.
○Always check battery condition before condemning other
parts of an electrical system. A fully charged battery is a
must for conducting accurate electrical system tests.
○The electrical parts should never be struck sharply, as
with a hammer, or allowed to fall on a hard surface. Such
a shock to the parts can damage them.
○To prevent damage to electrical parts, do not disconnect
the battery leads or any other electrical connections when
the ignition switch is on, or while the engine is running.
○Because of the large amount of current, never keep the
starter button pushed when the starter motor will not turn
over, or the current may burn out the starter motor windings.
○Do not use a meter illumination bulb rated for other than
voltage or wattage specified in the wiring diagram, as the
meter or gauge panel could be warped by excessive heat
radiated from the bulb.
○Take care not to short the leads that are directly connected to the battery positive (+) terminal to the chassis
ground.
○Troubles may involve one or in some cases all items.
Never replace a defective part without determining what
CAUSED the failure. If the failure was caused by some
other item or items, they must be repaired or replaced, or
the new replacement will soon fail again.
○Make sure all connectors in the circuit are clean and tight,
and examine wires for signs of burning, fraying, etc. Poor
wires and bad connections will affect electrical system operation.
○Measure coil and winding resistance when the part is cold
(at room temperature).
○Color Codes:
BK
Black
G
Green
P
Pink
BL
Blue
GY
Gray
PU
Purple
BR
Brown
LB
Light blue
R
Red
CH
Chocolate
LG
Light green
W
White
DG
Dark green
O
Orange
Y
Yellow
○Electrical Connectors
Female Connectors [A]
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-21
Precautions
Male Connectors [B]
16-22 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Electrical Wiring
Wiring Inspection
inspect the wiring for signs of burning, fraying,
• Visually
etc.
If any wiring is poor, replace the damaged wiring.
Pull each connector [A] apart and inspect it for corrosion,
dirt, and damage.
If the connector is corroded or dirty, clean it carefully. If it
is damaged, replace it.
Check the wiring for continuity.
○Use the wiring diagram to find the ends of the lead which
is suspected of being a problem.
○Connect the hand tester between the ends of the leads.
•
•
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
○Set the tester to the × 1 Ω range, and read the tester.
If the tester does not read 0 Ω, the lead is defective. Replace the lead or the wiring harness [B] if necessary.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-23
Battery
Battery Removal
the seats (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Disconnect
• lead [B]. the negative (–) lead [A] and then positive (+)
CAUTION
Be sure to disconnect the negative (–) lead first.
• Remove the battery.
Electrolyte Filling
CAUTION
Do not remove the aluminum seal sheet [A] sealing
the filler ports [B] until just before use.
Be sure to use the dedicated electrolyte container
for correct electrolyte volume.
to see that there is no peeling, tears or holes in the
• Check
seal sheet on the top of the battery.
the battery on a level surface.
• Place
Remove
the seal sheet.
•
NOTE
○A battery whose seal sheet has any peeling, tears, or
holes, requires a refreshing charge (initial charge).
the electrolyte container out of the vinyl bag.
• Take
Detach
the seal caps [A] from the container.
•
NOTE
○Do not discard the seal caps because it is used as the
battery plugs later.
○Do not peel back or pierce the seals [B] on the container.
the electrolyte container upside down aligning six
• Place
seals with the six battery filler ports.
the container down strongly enough to break the
• Push
seals. Now the electrolyte should start to flow into the
battery.
NOTE
○Do not tilt the container as the electrolyte flow may be
interrupted.
16-24 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Battery
sure air bubbles [A] are coming up from all six filler
• Make
ports.
○Leave the container this way for 5 minutes or longer.
NOTE
○If no air bubbles are coming up from a filler port, tap [B]
the bottom of the container two or three times. Never
remove the container from the battery.
CAUTION
Fill the electrolyte into battery until the container is
completely emptied.
certain that all the electrolyte has flowed out.
• Be
Tap
the bottom the same way as above if there is any
• electrolyte
left in the container.
Now
pull
the
gently out of the battery.
• Let the batterycontainer
sit
for
20
During this time, the
• electrolyte permeates the minutes.
special separators and the gas
•
generated by chemical reaction is released.
Fit the seal caps [A] tightly into the filler ports until the seal
cap is at the same level as the top of the battery.
NOTE
○Do not hammer. Press down evenly with both hands.
CAUTION
Once you install the seal caps after filling the battery, never remove it, nor add any water or electrolyte.
Initial Charge
While a sealed battery can be used after only filling with electrolyte, a battery may not be able to
sufficiently move a starter motor to start an engine in the cases shown in the table below, where an
initial charge is required before use. However, if a battery shows a terminal voltage of higher than
12.6 V after 10 minutes of filling (Note 1), no initial charge is necessary.
Condition requiring initial charge
At low temperatures (lower than 0°C)
Battery has been stored in high temperature and humidity.
Seal has been removed, or broken - peeling, tear or hole.
Battery as old as 2 years or more after manufacture.
Battery manufacturing date is printed on battery top.
Example)
12
10
93
T1
Day
Month
Year
Mfg. location
Charging method
0.9 A × 2 ∼ 3 hours
0.9 A × 15 ∼ 20 hours
Note 1 : Terminal voltage – To measure battery terminal voltage, use a digital voltmeter.
Precautions
1) No need of topping-up
No topping-up is necessary in this battery until it ends its life under normal use. Forcibly prying off the
seal cap to add water is very dangerous. Never do that.
2) Refreshing charge
If an engine will not start, a horn sounds weak, or lamps are dim, it indicates the battery has been
discharged. Give refresh charge for 5 to 10 hours with charge current shown in the specification
(see the this chapter).
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-25
Battery
When a fast charge is inevitably required, do it following precisely the maximum charge current
and time conditions indicated on the battery.
CAUTION
This battery is designed to sustain no unusual deterioration if refresh-charged according
to the method specified above. However, the battery’s performance may be reduced noticeably if charged under conditions other than given above.
Never remove the seal cap during refresh charge.
If by chance an excessive amount of gas is generated due to overcharging, the safety valve
operates to keep the battery safe.
3) When you do not use the motorcycle for months
Give a refresh charge before you store the motorcycle and store it with the negative lead removed. Give a refresh charge once a month during storage.
4) Battery life
If the battery will not start the engine even after several refresh charges, the battery has exceeded its useful life. Replace it. (Provided, however, the vehicle’s starting system has no problem.)
WARNING
Keep the battery away from sparks and open flames during charging, since the battery
gives off an explosive gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen. When using a battery charger,
connect the battery to the charger before turning on the charger. This procedure prevents
sparks at the battery terminals which could ignite any battery gases.
No fire should be drawn near the battery, or no terminals should have the tightening loosened.
The electrolyte contains sulfuric acid. Be careful not to have it touch your skin or eyes. If
touched, wash it off with liberal amount of water. Get medical attention if severe.
Interchange
A sealed battery can fully display its performance only when combined with a proper vehicle electric
system. Therefore, replace a sealed battery only on a motorcycle which was originally equipped with
a sealed battery.
Be careful, if a sealed battery is installed on a motorcycle which had an ordinary battery as original
equipment, the sealed battery’s life will be shortened.
Charging Condition Inspection
Battery charging condition can be checked by measuring
battery terminal voltage.
Remove the seats (see Frame chapter).
Disconnect the battery leads.
•
•
CAUTION
Be sure to disconnect the negative (–) lead first.
• Measure the battery terminal voltage.
16-26 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Battery
NOTE
○Measure with a digital voltmeter [A] which can be read
to one decimal place voltage.
If the reading is below the specified, refreshing charge is
required.
Battery Terminal Voltage
Standard:
12.6 V or more
Refreshing Charge
the battery [A].
• Remove
Do
refresh-charge
by following method according to the
• battery terminal voltage.
WARNING
This battery is sealed type. Never remove seal caps
[B] even at charging. Never add water. Charge with
current and time as stated below.
Terminal Voltage: 11.5 ∼ less than 12.6 V
Standard Charge
0.9 A × 5 ∼ 10 h (see following chart)
Quick Charge
4.0 A × 1.0 h
CAUTION
If possible, do not quick charge. If the quick charge
is done due to unavoidable circumstances, do standard charge later on.
Terminal Voltage : less than 11.5 V
Charging Method : 0.9 A × 20 h
NOTE
○If the current does not flow when charging, raise the
voltage initially (25 V as maximum), and let down the
voltage to charge when the current starts to flow as a
yardstick. If ammeter shows no change in current after
5 minutes, you need a new battery. The current, if it can
flow into the battery, tends to become excessive. Adjust
the voltage as often as possible to keep the current at
standard value (0.9 A).
Battery [A]
Battery Charger [B]
Standard Value [C]
Current starts to flow [D]
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-27
Battery
battery condition after refreshing charge.
•○Determine
Determine the condition of the battery 30 minutes after
completion of the charge by measuring the terminal voltage according to the table below.
Criteria
12.6 V or higher
12.0 ∼ 12.6 V or lower
12.0 V or lower
Judgement
Good
Charge insufficient → Recharge
Unserviceable → Replace
16-28 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Charging System
Alternator Cover Removal
• Remove:
Left Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
•
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Coolant Reserve Tank [A]
Alternator Lead Connector [B]
Place a suitable container under the alternator cover [C],
and remove the cover.
Alternator Cover Installation
silicone sealant to the alternator lead grommet and
• Apply
crankcase halves mating surface [A] on the front and rear
sides of the cover mount.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 56019–120
that knock pins [B] are in place on the crankcase.
• Check
a new gasket and the alternator cover.
• Install
Tighten:
•
Torque - Alternator Cover Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 104
in·lb)
Stator Coil Removal
• Remove:
Alternator Cover (see Alternator Cover Removal)
•
Holding Plate Bolts [A] and Plate
Alternator Lead Grommet [B]
Stator Coil Bolts [C]
Remove the stator coil [D] from the alternator cover.
Stator Coil Installation
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the stator coil bolts and tighten them.
Torque - Stator Coil Bolts: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m, 110 in·lb)
silicone sealant to the circumference of the alter• Apply
nator lead grommet, and fit the grommet into the notch of
the cover securely.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 92104–1063
the alternator lead with a holding plate, and apply
• Secure
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of the plate
bolts and tighten them.
Torque - Alternator Lead Holding Plate Bolts: 6.9 N·m (0.70
kgf·m, 61 in·lb)
the alternator cover (see Alternator Cover Installa• Install
tion).
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-29
Charging System
Alternator Rotor Removal
• Remove:
Alternator Cover (see Alternator Cover Removal)
•
•
Starter Idle Gear and Shaft
Wipe oil off the outer circumference of the rotor.
Hold the alternator rotor steady with the flywheel holder
[A], and remove the rotor bolt [B].
Special Tool - Flywheel Holder: 57001–1313
the flywheel puller [A], remove the alternator rotor
• Using
from the crankshaft.
Special Tool - Flywheel Puller, M38 × 1.5: 57001–1405
CAUTION
Do not attempt to strike the alternator rotor itself.
Striking the rotor can cause the magnets to lose
their magnetism.
Alternator Rotor Installation
a cleaning fluid, clean off any oil or dirt on the fol• Using
lowing portions and dry them with a clean cloth.
•
[A] Crankshaft Tapered Portion
[B] Alternator Rotor Tapered Portion
Apply a thin coat of molybdenum disulfide grease to the
crankshaft [C].
the starter gear [A], and washer [B].
• Install
Again,
• there. clean the crankshaft tapered portion [C] and dry
the alternator rotor [A] while turning [B] it counter• Install
clockwise.
16-30 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Charging System
• Install the washer [A].
NOTE
○Confirm the alternator rotor fit or not to the crankshaft
before tightening it with specified torque.
bolt fastening process has two steps. If
both steps are not carried out, the alternator bolt could
loosen and the engine could be damaged. Carry out
following two steps without fail.
○Alternator
Step 1:
Install the rotor and tighten it with 70 N·m (7 kgf·m, 52
ft·lb) of torque.
Remove the washer and rotor bolt.
Check the tightening torque with flywheel puller [C].
If the rotor is not pulled out with 40 N·m (4.1 kgf·m, 30
ft·lb) of drawing torque, it is installed correctly.
If the rotor is pulled out with under 40 N·m (4.1 kgf·m, 30
ft·lb) of drawing torque, clean off any oil dirt or flaw of the
crankshaft and rotor tapered portion, and dry them with
a clean cloth. Then, confirm that it is not pulled out with
above torque.
Tighten the alternator rotor bolt [B] while holding the alternator rotor steadily with the flywheel holder.
•
•
•
•
Special Tool - Flywheel Holder: 57001–1313
Torque - Alternator Rotor Bolt: 120 N·m (12 kgf·m, 87 ft·lb)
Step 2:
Loosen the alternator rotor bolt until turn it by hand.
Tighten the alternator rotor bolt again while holding the
alternator rotor steadily with the flywheel holder.
Observe the tightening torque. If tightening torque is over
the specified torque the alternator rotor bolt damaged.
•
•
•
Special Tool - Flywheel Holder: 57001-1313
Torque - Alternator Rotor Bolt: 120 N·m (12 kgf·m, 87 ft·lb)
a thin coat of molybdenum disulfide grease to the
• Apply
shaft [A], and install it and starter idle gear [B].
the alternator cover (see Alternator Cover Installa• Install
tion).
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-31
Charging System
Alternator Inspection
There are three types of alternator failures: short, open
(wire burned out), or loss in rotor magnetism. A short or
open in one of the coil wires will result in either a low output,
or no output at all. A loss in rotor magnetism, which may be
caused by dropping or hitting the alternator, by leaving it
near an electromagnetic field, or just by aging, will result in
low output.
To check the alternator output voltage, do the following
procedures.
○Turn off the ignition switch.
○Remove the fuel tank (see Fuel System chapter).
○Supply fuel to the throttle body with an auxiliary fuel tank.
•
○Disconnect the alternator lead connector [A].
○Connect the hand tester [B] as shown in the table 1.
○Start the engine, and run it 6 000 rpm 5 minutes.
○Run it at the rpm given in the table 1.
○Note the voltage readings (total 3 measurements).
Table 1 Alternator Output Voltage
Tester
Connections
Reading
Range
Tester (+) to
Tester (–) to
@ 4 000 rpm
250 V
One Black
Another
42.4 ∼
AC
lead
Black lead
63.6 V
16-32 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Charging System
If the output voltage shows the value in the table, the alternator operates properly.
If the output voltage shows a much higher than the value
in the table, the regulator/rectifier is damaged. A much
lower reading than that given in the table indicates that
the alternator is defective.
Check the stator coil resistance as follows.
○Stop the engine.
○Connect the commercially available tester as shown in the
table 2.
○Note the readings (total 3 measurement).
•
Table 2 Stator Coil Resistance
Tester
•
Connections
Range
Tester (+) to
Tester (–) to
× 1 Ω
One Black
Another
lead
Black lead
Reading
0.3 ∼ 0.4 Ω
If there is more resistance than shown in the table, or
no tester reading (infinity) for any two leads, the stator
has an open lead and must be replaced. Much less than
this resistance means the stator is shorted, and must be
replaced.
Using the highest resistance range of the hand tester,
measure the resistance between each of the black leads
and chassis ground.
Any hand tester reading less than infinity (∞) indicates a
short, necessitating stator replacement.
If the stator coils have normal resistance, but the voltage
check showed the alternator to be defective; then the rotor
magnets have probably weakened, and the rotor must be
replaced.
Regulator/Rectifier Inspection
• Remove:
Seat Cover (see Frame chapter)
Fuel Tank (see fuel System chapter)
Connectors [A] (disconnect)
Clamp [B]
Bolts [A]
Regulator/Rectifier [B]
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-33
Charging System
Rectifier Circuit Check:
Check the rectifier resistance as follows.
Disconnect the regulator/rectifier connector.
Connect the hand tester (special tool) to the regulator/rectifier as shown in the table, and check the resistance in
both directions of each diode in the rectifier following the
table.
The resistance should be low in one direction and more
than ten times as much in the other direction. If any two
leads are low or high in both directions, the rectifier is
defective and the regulator/rectifier must be replaced.
•
•
•
NOTE
○The actual meter reading varies with the meter used
and the individual rectifier, but, generally speaking the
lower reading should be from zero to one half the scale.
No.
Connections
Tester (+)
1
BK1
2
BK2
3
BK3
4
BK1
5
BK2
6
BK3
7
8
BK/BL
Tester (-)
x 10Ω
BK1
1/2 scale
or
BK2
or less
x 100Ω
10
BK1
12
∞
BK/W
BK3
BK/W
Tester
Range
BK/BL
9
11
Reading
BK2
∞
BK3
Regulator Circuit Check:
To test the regulator out of circuit, use three 12 V batteries
and a test light (12 V 3 ∼ 6 W bulb in a socket with leads).
CAUTION
The test light works as an indicator and also a current limiter to protect the regulator/rectifier from excessive current. Do not use an ammeter instead of
a test light.
16-34 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Charging System
the 1st step regulator circuit test.
•○Do
Connect the test light and the 12 V battery to the regula-
tor/rectifier as shown.
○Check BK1, BK2, and BK3 terminal respectively.
If the test light turns on, the regulator/rectifier is defective.
Replace it.
If the test light does not turn on, continue the test.
the 2nd step regulator circuit test.
•○Do
Connect the test light and the 12 V battery in the same
manner as specified in the "1st step regulator circuit test".
○Apply 12 V to the BK/R terminal.
○Check BK1, BK2, and BK3 terminal respectively.
If the test light turns on, the regulator/rectifier is defective.
Replace it.
If the test light does not turn on, continue the test.
the 3rd step regulator circuit test
•○Do
Connect the test light and the 12 V battery in the same
manner as specified in the "1st step regulator circuit test".
○Momentarily apply 24 V to the BK/R terminal by adding a
12 V battery.
○Check BK1, BK2, and BK3 terminals respectively.
CAUTION
Do not apply more than 24 volts. If more than 24
volts is applied the regulator/rectifier may be damaged. Do not apply 24 V more than a few seconds.
If 24 volts is applied for more than a few seconds,
the regulator/rectifier may be damaged.
If the test light did not light when the 24 V was applied
momentarily to the BK/R terminal, the regulator/rectifier
is defective. Replace it.
If the regulator/rectifier passes all of the tests described,
it may still be defective. If the charging system still does
not work properly after checking all of the components
and the battery, test the regulator/rectifier by replacing it
with a known good unit.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-35
Charging System
Charging Voltage Inspection
the battery condition (see Battery section).
• Check
Warm
up
• conditions.the engine to obtain actual alternator operating
the seats (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Check
that
the ignition switch is turned off, and connect
• the hand tester
[A] as shown in the table.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
the engine, and note the voltage readings at vari• Start
ous engine speeds with the headlight turned on and then
turned off. (Disconnect the headlight connector in the upper fairing.) The readings should show nearly battery voltage when the engine speed is low, and, as the engine
speed rises, the readings should also rise. But they must
be kept under the specified voltage.
Charging Voltage
Tester
Connections
Range
Tester (+) to
Tester (–) to
25 V DC
Battery (+)
Battery (–)
Reading
14.2 ∼ 15.2 V
off the ignition switch to stop the engine, and discon• Turn
nect the hand tester.
If the charging voltage is kept between the values given in
the table, the charging system is considered to be working
normally.
If the charging voltage is much higher than the values
specified in the table, the regulator/rectifier is defective
or the regulator/rectifier leads are loose or open.
If the charging voltage does not rise as the engine speed
increases, then the regulator/rectifier is defective or the
alternator output is insufficient for the loads. Check the
alternator and regulator/rectifier to determine which part
is defective.
16-36 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Charging System
Charging System Circuit
1. Ignition Switch
2. Alternator
3. Regulator/Rectifier
4. Battery
5. Main Fuse 30 A
6. Load
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-37
Ignition System
16-38 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Ignition System
WARNING
The ignition system produces extremely high voltage. Do not touch the spark plugs or stick coils
while the engine is running, or you could receive
a severe electrical shock.
CAUTION
Do not disconnect the battery leads or any other
electrical connections when the ignition switch is
on, or while the engine is running. This is to prevent
IC igniter damage.
Do not install the battery backwards. The negative
side is grounded. This is to prevent damage to the
diodes and IC igniter.
Crankshaft Sensor Removal
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System chapter)
Reserve Tank
Right Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Crankshaft Sensor Lead Connector [A]
Side Stand Switch Lead Connector [B]
Neutral Switch Lead Connector [A]
•
Crankshaft Sensor Cover
Oil Pressure Switch Terminal [A]
Remove the crankshaft sensor [B] by taking off the crankshaft sensor bolts [C].
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-39
Ignition System
Crankshaft Sensor Installation
the crankshaft sensor lead correctly (see Cable,
• Route
Wire, and Hose Routing in Appendix chapter).
• Tighten:
Torque - Crankshaft Sensor Bolts: 5.9 N·m (0.60 kgf·m, 52
in·lb)
silicone sealant [A] to the crankshaft sensor lead
• Apply
grommet and crankcase halves mating surface on the
front and rear sides of the crankshaft sensor cover mount.
Sealant - Kawasaki Bond (Silicone Sealant): 56019–120
a non-permanent locking agent to the threads of
• Apply
the crankshaft sensor cover bolt [A].
the clamps [B] and tighten the crankshaft sensor
• Install
cover bolts.
Torque - Crankshaft Sensor Cover Bolts:
kgf·m, 87 in·lb)
9.8 N·m (1.0
the oil pressure switch terminal and tighten the ter• Install
minal bolt.
Torque - Oil Pressure Switch Terminal Bolt: 1.5 N·m (0.15
kgf·m, 13 in·lb)
grease to the terminal.
• Apply
Install
the other remove parts.
•
Crankshaft Sensor Inspection
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System chapter)
•
Crankshaft Sensor Lead Connector [A]
Set the hand tester [B] to the × 100 Ω range and connect the (+) lead to the black lead [C] and (–) lead to the
black/yellow lead [D] in the connector [A].
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001– 1394
If there is more resistance than the specified value, the
coil has an open lead and must be replaced. Much less
than this resistance means the coil is shorted, and must
be replaced.
Crankshaft Sensor Resistance: 460 ∼ 470 Ω
the highest resistance range of the tester, measure
• Using
the resistance between the crankshaft sensor leads and
chassis ground.
Any tester reading less than infinity (∞) indicates a short,
necessitating replacement of the crankshaft sensor assembly.
16-40 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Ignition System
Crankshaft Sensor Peak Voltage
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel System chapter)
•
•
Crankshaft Sensor Lead Connector
Set the Hand Tester [B] to the × 10 V DC range, and
connect it a commercially available peak voltage adapter
[E] as shown in the diagram.
Connect the black lead (-) of the Adapter to black/yellow
lead [D] and red lead (+) to black lead [C] in the crankshaft
sensor connector [A].
Turn the ignition switch and engine stop switch on.
•
the clutch lever and pushing the starter button, turn
• Grasp
the engine 4 ∼ 5 seconds with the transmission gear in
•
neutral to measure the crankshaft sensor peak voltage.
Repeat the measurement 5 or more times.
Crankshaft Sensor Peak Voltage
2.0 V or more
Standard:
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Recommended ToolPeak Voltage Adapter
Type: KEK-54-9-B
Brand: KOWA SEIKI
Stick Coil (Ignition Coil together with Spark Plug Cap)
Removal
the air cleaner housing (see Fuel System chap• Remove
ter).
the stick coil connectors [A].
• Disconnect
Pull
the
stick
coils [B] off the spark plugs.
•
CAUTION
Do not pry the connector part of the coil while removing the coil.
Stick Coil (Ignition Coil together with Spark Plug Cap)
Installation
the coil using the following steps.
•○Install
Insert the coil [A] as shown being careful of the coil installation direction.
○Connect the connectors [B].
○Stick coil connectors angle [C]: about 45°
CAUTION
Do not tap the coil head while installing the coil.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-41
Ignition System
Stick Coil (Ignition Coil together with Spark Plug Cap)
Inspection
the stick coils (see this chapter).
• Remove
the primary winding resistance [A] as follows.
•○Measure
Connect the hand tester between the coil terminals.
○Set the tester to the × 1 Ω range, and read the tester.
the secondary winding resistance [B] as follows.
•○Measure
Connect the tester between the plug terminal and (–) coil
terminal.
○Set the tester to the × 1 kΩ range and read the tester.
Ignition Coil Winding Resistance
Primary Windings:
1.2 ∼ 1.6 Ω
Secondary Windings:
8.5 ∼ 11.5 kΩ
If the tester does not read as specified, replace the coil.
Stick Coil Primary Peak Voltage
NOTE
○Be sure the battery is fully charged.
the stick coils (see this chapter), but do not re• Remove
move the spark plugs.
the primary peak voltage as follows.
•○Measure
Install the new spark plug [A] into each stick coil [B], and
ground them onto the engine.
○Connect a commercially available peak voltage adapter
[C] into the hand tester [D] which is set to the × 250 V DC
range.
○Connect the adapter to the lead wire-peak voltage
adapter [E] which is connected between the stick coil
connector and stick coil.
[F] ECU
Recommended ToolPeak Voltage Adapter
Type: KEK-54-9-B
Brand: KOWA SEIKI
Special Tools - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Lead Wire-Peak Voltage Adapter:
57001–1449
Primary Lead Connection
Adapter (R, +) to lead wire-peak voltage adapter (W)
Adapter (BK, -) to lead wire-peak voltage adapter (R)
16-42 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Ignition System
WARNING
To avoid extremely high voltage shocks, do not
touch the spark plugs or tester connections.
the ignition switch and the engine stop switch ON.
• Turn
Pushing
starter button, turn the engine 4 ∼ 5 seconds
• with the the
transmission in neutral to measure the primary
•
peak voltage.
Repeat the measurements 5 times for one stick coil.
Stick Coil Primary Peak Voltage
100 V or more
Standard:
the test for the other stick coil.
• Repeat
If the reading is less than the specified value, check the
following.
Stick Coils (see Stick Coil Inspection)
Crankshaft Sensor (see Crankshaft Sensor Inspection)
ECU (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
Spark Plug Removal
• Remove:
Air Cleaner Housing (see Fuel System chapter)
•
Stick Coils
Remove the spark plugs using the 16 mm plug wrench.
Owner’s Tool - Spark Plug Wrench, 16 mm: 92110–1146
Spark Plug Installation
the spark plug vertically into the plug hole with the
• Insert
plug [A] installed in the plug wrench [B].
Owner’s Tool - Spark Plug Wrench, 16 mm: 92110–1146
• Tighten:
Torque - Spark Plugs: 13 N·m (1.3 kgf·m, 113 in·lb)
• Fit the stick coils securely.
Spark Plug Cleaning and Inspection
○Refer
to the Electrical System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Spark Plug Gap Inspection
○Refer
to the Electrical System in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-43
Ignition System
Camshaft Position Sensor Removal
the lower fairings (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Lift
the
left
side of the baffle plate and take out the
• camshaft position
sensor lead connector.
Remove
the
left
under
radiator bolt.
• Move the bottom of theside
radiator
the front [A], and
• disconnect the camshaft positiontoward
sensor lead connector
[B].
• Remove:
Camshaft Position Sensor Bolt [A]
Camshaft Position Sensor [B]
Camshaft Position Sensor Installation
grease or engine oil to the O-ring on the camshaft
• Apply
position sensor.
Tighten:
Torque - Camshaft Position Sensor Bolt: 12 N·m (1.2 kgf·m,
106 in·lb)
Camshaft Position Sensor Inspection
• Remove:
Right Lower Fairing (see Frame chapter)
•
Camshaft Position Sensor Lead Connector (disconnect)
Set the hand tester to the × 10 Ω range and connect it to
the terminals.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001-1394
If there is more resistance than the specified value, the
sensor coil has an open lead and must be replaced. Much
less than this resistance means the sensor coil is shorted,
and must be replaced.
Camshaft Position Sensor Resistance: 490 ∼ 590 Ω
the highest resistance range of the tester, mea• Using
sure the resistance between the camshaft position sensor
leads and chassis ground.
Any tester reading less than infinity (∞) indicates a short,
necessitating replacement of the camshaft position sensor.
16-44 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Ignition System
Camshaft Position Sensor Peak Voltage Inspection
• Remove:
Right Lower Inner Cover (see Frame chapter)
•
•
Camshaft Position Sensor Lead Connector
Set the commercially available tester [A] to the 10 V DC
range.
Connect commercially available peak voltage adapter [B]
to the hand tester and camshaft position sensor leads in
the terminals.
Recommended ToolPeak Voltage Adapter
Type: KEK-54-9-B
Brand: KOWA SEIKI
Connections:
Camshaft Position
Sensor Terminal
(+) [C]
(–) [D]
Adapter
←
←
Red
Black
Hand Tester
→
→
(+)
(–)
the ignition switch and engine stop switch on.
• Turn
the starter button, turn the engine 4 ∼ 5 sec• Pushing
onds with the transmission gear in neutral to measure the
•
camshaft position sensor peak voltage.
Repeat the measurement 5 or more times.
Camshaft Position Sensor Peak Voltage
Standard:
0.1 V or more
If the peak voltage is lower than the standard, inspect the
camshaft position sensor.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-45
Ignition System
Interlock Operation Inspection
the seats (see Frame chapter).
•1stRemove
Check
the terminal voltage of the G/BK lead in the junc• Measure
tion box connector [A] in accordance with the following
procedure.
○Set the tester [B] to the 25 V DC range, connect it to the
G/BK lead and frame ground [C].
Connection:
Tester (+) Terminal → G/BK Lead Terminal
Tester (–) Terminal → Frame Ground
Condition:
Transmission Gear → 1st Position
Clutch Lever → Release
Side Stand → Down
○Turn the ignition switch on.
○Read the voltage.
Interlock Operation Voltage
4 V or more
Standard:
If the voltage is lower than the standard, inspect the side
stand switch, starter lockout switch and junction box. And
their parts are normality, replace the ECU.
If the voltage is standard, push the starter button to check
as follows.
○If the starter motor does not turn, the ECU is good, and
check the starter system circuit.
○If the starter motor turned, ECU is defective. Replace the
ECU.
16-46 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Ignition System
2nd Check
Raise the rear wheel off the ground with a stand.
Set the following conditions.
•
Condition:
Transmission Gear → 1st Position
Clutch Lever → Release
Side Stand → Up
the ignition switch on and push the starter button.
• Turn
If turn the engine, inspect the starter lockout switch, side
•
stand switch and junction box.
If their parts are normality, replace the ECU
Set the following conditions.
Condition:
Transmission Gear → 1st Position
Clutch Lever → Pull in
Side Stand → Up
the ignition switch on and push the starter button.
• Turn
If the engine dose not turn, inspect the starter lockout
•
•
switch, side stand switch and junction box.
If their parts are normality, replace the ECU.
Inspect the engine for its secure stop after the following
operations are completed.
Run the engine to the following conditions.
Condition:
Transmission Gear → 1st Position
Clutch Lever → Release
Side Stand → Up
the side stand on the ground, then the engine will
• Set
stop.
If engine does not be stop, inspect the starter lockout
switch, side stand switch and junction box.
If their parts are normality, replace the ECU.
IC Igniter Inspection
○The IC igniter is built in the ECU [A].
to the Interlock Operation Inspection, Ignition Sys• Refer
tem Troubleshooting chart and Fuel System (DFI) chapter
for ECU Inspection.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-47
Ignition System
Ignition System Circuit
1. Junction Box
2. Ignition Fuse 10A
3. Ignition Switch
4. Engine Stop Switch
5. Starter Button
6. Stick Coils
7. Spark Plugs
8. Subthrottle Motor
9. Crankshaft Sensor
10. Side Stand Switch
11. Camshaft Position Sensor
12. Main Throttle Sensor
13. Subthrottle Sensor
14. Starter Lockout Switch
15. ECU Main Relay
16. ECU Fuse 15A
17. Vehicle-down Sensor
18. Battery
19. Main Fuse 30A
20. ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
16-48 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Electric Starter System
Starter Motor Removal
the fuel tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter).
• Remove
Slide
back
rubber cap.
• Remove thethestarter
motor terminal bolt [A] and the mount• ing bolts [B].
• Pull out the starter motor [C].
Starter Motor Installation
CAUTION
Do not tap the starter motor shaft or body. Tapping
the shaft or body could damage the motor.
installing the starter motor, clean the starter mo• When
tor legs [A] and crankcase [B] where the starter motor is
grounded.
the O-ring [A] with a new one.
• Replace
Apply
grease
• Tighten: to the O-ring.
•
Torque - Starter Motor Mounting Bolts: 9.8 N·m (1.0 kgf·m,
87 in·lb)
Starter Motor Disassembly
off the starter motor through bolts [A] and remove
• Take
both end covers [B] and pull the armature out of the yoke
[C].
Starter Motor Assembly
a thin coat of grease to the oil seal [A].
• Apply
Fit
the
toothed washer [B] into the left-hand end cover.
• Install the
washer [C].
•
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-49
Electric Starter System
the springs and holding the brush leads with suit• Press
able clips [A] as shown.
• Put the armature [B] among the brushes.
• Install the O-rings [A] as shown.
the groove [A] in the right-hand end cover and the
• Align
hollow mark [B] on the yoke.
the hollow mark [A] on the left-hand end cover and
• Align
the hollow mark [B] on the yoke.
Brush Inspection
the length [A] of each brush.
• Measure
If any is worn down to the service limit, replace the brush
holder assembly.
Starter Motor Brush Length
Standard:
7 mm (0.28 in.)
Service Limit:
3.5 mm (0.14 in.)
16-50 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Electric Starter System
Commutator Cleaning and Inspection
the commutator surface [A] if necessary with fine
• Smooth
emery cloth [B], and clean out the grooves.
the diameter [A] of the commutator [B].
• Measure
If the commutator diameter is less than the service limit,
replace the starter motor with a new one .
Commutator Diameter
Standard:
Service Limit:
24 mm (0.94 in.)
23 mm (0.91 in.)
Armature Inspection
the × 1 Ω hand tester range, measure the resis• Using
tance between any two commutator segments [A].
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
•
If there is a high resistance or no reading (∞) between any
two segments, a winding is open and the starter motor
must be replaced.
Using the highest hand tester range, measure the resistance between the segments and the shaft [B].
If there is any reading at all, the armature has a short and
the starter motor must be replaced.
NOTE
○Even if the foregoing checks show the armature to be
good, it may be defective in some manner not readily
detectable with the hand tester. If all other starter motor
and starter motor circuit components check good, but
the starter motor still does not turn over or only turns
over weakly, replace the starter motor with a new one.
Brush Lead Inspection
the × 1 Ω hand tester range, measure the resis• Using
tance as shown.
[A] Terminal Bolt and Positive Brush
[B] Right–hand End Cover and Negative Brush
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
If there is not close to zero ohms, the brush lead has an
open. Replace the positive brush assembly and/or the
negative brush subassembly.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-51
Electric Starter System
Right–hand End Cover Assembly Inspection
the highest hand tester range, measure the resis• Using
tance as shown.
[A] Terminal and Right–hand End Cover
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
If there is any reading, the right-hand end cover assembly
have a short. Replace the right-hand end cover assembly.
Starter Relay Inspection
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Starter Cable [A]
Battery Cable [B]
Connector [C]
Starter Relay [D]
the hand tester [A] and 12 V battery [B] to the
• Connect
starter relay [C] as shown.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
If the relay does not work as specified, the relay is defective. Replace the relay.
Testing Relay
Tester Range:
× 1 Ω range
Criteria:
When battery is connected → 0 Ω
When battery is disconnected → ∞ Ω
16-52 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Electric Starter System
Electric Starter Circuit
1. Ignition Switch
2. Engine Stop Switch
3. Starter Button
4. Junction Box
5. Starter Circuit Relay
6. Ignition Fuse 10A
7. Side Stand Switch
8. Neutral Switch
9. Starter Lockout Switch
10. Starter Motor
11. Diode
12. Starter Relay
13. Main Fuse 30 A
14. Battery
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-53
Lighting System
This motorcycle adopt the daylight system and have a
headlight relay in the junction box. The headlight does not
go on when the ignition switch and the engine stop switch
are first turned on. The headlight comes on after the starter
button is released and stays on until the ignition switch is
turned off. The headlight will go out momentarily whenever
the starter button is pressed and come back on when the
button is released.
Headlight Beam Horizontal Vertical Adjustment
the inner (upper) fairing (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Turn
the
horizontal
[A] on the headlight in or out
• until the beam pointsadjuster
straight ahead.
Turn
the
vertical
adjusters
[B] on the headlight in or out to
• adjust the headlight vertically.
NOTE
○On high beam, the brightest points should be slightly
below horizontal with the motorcycle on its wheels and
the rider seated. Adjust the headlight(s) to the proper
angle according to local regulations.
○For US model, the proper angle is 0.4 degrees below
horizontal. This is 50 mm (2 in.) drop at 7.6 m (25
ft) measured from the center of the headlights with the
motorcycle on its wheels and the rider seated.
50 mm (2 in.) [A]
Center of Brightest Spot [B]
7.6 m (25 ft) [C]
Height of Headlight Center [D]
Low Beam [E]
High Beam [F]
16-54 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Lighting System
Headlight Bulb Replacement
• Remove:
Headlight Bulb Dust Cover
Headlight Connector [A]
Hook [B]
Headlight Bulb [C]
CAUTION
When handling the quartz–halogen bulb, never
touch the glass portion with bare hands. Always
use a clean cloth. Oil contamination from hands or
dirty rags can reduce bulb life or cause the bulb to
explode.
NOTE
○Clean off any contamination that inadvertently gets on
the bulb with alcohol or soap and water solution.
the headlight bulb.
• Replace
the mark [A] on the headlight and mark [B] the dust
• Align
cover, and turn the dust cover clockwise so that the mark
•
[B] faces topward.
After installation, adjust the headlight aim (see this chapter).
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-55
Lighting System
Headlight/Tail Light Circuit
1. High Beam Indicator
Light
2. Ignition Switch
3. Headlight (High Beam)
4. Headlight (Low Beam)
5. City Light
6. Dimmer Switch
7. Passing Button
8. Main Fuse 30A
9. Battery
10. License Plate Light
11. Tail Light
A: Other than United States, Canadian and Australian Models
B: Other than United States and Canadian Models
12. Frame Ground
13. Alternator
14. Tail Light Fuse 10A
15. Headlight Fuse 10A
16. Junction Box
16-56 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Lighting System
Turn Signal Relay Inspection
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
Turn Signal Relay [A]
one 12 V battery and turn signal lights as indi• Connect
cated in the figure, and count how may times the lights
flash for one minute.
Turn Signal Relay [A]
Turn Signal Lights [B]
12 V Battery [C]
If the lights do not flash as specified, replace the turn signal relay.
Testing Turn Signal Relay
Load
The Number
of Turn
Wattage (W)
Flashing times
Signal Lights
(c/m*)
1**
21
140 - 250
2
42
75 – 95
(*): Cycle(s) per minute
(**): Correspond to “one light burned out”
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-57
Lighting System
Turn Signal Light Circuit
1. Turn Signal Indicator Lights
(Right & Left)
2. Front Right Turn Signal Light
3. Front Left Turn Signal Light
4. Turn Signal Switch
5. Turn Signal Relay
6. Junction Box
7. Turn Signal Relay Fuse 10A
8. Ignition Switch
9. Rear Right Turn Signal Light
10. Rear Left Turn Signal Light
11. Main Fuse 30 A
12. Battery
16-58 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Radiator Fan System
WARNING
The radiator fan is connected directly to the battery. The fan may start even if the ignition switch is
off. NEVER TOUCH THE RADIATOR FAN UNTIL THE
RADIATOR FAN CONNECTOR IS DISCONNECTED.
TOUCHING THE FAN BEFORE THE CONNECTOR
IS DISCONNECTED COULD CAUSE INJURY FROM
THE FAN BLADES.
Fan System Circuit Inspection
the left lower fairing (see Frame chapter)
• Remove
Disconnect
the leads from the radiator fan switch [A].
• Using an auxiliary
wire [B], connect the radiator fan switch
• leads.
If the fan rotates, inspect the fan switch.
If the fan does not rotate, inspect the following.
Leads and Connectors
Main Fuse and Fan Fuse
Fan Motor
Fan Motor Inspection
the left lower fairing (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Disconnect
the 2-pin connector [A] in the fan motor leads.
• Using two auxiliary
wires, supply battery [B] power to the
• fan motor.
If the fan does not rotate, the fan motor is defective and
must be replaced.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-59
Radiator Fan System
Radiator Fan Circuit
1. Radiator Fan
2. Radiator Fan Switch
3. Junction Box
4. Fan Fuse 10 A
5. Main Fuse 30 A
6. Battery
16-60 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Meter
Meter Assembly Removal
• Remove:
Upper Fairing (see Frame chapter)
Meter Bracket Bolts [A]
the dust cover [A] and remove the wiring connector.
• Slide
Remove
the meter unit by taking off the mounting screws
• [B] with the
washers.
CAUTION
Place the meter unit so that the face is up. If a meter
unit is left upside down or sideways for any length
of time, it will malfunction.
Meter Assembly Disassembly
• Remove:
Meter Assembly (see Meter Assembly Removal)
Screws [A]
Lower Meter Cover [B]
the meter liquid crystal display assembly [A] and
• Separate
upper meter cover [B].
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-61
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
Electronic Combination Meter Assembly Inspection
• Remove the meter assembly [A].
[1] Ignition
[10] Battery (+)
[2] Fuel Reserve Switch
[11] Oil Pressure Warning
[3] Stop Watch (+)
Indicator Light (LED)
[4] Lap Time (+)
Ground (–)
[5] Neutral Indicator Light [12] Speed Sensor Supply
Voltage
(LED) Ground (–)
[6] FI Indicator Light
[13] Right Turn Signal Light
(LED) Ground (–)
(LED) (+)
[7] Tachometer Pulse
[14] Left Turn Signal Indicator
[8] Water Temperature
Sensor
Light (LED) (+)
[15] High Beam Indicator Light
[9] Ground (–)
(LED)
[16] Speed Sensor Pulse
CAUTION
Do not drop the meter unit. Place the meter unit so
that it faces upward. If the meter assembly is left upside down or sideways for a long time or dropped,
it will malfunction.
CAUTION
Do not short each terminals.
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check:
Connect the harness adapter to the meter assembly connector.
•
Special Tool - Harness Adapter: 57001–1542
the auxiliary wires, connect the 12 V battery to the
• Using
each connector of harness adapter as follows.
○Connect the battery positive terminal to the terminal [10].
○Connect the battery negative terminal to the terminal [9].
• Connect the terminal [1] to the terminal [10].
16-62 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
○The
tachometer LCD segments momentarily to it last
readings two times and segment movement is reversal.
○When the terminals are connected, all the LCD segments
[A] and LED warning light [B] appear for three seconds.
If the LCD segments and LED warning light will not appear, replace the meter assembly.
Disconnect the terminal [1].
○All the LCD segments and LED warning light disappear.
If the segments do not disappear, replace the meter assembly.
•
MODE AND RESET BUTTON Operation Check:
Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same manner as specified in the "Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check".
Check that the display [B] change to the ODO, TRIP, and
CLOCK and STOP WATCH displays each time the mode
selector button [A] is pressed.
If the display function does not work, replace the meter
assembly.
•
•
the clock mode.
• Indicate
Check
that
the RESET button in CLOCK mode is
• pushed for when
more than two seconds, the meter display
turns to the clock set mode.
○Both the hour and minute display start flashing.
setting mode, press the reset but• Intonthe[C]HOUR/MINUTE
again to effect the HOUR setting mode.
○The hour display flashes on the display.
• Press the mode selector button [A] to set the hour.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-63
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
the HOUR setting mode, press the reset button [C] to
• Ineffect
the MINUTE setting mode.
○The minute display flashes on the display.
• Press the mode selector button [A] to set the minute.
the MINUTE setting mode, press the reset button [C]
• Into return
to the HOUR/MINUTE setting mode.
Press
the
mode selector button [A] to complete the time
• setting process.
○The clock starts counting the seconds a soon as the mode
selector button is pressed.
the ODO mode.
• Indicate
If the display function does not work and adjust, replace
the meter assembly.
Check that the display [A] [B] change to the mile and °F,
Mile and °C, km and °F, km and °C display each time by
pushing the RESET bottom while MODE bottom pushed
in.
○Mile/Km
NOTE
Display can alternate between English and
metric modes (mile and km) in the digital meter. Make
sure that km or mile according to local regulations is
correctly displayed before riding.
Speedometer Check:
Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same manner as specified in the "Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check".
The speed equivalent to the input frequency is indicated in
the oscillator [A], if the square wave (illustrated as shown)
would be input into the terminal [16].
○Indicates approximately 60 mph in case the input frequency would be approximately 146 Hz.
○Indicates approximately 60 km/h in case the input frequency would be approximately 91 Hz.
•
•
the oscillator is not available, the speedometer can be
• Ifchecked
as follows.
○Install the meter unit.
○Raise the rear wheel off the ground, using the jack.
○Turn on the ignition switch.
○Rotate the rear wheel by hand.
○Check that the speedometer shows the speed.
If the speedometer does not work, check the speed sensor electric source voltage and speed sensor.
The electric source voltage and speed sensor are normal,
replace the meter assembly.
16-64 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
Speed Sensor Electric Source Check:
Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same manner as specified in the "Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check".
Set the hand tester to the DC25 V range and connect it to
the terminals [12] and [9].
If the voltage is less than 8 V, replace the meter assembly.
•
•
Odometer Check:
Check the odometer with the speedometer check in the
same way.
If value indicated in the odometer is not added, replace
the meter assembly.
•
NOTE
○The data is maintained even if the battery is disconnected.
○When the figures come to 999999, they are stopped and
locked.
Trip Meter Check:
Check the trip meter with the speedometer in the same
way.
If value indicated in the trip meter is not added, replace
the meter assembly.
Check that when the RESET button is pushed for more
than two seconds, the figure display turns to 0.0.
If the figure display does not indicate 0.0, replace the meter assembly.
•
•
Water Temperature Meter Check:
Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same manner as specified in the "Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check".
Connect the variable rheostat [A] to the terminal [8] as
shown.
Check that the number of segments matches the resistance value of the variable rheostat.
•
•
•
Resistance
Value (Ω)
209.8
69.1
21.2
17
Temperature
Meter
–
50°C (122°F)
80°C (176°F)
120°C (248°F)
HI
Warning
Indicate
[A] –
[B] –
[B] –
[C] Flash
[D] Flash
any display function does not work, replace the meter
• Ifassembly.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-65
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
Tachometer Check:
Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same manner as specified in the "Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check".
The revolutions per minute (rpm) equivalent to the input
frequency is indicated in the oscillator [A] if the square
wave (illustrated as shown) would be input into the terminal [7].
○Indicates approximately 6500 rpm in case the input frequency would be approximately 200 Hz.
•
•
the oscillator is not available, the tachometer can be
• Ifchecked
as follows.
○Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same man-
ner as specified in the "Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check".
○Using an auxiliary wire, quickly open and connect the terminal [1] to the terminal [7] repeatedly.
○Then the tachometer segment [A] should flick [B].
If the hand does not flick, replace the meter assembly.
16-66 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
Stop Watch Check:
Connect the 12V battery and terminal in the same manner as specified in the “Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check”.
Press the mode selector button each time to set the stop
watch mode.
Connect the auxiliary wire to the terminal [3] as shown,
then stop watch start to count.
While count the stop watch, connect the auxiliary wire to
the terminal [4] as shown, then indicate the counted time
during ten seconds.
•
•
•
•
the variable rheostat [A] to the terminal [8] as
• Connect
shown.
Set the resistance to less than 21.1Ω, lap display
• When
segment indicate the water temperature.
If the display function does not work, replace the mater
assembly.
LED Lights Inspection:
Connect the 12 V battery and terminals in the same manner as specified in the “Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments check.”
Neutral Indicator Light (LED) [A]
FI Indicator Light (LED) [B]
Oil Pressure Warning Indicator Light (LED) [C]
Turn Signal Indicator Light (LED) [D]
High Beam Indicator Light (LED) [E]
Fuel Level Warning Indicator Light (LED) [F]
Shift Up Indicator Light (LED) [G]
•
the auxiliary leads and harness adapter, connect a
• Using
12 V battery to the meter unit connector as follows.
Special Tool - Harness Adapter: 57001–1542
Neutral Indicator Light (LED):
Battery Negative (–) Terminal To Terminal [5]
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-67
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
FI Indicator Light (LED):
Battery Negative (–) Terminal To Terminal [6]
Oil Pressure Warning Indicator Light (LED):
Battery Negative (–) Terminal To Terminal [11]
Right and Left Turn Signal Indicator Light (LED):
Battery Positive (+) Terminal to Terminal [13]
Battery Positive (+) Terminal to Terminal [14]
High Beam Indicator Light (LED):
Battery Positive (+) Terminal to Terminal [15]
Fuel Level Warning Indicator Light (LED):
Connect a variable rheostat [C] to terminal [2] and [9] as
shown.
Adjust the resistance value to the approximately 22 Ω.
•
•
16-68 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Meter, Gauge, Indicator Unit
Shift Up Indicator Light (LED):
Connect the 12V battery and terminal in the same manner as specified in the “Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) Segments Check”.
The revolutions per minute(rpm)equivalent to the input
frequency is indicated in the oscillator [A] if the square
wave(illustrated as shown) would be input into the terminal [7].
When set the oscillator more than 440Hz, shift up indicator light(LED) go on.
•
•
•
If each LED lights does not go on, replace the meter assembly.
Meter Circuit
1. Turn Signal Indicator Light (LED)
2. High Beam Indicator Light (LED)
3. Neutral Indicator Light (LED)
4. Oil Pressure Warning Indicator Light (LED)
5. Fuel Level Warning Indicator Light (LED)
6. FI Indicator Light (LED)
7. Odometer/Trip Meter/
Clock/Stop Watch Indicator
8. Water Temperature
Gauge
9. Tachometer
10. Speedometer
11. Meter Light (LED)
12. Shift Up Indicator Light (LED)
13. Meter Assembly
14. Frame Ground
15. Stop Watch Switch
16. Speed Sensor
17. Fuel Reserve Switch
18. Water Temperature Sensor
19. Oil Pressure Switch
20. Neutral Switch
21. Ignition Switch
22. Lap Switch
23. Junction Box
24. ACC Fuse 10A
25. Ignition Fuse 10A
26. Main Fuse 30A
27. Battery 12 V 8 Ah
28. E.C.U.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-69
Switches and Sensors
Brake Light Timing Inspection
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Brake Light Timing Adjustment
○Refer to the Brakes in the Periodic Maintenance chapter.
Switch Inspection
a hand tester, check to see that only the con• Using
nections shown in the table have continuity (about zero
ohms).
○For the handlebar switches and the ignition switch, refer
to the tables in the Wiring Diagram.
If the switch has an open or short, repair it or replace it
with a new one.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Rear Brake Light Switch Connections
Side Stand Switch Connections
Neutral Switch Connections
Oil Pressure Switch Connections*
*: Engine lubrication system is in good condition
16-70 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Switches and Sensors
Radiator Fan Switch Inspection
the fan switch (see Cooling System chapter).
• Remove
Suspend
the switch [A] in a container of coolant so that
• the temperature-sensing
projection and threaded portion
•
are submerged.
Suspend an accurate thermometer [B] in the coolant.
NOTE
○The switch and thermometer must not touch the container sides or bottom.
the container over a source of heat and gradu• Place
ally raise the temperature of the coolant while stirring the
•
coolant gently.
Using the hand tester, measure the internal resistance
of the switch across the terminals at the temperatures
shown in the table.
If the hand tester does not show the specified values, replace the switch.
Fan Switch Resistance
Rising temperature:
From OFF to ON at 93 ∼ 103°C (199 ∼ 217°F)
Falling temperature:
Fan stops with the temperature 3 ∼ 8°C (38 ∼ 46°F)
lower than the operation temperature range.
ON: Less than 0.5 Ω
OFF: More than 10 MΩ
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-71
Switches and Sensors
Water Temperature Sensor Inspection
the water temperature sensor (see Fuel System
• Remove
(DFI) chapter).
the sensor [A] in a container of coolant so that
• Suspend
the temperature-sensing projection [E] and threaded por-
•
tion [E] are submerged.
Suspend an accurate thermometer [B] in the coolant.
NOTE
○The sensor and thermometer must not touch the container side or bottom.
the container over a source of heat and gradu• Place
ally raise the temperature of the coolant while stirring the
coolant gently.
Using the hand tester, measure the internal resistance of
the sensor.
○The sensor sends electric signals to the ECU (Electronic
Control Unit) and coolant temperature gauge in the meter
unit.
○Measure the resistance across the terminals and the body
(for the gauge) at the temperatures shown in the table.
If the hand tester does not show the specified values, replace the sensor.
•
Water Temperature Sensor
Resistance for ECU [C]
Temperature
Resistance (kΩ)
(Terminal [1] - [3])
+ 0.115
20°C (68°F)
2.46
80°C (176°F)
0.32 ± 0.011
110°C (230°F)
0.1426 ± 0.0041
– 0.143
Resistance for Water Temperature Gauge [D]
Temperature
Resistance (Ω)
(Terminal [2] - Body)
50°C (122°F)
210 ± 40
120°C (248°F)
21.2 ± 1.5
Speed Sensor Removal
• Remove:
Fuel Tank (see Fuel system (DFI) chapter)
Reserve Tank [A]
Speed Sensor Bolt [B]
16-72 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Switches and Sensors
the speed sensor lead connector [A].
• Disconnect
Remove
the
speed sensor.
•
Speed Sensor Installation
• Install the speed sensor.
Torque - Speed Sensor Bolt: 3.9 N·m (0.40 kgf·m, 35 in·lb)
Speed Sensor Inspection
• Remove:
Speed Sensor (see Final Drive chapter)
the speed sensor connector [A] with the battery
• Connect
[B], 10 kΩ resistor [C] and hand tester [D] as shown.
• Set the tester to the DC 25 V range.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
[A] each side of the speed sensor surface with the
• Trace
screw driver.
○Then the tester indicator should flick [B].
If the tester indicator does not flick, replace the speed
sensor.
Fuel Reserve Switch Inspection (1)
the fuel tank with fuel.
• Fill
the fuel tank cap surely.
• Close
Remove
fuel tank (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter).
• Connect the
the
[A] (12 V 3.4 W bulb a socket with
• leads) and thetest12 light
V battery [B] to the fuel pump connector
[C].
Connections:
Battery (+) → 12 V 3.4 W Bulb (one side)
12 V 3.4 W Bulb (other side) → R/BK Lead Terminal
Battery (–) → BK/W Lead Terminal
Special Tool - Needle Adapter Set: 57001-1457
If the test light turn on, the reverse switch is defective.
Replace the fuel pump.
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-73
Switches and Sensors
Fuel Reserve Switch Inspection (2)
• Remove:
Fuel Pump (see Fuel System (DFI) chapter)
the test light (12 V 3.4 W bulb in a socket with
• Connect
leads) and the 12 V battery to the fuel pump connector as
shown.
12 V Battery [A]
Test Light [B]
Fuel Pump Connector [C]
Fuel Reserve Switch [D]
If the test light doesn’t light, replace the fuel pump.
NOTE
○It may take a long time to turn on the test light in case
that the fuel reserve switch is inspected just after the
fuel pump is removed. Leave the fuel reserve switch
with leads for inspection connected for one (1) minute.
16-74 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Junction Box
The junction box [A] has fuses [B], relays, and diodes.
The relays and diodes can not be removed.
Junction Box Fuse Circuit Inspection
the seats (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Remove
junction box.
• Pull off thetheconnectors
the junction box.
• Make sure all connectorfrom
are clean and tight, and
• none of them have beenterminals
bent.
•
Clean the dirty terminals, and straighten slightly–bent terminals.
Check conductivity of the numbered terminals with the
hand tester.
If the tester does not read as specified, replace the junction box.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
Fuse Circuit Inspection
Tester Connection
Tester Reading (Ω)
Tester Connection
Tester Reading (Ω)
1 - 1A
0
1A - 8
∞
1 - 2
0
2 - 8
∞
3A - 4
0
3A - 8
∞
6 - 5
0
6 - 2
∞
6 - 10
0
6 - 3A
∞
6 - 7
0
17 - 3A
∞
6 - 17
0
Starter Circuit/Headlight Relay Inspection
the junction box.
• Remove
Check
conductivity
of the following numbered terminals
• by connecting the hand
tester and one 12 V battery to the
junction box as shown.
If the tester does not read as specified, replace the junction box.
Special Tool - Hand Tester: 57001–1394
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-75
Junction Box
Relay Circuit Inspection (with the battery disconnected)
Tester
Connection
Tester Reading
(Ω)
Tester
Connection
Tester Reading (Ω)
7 - 8
∞
9 - 11
∞
Headlight
7 - 13
∞
Starter Circuit
12 - 13
∞
Relay
(+) (-)
Relay
(+) (-)
13 - 9
13 - 11
Not ∞ *
∞
(+) (-)
12 - 11
(*): The actual reading varies with the hand tester used.
(+): Apply tester positive lead.
(–): Apply tester negative lead.
Relay Circuit Inspection (with the battery connected)
Battery
Tester
Connection
Connection
(+) (–)
Headlight Relay
9 – 13
Tester
Reading
(Ω)
7 – 8
0
(+) (–)
Starter Circuit Relay
11 – 12
13 – 11
Not ∞ *
(*): The actual reading varies with the hand tester used.
(+): Apply tester positive lead.
(–): Apply tester negative lead.
Diode Circuit Inspection
the junction box.
• Remove
Check
conductivity
of the following pairs of terminals.
•
Diode Circuit Inspection
Tester Connection
13–8, 13–9, 12–11, 12–14,
15–14, 16–14
The resistance should be low in one direction and more
than ten times as much in the other direction. If any diode
shows low or high in both directions, the diode is defective
and the junction box must be replaced.
NOTE
○The actual meter reading varies with the meter used
and the individual diodes, but, generally speaking, the
lower reading should be from zero to one half the scale.
Not ∞ *
16-76 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Junction Box
Junction Box Internal Circuit
A. Accessory Fuse 10 A
B. Fan Fuse 10 A
C. Turn Signal Relay Fuse 10 A
D. Horn Fuse 10 A
E. Ignition Fuse 10 A
F. Headlight Fuse 10 A
G. Headlight Relay
H. Headlight Diodes
I. Starter Diode
J. Starter Circuit Relay
K. Interlock Diodes
L. Taillight Fuse 10 A
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM 16-77
Fuse
30 A Main Fuse Removal
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
•
Starter Relay and 30 A Main Fuse Connector [A]
Pull out the main fuse [B] from the starter relay with needle
nose pliers.
Junction Box Fuse Removal
the seats (see Frame chapter).
• Remove
Unlock
the
to lift up the lid [A].
• Pull the fuseshook
[B]
• dle nose pliers. straight out of the junction box with nee-
15A ECU Fuse Removal
• Remove:
Seats (see Frame chapter)
15A ECU Fuse [A]
Fuse Installation
fails during operation, inspect the electrical sys• Iftema fuse
to determine the cause, and then replace it with a
•
new fuse of proper amperage.
Install the junction box fuses on the original position as
specified on the lid.
Fuse Inspection
the fuse (see Fuse Removal).
• Remove
Inspect
the
element.
• If it is blownfuse
out, replace the fuse. Before replacing a
blown fuse, always check the amperage in the affected
circuit. If the amperage is equal to or greater than the
fuse rating, check the wiring and related components for
a short circuit.
Housing [A]
Terminals [C]
Fuse Element [B]
Blown Element [D]
CAUTION
When replacing a fuse, be sure the new fuse
matches the specified fuse rating for that circuit.
Installation of a fuse with a higher rating may cause
damage to wiring and components.
APPENDIX 17-1
Appendix
Table of Contents
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing ..............................................................................................
Troubleshooting Guide ...........................................................................................................
17-2
17-12
17
17-2 APPENDIX
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Clucth Cable
2. Choke Cable
3. Throttle Cables
4. Coolant Reserve Tank Hose
5. Coolant By-pass Hose
6. Main Harness
7. Turn Signal Light Lead
8. Left Handlebar Switch Lead
9. Right Handlebar Switch Lead
10. Run the starter cable under the throttle
cables and clutch cable.
11. Run the clutch cable and through the
clamp.
12. Clamp the throttle cables and clutch cable
and run the clutch cable above the throttle
cables.
13. Run the clutch cable above the coolant
hose and through the main harness inside.
14. Run the meter lead forward the bracket.
15. Clamp the meter lead.
16. Run the left handlebar switch lead under
the main harness.
17. Clamp the left handlebar switch lead.
18. Clamp the headlight lead and the left handlebar switch lead.
APPENDIX 17-3
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Seat Lock Cable
2. ECU (Electrical Control Unit)
3. ECU Fuse15A
4. Turn Signal Relay
5. Fuel Pump Relay
6. ECU Main Relay
7. Battery (+) Lead
8. Battery
9. Vehicle-down Sensor
10. Frame Ground
11. Clamp
12. Self-diagnosis Terminal
13. Battery (-) Lead
14. Junction Box
15. Clamp
16. Starter Relay and Main Fuse30A
17. Turn Signal Light Lead Connector(Left and Right), License Light Lead Connector and Tail/Brake
Light(LED) Lead Connector
18. Clamp
17-4 APPENDIX
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Engine Ground
2. To Side Stand Switch/Neutral Switch, etc
3. To Speed Sensor
4. Regulator/Rectifire Lead
5. To Regulator/Rectifire
6. To Starter Motor
7. Clamp the ignition switch lead and horn
lead.
8. Run the ignition switch lead above the
choke cable and throttle cables.
9. Horn Lead
10. To Meter Assembly
11. To Turn Signal Lead
12. To Headlight
13. To Left Handlebar Switch
14. Right Handlebar Switch Lead
15. Clamp
16. To Camshaft Position Sensor
17. Clamp the horn lead, ignition switch lead
and right handlebar switch lead.
18. To Ignition Switch
19. Clamp
20. Inlet Air Temperature Switch
21. To Injector
22. To Fuel Pump
23. Clamp
24. Place the brake switch connector forward
than rear brake reservoir bracket.
25. Rear Brake Switch Lead
26. Clamp the main harness, rear brake
switch, regulator/rectifier lead, battery (–)
lead and starter motor lead.
APPENDIX 17-5
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. To Air Radiator Fan Switch
2. Vacuum Switch Valve
3. Tighten with the ground lead and clamp.
4. Run the subthrottle lead under the vacuum switch hose.
5. Insert the connectors to the plate.
6. From the Throttle Body Assembly
7. Face the white mark upward.
8. To Radiator Fan.
9. Insert the connector to the plate.
10. To Oil Pressure Switch
11. Main Harness
12. Clamp
13. Regulator/Rectifire Lead
14. Starter Motor Lead
15. Battery (-) Lead
16. To Speed Sensor
17. To Side Stand Switch
18. To Neutral Switch
19. To Alternator
20. Clamp
21. Starter Motor Lead
22. Run the speed sensor lead inside the engine sprocket cover hook.
23. Clamp the side stand switch lead.
24. Neutral Switch
17-6 APPENDIX
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Through the clamp to the rubber cover hole, and bend it for hold the rubber cover.
2. Radiator Fan Lead
3. Clamp the radiator fan switch lead.
4. Camshaft Position lead
5. Through the horn lead outside the bracket of radiator upside, and through it between frame and
radiator.
6. Clamp the ignition switch lead and horn lead.
7. Clamps the pinch portion to right side.
APPENDIX 17-7
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Reserve Tank Overflow Hose
2. Fuel Tank Drain Hose
3. Air Cleaner Housing Drain Hose
4. Clamp the air cleaner housing drain hose.
5. Clamp the reserve tank overflow hose and fuel tank drain hose.
17-8 APPENDIX
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Brake Hose Clamp
2. Front Master Cylinder
3. Front Brake Reservoir Tank
4. Clamp (Installed to the front fender)
5. Front Brake Caliper
6. Clamp
7. Clamp (Installed to the inner fender)
8. Rear Brake Master Cylinder
9. Rear Brake Reservoir Tank
10. Rear Brake Caliper
11. The brake hose shall be installed so that
the white mark on it faces to outside.
APPENDIX 17-9
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Radiator
2. Reserve Tank Hose
3. Coolant By-pass Hose
4. Face the clamp screw rear and approximately 30° inside.
5. Face the clamp screw downward.
6. Face the white mark forward.
7. To Cylinder Head Fitting
8. Align the mark.
9. To Reserve Tank
10. Run the reserve tank hose under the starter motor lead.
11. Run the reserve tank hose under the speed sensor lead.
17-10 APPENDIX
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
1. Radiator Fan Switch
2. To Radiator
3. Face the clamp screw downward.
4. Cylinder Fitting.
5. Water Pump.
6. Align the mark.
APPENDIX 17-11
Cable, Wire, and Hose Routing
California Evaporative Emission Control System
1. Canister
2. Band
3. Face the hole downward.
4. Separator
5. Fitting
6. Face the claw outside.
7. To Separator (Blue)
8. To Fuel Tank (Red)
9. To Canister (Blue)
10. To Throttle Body #4 (white)
11. To Vacuum Switch(Green)
17-12 APPENDIX
Troubleshooting Guide
NOTE
○Refer to the Fuel System chapter for most
of DFI trouble shooting guide.
○This is not an exhaustive list, giving every
possible cause for each problem listed. It
is meant simply as a rough guide to assist
the troubleshooting for some of the more
common difficulties.
Engine Doesn’t Start, Starting
Difficulty:
Starter motor not rotating:
Starter lockout switch or neutral switch trouble
Starter motor trouble
Battery voltage low
Starter relay not contacting or operating
Starter button not contacting
Wiring open or shorted
Ignition switch trouble
Engine stop switch trouble
Fuse blown
Starter motor rotating but engine doesn’t
turn over:
Starter clutch trouble
Vehicle-down sensor (DFI) coming off
Engine won’t turn over:
Valve seizure
Valve lifter seizure
Cylinder, piston seizure
Crankshaft seizure
Connecting rod small end seizure
Connecting rod big end seizure
Transmission gear or bearing seizure
Camshaft seizure
Starter idle gear seizure
No fuel flow:
No fuel in tank
Fuel pump trouble
Fuel tank air vent obstructed
Fuel filter clogged
Fuel line clogged
Engine flooded:
Clean spark plug and adjust plug gap
Starting technique faulty
(When flooded, do not crank the engine with
the throttle fully opened. This promotes
engine flood because more fuel is supplied
automatically by DFI.)
No spark; spark weak:
Vehicle-down sensor (DFI) coming off
Ignition switch not ON
Engine stop switch turned OFF
Clutch lever not pulled in or gear not in neutral
Battery voltage low
Spark plug dirty, broken, or gap maladjusted
Stick coil shorted or not in good contact
Stick coil trouble
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Camshaft position sensor trouble
Neutral, starter lockout, or side stand switch
trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Ignition switch or engine stop switch
shorted
Wiring shorted or open
Fuse blown
Fuel/air mixture incorrect:
Bypass screw and/or idle adjusting screw
maladjusted
Air passage clogged
Air cleaner clogged, poorly sealed, or missing
Compression Low:
Spark plug loose
Cylinder head not sufficiently tightened
down
No valve clearance
Cylinder, piston worn
Piston ring bad (worn, weak, broken, or
sticking)
Piston ring/groove clearance excessive
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Cylinder head warped
Valve spring broken or weak
Valve not seating properly (valve bent,
worn, or carbon accumulation on the
seating surface)
Poor Running at Low Speed:
Spark weak:
Battery voltage low
Spark plug dirty, broken, or maladjusted
Stick coil wiring trouble
Stick coil not in good contact
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Camshaft position sensor trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Fuel/air mixture incorrect:
Bypass screw maladjusted
Air passage clogged
Air bleed pipe bleed holes clogged
Pilot passage clogged
Air cleaner clogged, poorly sealed, or missing
Fuel tank air vent obstracted
Fuel pump trouble
Throttle body assy holder loose
APPENDIX 17-13
Troubleshooting Guide
Air cleaner duct loose
Compression low:
Spark plug loose
Cylinder head not sufficiently tightened
down
No valve clearance
Cylinder, piston worn
Piston ring bad (worn, weak, broken, or
sticking)
Piston ring/groove clearance excessive
Cylinder head warped
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Valve spring broken or weak
Valve not seating properly (valve bent,
worn, or carbon accumulation on the
seating surface)
Other:
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Throttle body assy not synchronizing
Engine oil viscosity too high
Drive train trouble
Brake dragging
Air suction valve trouble
Vacuum switch valve trouble
Engine overheating
Clutch slipping
Poor Running or No Power at High
Speed:
Firing incorrect:
Spark plug dirty, broken, or maladjusted
Stick coil wiring trouble
Stick coil not in good contact
Spark plug incorrect
Camshaft postion trouble
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Stick coil trouble
Fuel/air mixture incorrect:
Air cleaner clogged, poorly sealed, or missing
Air cleaner O-ring damaged
Air cleaner duct loose
Water or foreign matter in fuel
Throttle body assy holder loose
Fuel to injector insufficient (DFI)
Fuel tank air vent obstructed
Fuel line clogged
Fuel pump trouble (DFI)
Compression low:
Spark plug loose
Cylinder head not sufficiently tightened
down
No valve clearance
Cylinder, piston worn
Piston ring bad (worn, weak, broken, or
sticking)
Piston ring/groove clearance excessive
Cylinder head gasket damaged
Cylinder head warped
Valve spring broken or weak
Valve not seating properly (valve bent,
worn, or carbon accumulation on the
seating surface.)
Knocking:
Carbon built up in combustion chamber
Fuel poor quality or incorrect
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Camshaft position sensor trouble
Crankshaft sensor trouble
Miscellaneous:
Throttle valve won’t fully open
Brake dragging
Clutch slipping
Engine overheating
Engine oil level too high
Engine oil viscosity too high
Drive train trouble
Air suction valve trouble
Vacuum switch valve trouble
Catalytic converter melt down due to muffler
overheating (KLEEN)
Overheating:
Firing incorrect:
Spark plug dirty, broken, or maladjusted
Spark plug incorrect
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Muffler overheating:
For KLEEN, do not run the engine even if
with only one cylinder misfiring or poor
running (Request the nearest service facility to correct it)
For KLEEN, do not push-start with a dead
battery (Connect another full-charged
battery with jumper cables, and start the
engine using the electric starter)
For KLEEN, do not start the engine under
misfire due to spark plug fouling or poor
connection of the stick coil
For KLEEN, do not coast the motorcycle
with the ignition switch off (Turn the ignition switch ON and run the engine)
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Fuel/air mixture incorrect:
Throttle body assy holder loose
Air cleaner duct loose
Air cleaner poorly sealed, or missing
Air cleaner O-ring damaged
Air cleaner clogged
Compression high:
Carbon built up in combustion chamber
17-14 APPENDIX
Troubleshooting Guide
Engine load faulty:
Clutch slipping
Engine oil level too high
Engine oil viscosity too high
Drive train trouble
Brake dragging
Lubrication inadequate:
Engine oil level too low
Engine oil poor quality or incorrect
Oil cooler incorrect:
Oil cooler clogged
Gauge incorrect:
Water temperature gauge broken
Water temperature sensor broken
Coolant incorrect:
Coolant level too low
Coolant deteriorated
Wrong coolant mixed ratio
Cooling system component incorrect:
Radiator fin damaged
Radiator clogged
Thermostat trouble
Radiator cap trouble
Radiator fan switch trouble
Radiator fan relay trouble
Fan motor broken
Fan blade damaged
Water pump not turning
Water pump impeller damaged
Over Cooling:
Gauge incorrect:
Water temperature gauge broken
Water temperature sensor broken
Cooling system component incorrect:
Radiator fan switch trouble
Thermostat trouble
Clutch Operation Faulty:
Clutch slipping:
Friction plate worn or warped
Steel plate worn or warped
Clutch spring broken or weak
Clutch hub or housing unevenly worn
No clutch lever play
Clutch inner cable trouble
Clutch release mechanism trouble
Clutch not disengaging properly:
Clutch plate warped or too rough
Clutch spring compression uneven
Engine oil deteriorated
Engine oil viscosity too high
Engine oil level too high
Clutch housing frozen on drive shaft
Clutch hub nut loose
Clutch hub spline damaged
Clutch friction plate installed wrong
Clutch lever play excessive
Clutch release mechanism trouble
Gear Shifting Faulty:
Doesn’t go into gear; shift pedal doesn’t
return:
Clutch not disengaging
Shift fork bent or seized
Gear stuck on the shaft
Gear positioning lever binding
Shift return spring weak or broken
Shift return spring pin loose
Shift mechanism arm spring broken
Shift mechanism arm broken
Shift pawl broken
Jumps out of gear:
Shift fork ear worn, bent
Gear groove worn
Gear dogs and/or dog holes worn
Shift drum groove worn
Gear positioning lever spring weak or broken
Shift fork guide pin worn
Drive shaft, output shaft, and/or gear
splines worn
Overshifts:
Gear positioning lever spring weak or broken
Shift mechanism arm spring broken
Abnormal Engine Noise:
Knocking:
IC igniter in ECU trouble
Carbon built up in combustion chamber
Fuel poor quality or incorrect
Spark plug incorrect
Overheating
Piston slap:
Cylinder/piston clearance excessive
Cylinder, piston worn
Connecting rod bent
Piston pin, piston pin hole worn
Valve noise:
Valve clearance incorrect
Valve spring broken or weak
Camshaft bearing worn
Valve lifter worn
Other noise:
Connecting rod small end clearance excessive
Connecting rod big end clearance excessive
Piston ring/groove clearance excessive
Piston ring worn, broken, or stuck
Piston ring groove worn
Piston seizure, damage
Cylinder head gasket leaking
APPENDIX 17-15
Troubleshooting Guide
Exhaust pipe leaking at cylinder head connection
Crankshaft runout excessive
Engine mount loose
Crankshaft bearing worn
Primary gear worn or chipped
Camshaft chain tensioner trouble
Camshaft chain, sprocket, guide worn
Air suction valve damaged
Vacuum switch valve damaged
Alternator rotor loose
Catalytic converter melt down due to muffler
overheating (KLEEN)
Abnormal Drive Train Noise:
Clutch noise:
Clutch damper weak or damaged
Clutch housing/friction plate clearance excessive
Clutch housing gear worn
Wrong installation of outside friction plate
Transmission noise:
Bearings worn
Transmission gear worn or chipped
Metal chips jammed in gear teeth
Engine oil insufficient
Drive line noise:
Drive chain adjusted improperly
Drive chain worn
Rear and/or engine sprocket worn
Chain lubrication insufficient
Rear wheel misaligned
Abnormal Frame Noise:
Front fork noise:
Oil insufficient or too thin
Spring weak or broken
Rear shock absorber noise:
Shock absorber damaged
Disc brake noise:
Pad installed incorrectly
Pad surface glazed
Disc warped
Caliper trouble
Other noise:
Bracket, nut, bolt, etc.
not properly
mounted or tightened
Oil Pressure Warning Light Goes On:
Engine oil pump damaged
Engine oil screen clogged
Engine oil filter clogged
Engine oil level too low
Engine oil viscosity too low
Camshaft bearing worn
Crankshaft bearing worn
Oil pressure switch damaged
Wiring faulty
Relief valve stuck open
O-ring at the oil passage in the crankcase
damaged
Exhaust Smokes Excessively:
White smoke:
Piston oil ring worn
Cylinder worn
Valve oil seal damaged
Valve guide worn
Engine oil level too high
Black smoke:
Air cleaner clogged
Brown smoke:
Air cleaner duct loose
Air cleaner O-ring damaged
Air cleaner poorly sealed or missing
Handling and/or Stability
Unsatisfactory:
Handlebar hard to turn:
Cable routing incorrect
Hose routing incorrect
Wiring routing incorrect
Steering stem nut too tight
Steering stem bearing damaged
Steering stem bearing lubrication inadequate
Steering stem bent
Tire air pressure too low
Handlebar shakes or excessively vibrates:
Tire worn
Swingarm pivot bearing worn
Rim warped, or not balanced
Wheel bearing worn
Handlebar clamp bolt loose
Steering stem nut loose
Front, rear axle runout excessive
Engine mounting bolt loose
Handlebar pulls to one side:
Frame bent
Wheel misalignment
Swingarm bent or twisted
Swingarm pivot shaft runout excessive
Steering maladjusted
Front fork bent
Right and left front fork oil level uneven
Shock absorption unsatisfactory:
(Too hard)
Front fork oil excessive
Front fork oil viscosity too high
Rear shock absorber adjustment too hard
Tire air pressure too high
Front fork bent
(Too soft)
17-16 APPENDIX
Troubleshooting Guide
Tire air pressure too low
Front fork oil insufficient and/or leaking
Front fork oil viscosity too low
Rear shock adjustment too soft
Front fork, rear shock absorber spring weak
Rear shock absorber oil leaking
Brake Doesn’t Hold:
Air in the brake line
Pad or disc worn
Brake fluid leakage
Disc warped
Contaminated pad
Brake fluid deteriorated
Primary or secondary cup damaged in master
cylinder
Master cylinder scratched inside
Battery Trouble:
Battery discharged:
Charge insufficient
Battery faulty (too low terminal voltage)
Battery lead making poor contact
Load excessive (e.g., bulb of excessive
wattage)
Ignition switch trouble
Alternator trouble
Wiring faulty
Regulator/rectifier trouble
Battery overcharged:
Alternator trouble
Regulator/rectifier trouble
Battery faulty
MODEL APPLICATION
Year
Model
2003
ZX636–B1
2003
ZX600–K1
2004
ZX636–B2
Beginning Frame No.
JKBZXJB1□3A000001 or
JKBZX636BBA000001
JKAZX4K1□3A000001 or
JKAZX600KKA000001
JKBZXJB1□4A023001 or
JKBZX636BBA023001
□:This digit in the frame number changes from one machine to another.
Part No.99924-1311-03
Printed in Japan